HBIO 202 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
cardiovascular system
an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport, nutrients, electrolytes,
waste products, hormones, formed elements of the blood, and heat to and from the cells
in the body to provide nourishment; help in fighting diseases and maintaining
homeostasis
parts of the cardiovascular system
heart, blood vessels, and cells/plasma of the blood
arteries
the blood vessels that go away from the heart, branch off in arterioles
veins
the blood vessels that go towards the heart, formed from merging venules
capillaries
smaller blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules
arteriosclerosis
the walls of the arteries become thick/stiff and may restrict blood flow to organs and
tissues
atherosclerosis
the most common form of arteriosclerosis
Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis
hardening of the arteries is cased by calcification
, development of atherosclerosis
1. accumulation of LDL-cholesterol
2. plaque forms
3. scarring and stiffening of plaque
4. blood clots develop
coronary heart disease (CHD)
impairs blood flow to the heart and can cause damage and death of the tissue leading
to heart attacks
carotid artery disease (CAD)
narrowing of the carotid arteries which deliver blood to the brain, pieces of plaque can
break off and block small arteries causing stroke
peripheral arterial disease (PAD)
narrowing of the peripheral arteries to the legs, stomach, arms, etc. which can cause
pain, changes in skin color, sores
or ulcers and difficulty walking
treatment for atherosclerosis
lifestyle modifications (diet/exercise), statins, blood thinners
heart failure
when the heart is unable top ump enough blood to the body, measured as ejection
fraction (<40% is the classification)
ejection fraction
how much of the blood that gets into the heart is expelled out
lipids
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
cardiovascular system
an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport, nutrients, electrolytes,
waste products, hormones, formed elements of the blood, and heat to and from the cells
in the body to provide nourishment; help in fighting diseases and maintaining
homeostasis
parts of the cardiovascular system
heart, blood vessels, and cells/plasma of the blood
arteries
the blood vessels that go away from the heart, branch off in arterioles
veins
the blood vessels that go towards the heart, formed from merging venules
capillaries
smaller blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules
arteriosclerosis
the walls of the arteries become thick/stiff and may restrict blood flow to organs and
tissues
atherosclerosis
the most common form of arteriosclerosis
Mönckeberg's arteriosclerosis
hardening of the arteries is cased by calcification
, development of atherosclerosis
1. accumulation of LDL-cholesterol
2. plaque forms
3. scarring and stiffening of plaque
4. blood clots develop
coronary heart disease (CHD)
impairs blood flow to the heart and can cause damage and death of the tissue leading
to heart attacks
carotid artery disease (CAD)
narrowing of the carotid arteries which deliver blood to the brain, pieces of plaque can
break off and block small arteries causing stroke
peripheral arterial disease (PAD)
narrowing of the peripheral arteries to the legs, stomach, arms, etc. which can cause
pain, changes in skin color, sores
or ulcers and difficulty walking
treatment for atherosclerosis
lifestyle modifications (diet/exercise), statins, blood thinners
heart failure
when the heart is unable top ump enough blood to the body, measured as ejection
fraction (<40% is the classification)
ejection fraction
how much of the blood that gets into the heart is expelled out
lipids
