HBIO 202 — MIDTERM #1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Scientific Method
A logical, systematic approach to the solution of a scientific problem
First & Last step of scientific approach
F: asking a question. L: communicating the result
Nutritional Genomics
- study of how diet may affect the expression of genetic information
- how genetic makeup affects the metabolism & response to nutrients
Energy Yielding Nutrients & how they are measured
Provide energy in the form of kilocalories (calories)
Carb: glucose
Fat: major fuel source. Cushion organs, insulate the body to maintain temp.
Proteins: growth & and maintenance of muscle, tissue, and organs. Suited for making
hormones, enzymes, healthy immune system.
Non-Energy Yielding Essential Nutrients & their purpose
Help regulate body processes including metabolism.
Vitamins & minerals assist ENZYMES in speeding up chemical reactions in the body
(metabolism).
,Vitamins: organic. Minerals: inorganic
Energy Content of F,P,C
Fat: 9 cal per g
Carb: 4 cal per g
Protein: 4 cal per g
6 roles of water in the body
1. fluid medium inside & outside of cells
2. helps chemical reactions (ex. energy production)
3. maintain body temperature
4. transporting nutrients & oxygen
5. lubricant
6. protective cushion
Obesity Incidence (% of adults overweight / obese)
On this rise.
Adults: 70% over, 40% obese
Children: 16% are overweight, 17% obese
Obesity = leading cause of _____
degenerative diseases
Causes of Obesity
1. overconsumption
2. sedentary lifestyle
, Effect of Obesity
Increased rates of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, cancer, stroke
3 principles of healthy eating
Balance, Variety, Moderation
Malnourishment
can result from both under- and overnutritoin
Tools to Avoid Under- & Over-nutrition (4)
1. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)
2. Dietary Guidelines for Americans
3. MyPlate
4. Nutrition Facts Panel
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), what are the 5 reference values
1. EAR - Estimated Average Requirement: meets needs of 50%
2. RDA - Recommended Dietary Allowance: meets the needs of nearly all
3. AI - Adequate Intake: avg daily adequate intake
4. UL - Tolerable Upper Intake Level: highest capacity to avoid toxicity
5. AMDR - Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range: range intakes for CHO, Fats,
Proteins
AMDR
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Scientific Method
A logical, systematic approach to the solution of a scientific problem
First & Last step of scientific approach
F: asking a question. L: communicating the result
Nutritional Genomics
- study of how diet may affect the expression of genetic information
- how genetic makeup affects the metabolism & response to nutrients
Energy Yielding Nutrients & how they are measured
Provide energy in the form of kilocalories (calories)
Carb: glucose
Fat: major fuel source. Cushion organs, insulate the body to maintain temp.
Proteins: growth & and maintenance of muscle, tissue, and organs. Suited for making
hormones, enzymes, healthy immune system.
Non-Energy Yielding Essential Nutrients & their purpose
Help regulate body processes including metabolism.
Vitamins & minerals assist ENZYMES in speeding up chemical reactions in the body
(metabolism).
,Vitamins: organic. Minerals: inorganic
Energy Content of F,P,C
Fat: 9 cal per g
Carb: 4 cal per g
Protein: 4 cal per g
6 roles of water in the body
1. fluid medium inside & outside of cells
2. helps chemical reactions (ex. energy production)
3. maintain body temperature
4. transporting nutrients & oxygen
5. lubricant
6. protective cushion
Obesity Incidence (% of adults overweight / obese)
On this rise.
Adults: 70% over, 40% obese
Children: 16% are overweight, 17% obese
Obesity = leading cause of _____
degenerative diseases
Causes of Obesity
1. overconsumption
2. sedentary lifestyle
, Effect of Obesity
Increased rates of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, cancer, stroke
3 principles of healthy eating
Balance, Variety, Moderation
Malnourishment
can result from both under- and overnutritoin
Tools to Avoid Under- & Over-nutrition (4)
1. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)
2. Dietary Guidelines for Americans
3. MyPlate
4. Nutrition Facts Panel
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), what are the 5 reference values
1. EAR - Estimated Average Requirement: meets needs of 50%
2. RDA - Recommended Dietary Allowance: meets the needs of nearly all
3. AI - Adequate Intake: avg daily adequate intake
4. UL - Tolerable Upper Intake Level: highest capacity to avoid toxicity
5. AMDR - Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range: range intakes for CHO, Fats,
Proteins
AMDR
