HBIO 202 NUTRITION EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE
Nutrients
Food compounds that sustain your body process
6 classes of nutrients
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
Calories
A unit used to measure the amount of energy contained in foods
Metabolism
All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism. Calories are converted into
energy
Macronutrients
carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
Micronutrients
vitamins, minerals, water
enyzmes
Substances that speed up chemical reactions in the body
Brunner's glands
Secrete an alkaline mucus that protects the intestinal walls from acidic chyme
Peyer's patches
, Lymphoid organs located in the small intestine that hold lymphocytes and immune cells.
They monitor the bacterial populations in the intestine and prevent growth of pathogenic
bacteria
passive diffusion
nutrients move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
facilitated diffusion
Use of specialized carrier proteins to transport nutrients (from high to low)
Active transport
Both protein carriers and energy is used to transport nutrients against a concentration
difference (high to low)
Endocytosis
A process in which a cell engulfs extracellular material through an inward folding of its
plasma membrane.
GLUT2
the trans membrane, facilitated carrier protein to transport glucose (mainly between liver
and blood)
GLUT4
A glucose transporter found in adipose tissue and muscle, similar to Glut2 but its
operation is regulated by insulin
Soluble fiber
fiber that dissolves in water or is broken down by bacteria in the large intestine
insoluble fiber
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE
Nutrients
Food compounds that sustain your body process
6 classes of nutrients
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
Calories
A unit used to measure the amount of energy contained in foods
Metabolism
All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism. Calories are converted into
energy
Macronutrients
carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
Micronutrients
vitamins, minerals, water
enyzmes
Substances that speed up chemical reactions in the body
Brunner's glands
Secrete an alkaline mucus that protects the intestinal walls from acidic chyme
Peyer's patches
, Lymphoid organs located in the small intestine that hold lymphocytes and immune cells.
They monitor the bacterial populations in the intestine and prevent growth of pathogenic
bacteria
passive diffusion
nutrients move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
facilitated diffusion
Use of specialized carrier proteins to transport nutrients (from high to low)
Active transport
Both protein carriers and energy is used to transport nutrients against a concentration
difference (high to low)
Endocytosis
A process in which a cell engulfs extracellular material through an inward folding of its
plasma membrane.
GLUT2
the trans membrane, facilitated carrier protein to transport glucose (mainly between liver
and blood)
GLUT4
A glucose transporter found in adipose tissue and muscle, similar to Glut2 but its
operation is regulated by insulin
Soluble fiber
fiber that dissolves in water or is broken down by bacteria in the large intestine
insoluble fiber
