PHM203 TB Drugs – Complete Study Guide
4 first line drugs Right Ans - rifampin
isoniazid
pyrazinamide
ethambutol
MOA of isoniazid Right Ans - Inhibition of mycolic acid (part of
mycobacterium's cell wall)
is isoniazid bactericidal or bacteriostatic? Right Ans - bactericidal, rapidly
kills actively dividing bacteria in the first few days of therapy
adverse effects of isoniazid Right Ans - mild transaminase elevation,
hepatotoxicity/hepatitis, peripheral neuropathies, GI intolerance, rash
monitoring parameters of isoniazid Right Ans - symptoms of neuritis,
baseline AST/ALT/AST, follow-up LFTs if patient asymptomatic or monthly
LFTs, particularly if patient at risk of hepatotoxicity (eg. pre-existing liver
impairment, alcohol use)
important note about isoniazid Right Ans - co-administer vitamin B6
(pyridoxine) to prevent neuropathies
MOA of rifampin Right Ans - inhibits RNA synthesis
is rifampin bactericidal or bacteriostatic? Right Ans - bactericidal, rapidly
kills actively dividing and semi-dormant bacteria in first few days of therapy
adverse effects of rifampin Right Ans - transaminase elevation,
heptotoxicity/hepatitis, discolouration of body fluids (urine, tears, contact
lenses), GI intolerance, rash
monitoring parameters of rifampin Right Ans - baseline AST/ALT/AST,
follow-up LFTs if patient asymptomatic or monthly LFTs, particularly if
patient at risk of hepatotoxicity (eg. pre-existing liver impairment, alcohol
use)
important note about rifampin Right Ans - drug interactions!
4 first line drugs Right Ans - rifampin
isoniazid
pyrazinamide
ethambutol
MOA of isoniazid Right Ans - Inhibition of mycolic acid (part of
mycobacterium's cell wall)
is isoniazid bactericidal or bacteriostatic? Right Ans - bactericidal, rapidly
kills actively dividing bacteria in the first few days of therapy
adverse effects of isoniazid Right Ans - mild transaminase elevation,
hepatotoxicity/hepatitis, peripheral neuropathies, GI intolerance, rash
monitoring parameters of isoniazid Right Ans - symptoms of neuritis,
baseline AST/ALT/AST, follow-up LFTs if patient asymptomatic or monthly
LFTs, particularly if patient at risk of hepatotoxicity (eg. pre-existing liver
impairment, alcohol use)
important note about isoniazid Right Ans - co-administer vitamin B6
(pyridoxine) to prevent neuropathies
MOA of rifampin Right Ans - inhibits RNA synthesis
is rifampin bactericidal or bacteriostatic? Right Ans - bactericidal, rapidly
kills actively dividing and semi-dormant bacteria in first few days of therapy
adverse effects of rifampin Right Ans - transaminase elevation,
heptotoxicity/hepatitis, discolouration of body fluids (urine, tears, contact
lenses), GI intolerance, rash
monitoring parameters of rifampin Right Ans - baseline AST/ALT/AST,
follow-up LFTs if patient asymptomatic or monthly LFTs, particularly if
patient at risk of hepatotoxicity (eg. pre-existing liver impairment, alcohol
use)
important note about rifampin Right Ans - drug interactions!
