HBIO 202 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Vitamin A
scientific name: retinol
function: vision, bone health, immune system
deficiency: night blindness, immune system repairment
rdl: 700-900 ug/day
Vitamin C
scientific name: ascorbic acid
function: antioxidant, collagen synthesis, helps absorb non-heme iron, breaks down
histamine
deficiency: scurvy (bleeding/swollen gums)
rdl: 75-90 mg/day
Vitamin D
scientific name: cholecalciferol
"sunshine"
function: regulates calcium and phosphorous for bone health, immune system
regulation
deficiency: rickets (children), osteomalacia (adults)
rdl: 600-800 ul/15-20 ug
Vitamin E
, scientific name: alpha-tocopherol
function: antioxidant, protects cell membranes, prevents LDL oxidation and clot
formation (anticoagulant)
deficiency: nerve problems/muscle weakness (uncommon)
rdl: 15 mg
Vitamin B9
scientific name: folic acid/folate
function: DNA synthesis/repair, red blood cell formation
deficiency: anemia, neural tube birth defects
rdl: 400 ug/day
Vitamin B12
scientific name: cobalamin
function: recycle folate and make DNA
deficiency: similar to fatty acid
rdl: 2.4 ug/day
how is lipids absorbed?
1) micelles (small fat clusters) break apart in small intestine to be absorbed in
enterocyte (small intestine cells)
2) then fat is reassembled into chylomicrons which transports fat through the lymphatic
system into bloodstream
3) chylomicrons travel from lymphatic into circulatory system
chylomicrons
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Vitamin A
scientific name: retinol
function: vision, bone health, immune system
deficiency: night blindness, immune system repairment
rdl: 700-900 ug/day
Vitamin C
scientific name: ascorbic acid
function: antioxidant, collagen synthesis, helps absorb non-heme iron, breaks down
histamine
deficiency: scurvy (bleeding/swollen gums)
rdl: 75-90 mg/day
Vitamin D
scientific name: cholecalciferol
"sunshine"
function: regulates calcium and phosphorous for bone health, immune system
regulation
deficiency: rickets (children), osteomalacia (adults)
rdl: 600-800 ul/15-20 ug
Vitamin E
, scientific name: alpha-tocopherol
function: antioxidant, protects cell membranes, prevents LDL oxidation and clot
formation (anticoagulant)
deficiency: nerve problems/muscle weakness (uncommon)
rdl: 15 mg
Vitamin B9
scientific name: folic acid/folate
function: DNA synthesis/repair, red blood cell formation
deficiency: anemia, neural tube birth defects
rdl: 400 ug/day
Vitamin B12
scientific name: cobalamin
function: recycle folate and make DNA
deficiency: similar to fatty acid
rdl: 2.4 ug/day
how is lipids absorbed?
1) micelles (small fat clusters) break apart in small intestine to be absorbed in
enterocyte (small intestine cells)
2) then fat is reassembled into chylomicrons which transports fat through the lymphatic
system into bloodstream
3) chylomicrons travel from lymphatic into circulatory system
chylomicrons
