Clinical Management 1: Module 5
(Thyroid and Endocrine Disorders)
What is the primary hormone produced by the thyroid gland responsible for regulating metabolism?
A) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
B) Triiodothyronine (T3)
C) Thyroxine (T4)
D) Cortisol - ANS: C) Thyroxine (T4)
Which condition is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland? A)
Hyperthyroidism
B) Hashimoto's thyroiditis
C) Graves' disease
D) Toxic adenoma - ANS: B) Hashimoto's thyroiditis
What lab finding is typical in primary hypothyroidism?
A) Increased T3 and T4
B) Increased TSH and decreased FT4
C) Decreased TSH and normal FT4
D) Normal TSH and increased FT4 - ANS: B) Increased TSH and decreased FT4
A patient with myxedema may present with all of the following symptoms except:
A) Hair loss
B) Weight loss
C) Cold intolerance
D) Fatigue - ANS: B) Weight loss
,What is the treatment of choice for hypothyroidism?
A) Levothyroxine
B) Liothyronine
C) Radioactive iodine
D) Methimazole - ANS: A) Levothyroxine
Which of the following conditions may lead to secondary hypothyroidism?
A.Hashimoto's thyroiditis
B. Pituitary tumor
C. Iodine deficiency
D. Autoimmune thyroiditis - ANS: B. Pituitary tumor
In hyperthyroidism, what laboratory values would you expect?
A. Increased TSH, decreased FT4
B. Decreased TSH, increased FT4
C. Normal TSH, increased FT4
D. Increased TSH, normal FT4 - ANS: B. Decreased TSH, increased FT4
A classic triad associated with Graves' disease includes all of the following except:
A.Hyperthyroidism
B. Ophthalmopathy
C. Diarrhea
D. Dermopathy - ANS: C. Diarrhea
Which symptom is most commonly associated with Cushing's syndrome?
,A. Weight gain
B. Weight loss
C. Cold intolerance
D. Hypoglycemia - ANS: A) Weight gain
What is the most common cause of adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease)?
A. Pituitary adenoma
B. Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal glands
C. Overproduction of cortisol
D. Infection - ANS: B) Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal glands
How is Addison's crisis best managed?
A.Increase current hydrocortisone dose
B. Decrease current hydrocortisone dose
C. Continue current hydrocortisone dose
D. Add a new medication - ANS: A. Increase current hydrocortisone dose
Which finding is commonly seen in patients with Addison's disease?
A. Hyperpigmentation
B. Hypertension
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hyperglycemia - ANS: A. Hyperpigmentation
In patients with thyrotoxicosis from Graves' disease, which treatment is generally first-line for symptom
management?
A. Methimazole
, B. Propranolol
C. Radioactive iodine
D. Hydrocortisone - ANS: B. Propanolol
Which imaging modality is most sensitive for detecting pituitary tumors?
A.CT scan
B. MRI
C. X-ray
D. Ultrasound - ANS: B) MRI
A 45-year-old woman presents with fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. Labs show an increased
TSH and decreased free T4. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A.Hyperthyroidism
B. Hashimoto's thyroiditis
C. Cushing's syndrome
D. Addison's disease - ANS: B) Hashimoto's thyroiditis
A 32-year-old man is found to have a cervical lymphadenopathy and an elevated TSH while on
levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What should be suspected?
A.Thyroid storm
B. Thyroid cancer
C. Myxedema
D. Subclinical hyperthyroidism - ANS: B. Thyroid Cancer
A 50-year-old woman with a family history of thyroid disease presents with weight loss, heat
intolerance, and palpitations. Lab results show low TSH and elevated T4. What condition does she likely
have?
(Thyroid and Endocrine Disorders)
What is the primary hormone produced by the thyroid gland responsible for regulating metabolism?
A) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
B) Triiodothyronine (T3)
C) Thyroxine (T4)
D) Cortisol - ANS: C) Thyroxine (T4)
Which condition is characterized by an autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland? A)
Hyperthyroidism
B) Hashimoto's thyroiditis
C) Graves' disease
D) Toxic adenoma - ANS: B) Hashimoto's thyroiditis
What lab finding is typical in primary hypothyroidism?
A) Increased T3 and T4
B) Increased TSH and decreased FT4
C) Decreased TSH and normal FT4
D) Normal TSH and increased FT4 - ANS: B) Increased TSH and decreased FT4
A patient with myxedema may present with all of the following symptoms except:
A) Hair loss
B) Weight loss
C) Cold intolerance
D) Fatigue - ANS: B) Weight loss
,What is the treatment of choice for hypothyroidism?
A) Levothyroxine
B) Liothyronine
C) Radioactive iodine
D) Methimazole - ANS: A) Levothyroxine
Which of the following conditions may lead to secondary hypothyroidism?
A.Hashimoto's thyroiditis
B. Pituitary tumor
C. Iodine deficiency
D. Autoimmune thyroiditis - ANS: B. Pituitary tumor
In hyperthyroidism, what laboratory values would you expect?
A. Increased TSH, decreased FT4
B. Decreased TSH, increased FT4
C. Normal TSH, increased FT4
D. Increased TSH, normal FT4 - ANS: B. Decreased TSH, increased FT4
A classic triad associated with Graves' disease includes all of the following except:
A.Hyperthyroidism
B. Ophthalmopathy
C. Diarrhea
D. Dermopathy - ANS: C. Diarrhea
Which symptom is most commonly associated with Cushing's syndrome?
,A. Weight gain
B. Weight loss
C. Cold intolerance
D. Hypoglycemia - ANS: A) Weight gain
What is the most common cause of adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease)?
A. Pituitary adenoma
B. Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal glands
C. Overproduction of cortisol
D. Infection - ANS: B) Autoimmune destruction of the adrenal glands
How is Addison's crisis best managed?
A.Increase current hydrocortisone dose
B. Decrease current hydrocortisone dose
C. Continue current hydrocortisone dose
D. Add a new medication - ANS: A. Increase current hydrocortisone dose
Which finding is commonly seen in patients with Addison's disease?
A. Hyperpigmentation
B. Hypertension
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hyperglycemia - ANS: A. Hyperpigmentation
In patients with thyrotoxicosis from Graves' disease, which treatment is generally first-line for symptom
management?
A. Methimazole
, B. Propranolol
C. Radioactive iodine
D. Hydrocortisone - ANS: B. Propanolol
Which imaging modality is most sensitive for detecting pituitary tumors?
A.CT scan
B. MRI
C. X-ray
D. Ultrasound - ANS: B) MRI
A 45-year-old woman presents with fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. Labs show an increased
TSH and decreased free T4. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A.Hyperthyroidism
B. Hashimoto's thyroiditis
C. Cushing's syndrome
D. Addison's disease - ANS: B) Hashimoto's thyroiditis
A 32-year-old man is found to have a cervical lymphadenopathy and an elevated TSH while on
levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What should be suspected?
A.Thyroid storm
B. Thyroid cancer
C. Myxedema
D. Subclinical hyperthyroidism - ANS: B. Thyroid Cancer
A 50-year-old woman with a family history of thyroid disease presents with weight loss, heat
intolerance, and palpitations. Lab results show low TSH and elevated T4. What condition does she likely
have?
