PATH 222 FINAL EXAM 2025 WITH ACTUAL
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED DETAILED
ANSWERS |FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS |ALREADY GRADED A+|BRAND
NEW !!!|LATEST UPDATE |GUARANTEED PASS
Which of the following is considered as the "silent disease"?
a) osteoarthritis
b) osteoporosis
c) rheumatoid arthritis
d) osteomalacia
b) osteoporosis
Osteoarthritis is considered as the "wear & tear" disease. True or False
True - Osteoarthritis
Briefly explain the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis & provide a rationale of why the joints will
turn red and swollen.
- abnormal immune response = synovitis (inflammation of the synovial cavity = vasodilation, increased
permeability, and formation of exudate) - this cause the joints to appear red & swollen
- antibody against IgG (rheumatoid factor) that is in the synovial fluid and blood
Exacerbation:
- inflammation of the synovitis w increased production of synovial cells
- pannus is formation (granulation tissue) form from the synovial spreads over the articulation cartilage,
it release enzymes & inflammatory mediators = destroying the cartilage
- nutrients from the synovial fluid to the cartilage is cut off by the pannus = unstable joint
- pannus becomes fibrotic = movement limited
- calcification occurs > narrowed joint space
- ankylosis (joint fixation) develops with deformity
What should you take Hydroxychlroquine (Plaquenil) with?
a) grapefruit juice
b) breakfast
c) milk
d) water
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, c) milk (- GI upset)
State the 6P's musculoskeletal/cardiovascular danger signs
- Pain
- Pallor
-Pulselessness
- Paresthesia
- Paralysis
- Poikilothermia (coldness)
Using plates to align is what type of treatment for fractures?
open reduction
What is the MOA of Calcitriol (Calcijex, Rocaltrol)?
promotes absorption of calcium in the intestine
What diagnostic tests can be done for arterial peripheral vascular disease?
- Doppler Ultrasound (sound waves from moving RBC's, examine blood flow)
- Duplex Doppler Ultrasound (audible:graphic + ultrasound imaging, identifying arterial/venous
abnormalities)
- Arteriography (x-ray of an artery outlined by an injection of a radiopaque contrast medium)
Explain the pathophysiology of aortic aneurysm.
1. defect of the medial layer part of the blood vessel (usually b/c of turbulent BF)
2. dilation of the blood vessel enlarges overtime
3. a thrombus may form > obstructing branching arteries
4. aneurysm can rupture = massive hemorrhage
What type of aneurysm results from a traumatic break in the wall, saccular aneurysm and is commonly
found in the willis (brain)
False Aneurysm
Compare thrombophlebitis vs Phlebothrombosis
Thrombophlebitis
- formation of thrombus where there is inflammation
- platelets adhere to the inflamed area - thrombus develop
Phlebothrombosis
- spontaneous development of thrombus w/o inflammation beforehand
- clot does not firmly adhere
- asymptomatic
Virchow's Triad
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CORRECT QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED DETAILED
ANSWERS |FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS |ALREADY GRADED A+|BRAND
NEW !!!|LATEST UPDATE |GUARANTEED PASS
Which of the following is considered as the "silent disease"?
a) osteoarthritis
b) osteoporosis
c) rheumatoid arthritis
d) osteomalacia
b) osteoporosis
Osteoarthritis is considered as the "wear & tear" disease. True or False
True - Osteoarthritis
Briefly explain the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis & provide a rationale of why the joints will
turn red and swollen.
- abnormal immune response = synovitis (inflammation of the synovial cavity = vasodilation, increased
permeability, and formation of exudate) - this cause the joints to appear red & swollen
- antibody against IgG (rheumatoid factor) that is in the synovial fluid and blood
Exacerbation:
- inflammation of the synovitis w increased production of synovial cells
- pannus is formation (granulation tissue) form from the synovial spreads over the articulation cartilage,
it release enzymes & inflammatory mediators = destroying the cartilage
- nutrients from the synovial fluid to the cartilage is cut off by the pannus = unstable joint
- pannus becomes fibrotic = movement limited
- calcification occurs > narrowed joint space
- ankylosis (joint fixation) develops with deformity
What should you take Hydroxychlroquine (Plaquenil) with?
a) grapefruit juice
b) breakfast
c) milk
d) water
1|Page
, c) milk (- GI upset)
State the 6P's musculoskeletal/cardiovascular danger signs
- Pain
- Pallor
-Pulselessness
- Paresthesia
- Paralysis
- Poikilothermia (coldness)
Using plates to align is what type of treatment for fractures?
open reduction
What is the MOA of Calcitriol (Calcijex, Rocaltrol)?
promotes absorption of calcium in the intestine
What diagnostic tests can be done for arterial peripheral vascular disease?
- Doppler Ultrasound (sound waves from moving RBC's, examine blood flow)
- Duplex Doppler Ultrasound (audible:graphic + ultrasound imaging, identifying arterial/venous
abnormalities)
- Arteriography (x-ray of an artery outlined by an injection of a radiopaque contrast medium)
Explain the pathophysiology of aortic aneurysm.
1. defect of the medial layer part of the blood vessel (usually b/c of turbulent BF)
2. dilation of the blood vessel enlarges overtime
3. a thrombus may form > obstructing branching arteries
4. aneurysm can rupture = massive hemorrhage
What type of aneurysm results from a traumatic break in the wall, saccular aneurysm and is commonly
found in the willis (brain)
False Aneurysm
Compare thrombophlebitis vs Phlebothrombosis
Thrombophlebitis
- formation of thrombus where there is inflammation
- platelets adhere to the inflamed area - thrombus develop
Phlebothrombosis
- spontaneous development of thrombus w/o inflammation beforehand
- clot does not firmly adhere
- asymptomatic
Virchow's Triad
2|Page
