NU 311 SKILLS EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST
UPDATE
Therapeutic communication
is patient centered, purposeful, and time limited. This differs from social communication
which is casual and comfortable. In this kind of relationship, the nurse recognizes the
patient as a unique individual and establishes a goal to help the patient. One does not
form a social relationship with the patient, such as dating, confiding personal
information, etc.
- Box 3.2 and Document Principles of Communication (look over)
Verbal communication
- The conscious use of spoken or written word. The person speaking needs to be aware
of the tone, volume, and cadence of his or her voice. Feelings can be expressed
through the tone and pace of words. This means that the emotional meaning of words
are altered by how things are said. Nurses need to remember this important message
when giving or receiving information.
· Be aware of cultural differences between the sender and the receiver such as the use
of dialect or slang.
,· Consider barrier's to written communication such as the receiver's cognitive and visual
impairments.
· Consider the developmental perspectives of the receiver because these influence the
method of communication used.
Nonverbal communication
- refers to all behaviors that convey messages without the use of words. This includes
personal appearance and body language such as facial expression, posture and gait,
gestures and touch.
· It is important that nurses recognize that non-verbal behavior accounts for 85%
of communication. Non-verbal messages are more likely toconvey how someone
truly feels.
· Remember, cultural beliefs are strongly reflected in behavior. For example, when a
Chinese female does not make eye contact, one may misinterpret the behavior as
reflecting a poor self concept or perhaps see the behavior as representing dishonesty;
however, in the Chinese culture, direct eye contact is considered rude behavior. The
response of the female may simply be a courteous or respectful social act. To make
clinical inferences about discrepancies, nurses must have an understanding of cultural
variations and be willing to ask probing questions to validate speculations.
· Touch – Touch can be highly therapeutic. Touch can convey caring, concern, and
encouragement. Touch is particularly comforting to the elderly or those who are grief
stricken. However, one must carefully consider how another may interpret touch before
using this therapeutic skill.
· Instances when touch may be inappropriate include when interacting with an:
,o Angry person
o Mentally ill person
o Also, touch is not appropriate if another may possibly infer the act as a sexual
gesture. Along those same lines, some cultures prohibit an individual of the opposite
sex to be alone with another. Sensitivity to these situations are essential to avoid
misinterpretations or touch.
What is SBAR?
(SITUATION, BACKGROUND, ASSESMENT, RECOMMENDATION)
· Situation- the problem
· Background- brief, related to the point.
· Assessment- what you found, what you think
· Recommendation- what you want from the physician ( ex: need them to come
examine the patient; interventions that would help)
-SBAR is an effective communication tool for patient safety.
· SBAR meets Joint Commission’s requirements for appropriate communication for
patient-hand-offs during Admission, Transfers, Shift to Shift Report, and Daily
Rounds.
· SBAR improves physician/clinician communication in critical and non-critical patient
care situations.
Situation
-Part of SBAR
- the problem
• State: your name and unit
, • I am calling about:: (Patient Name & Room Number)
• The problem: The reason I am calling .....
Background
-Part of SBAR
- brief, related, to the point
• State the admission diagnosis and date of admission
• State the pertinent medical history
• A Brief Synopsis of the treatment to date
Assessment
-Part of SBAR
- what you found, what you think
• Pertinent objective & subjective information
- Most recent vitals
- Mental status
- Respiratory rate and quality
- B/P, pulse rate & quality
- Pain
- Neuro changes
- Skin color
- Rhythm changes
Recommendation
-Part of SBAR
- what you want
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST
UPDATE
Therapeutic communication
is patient centered, purposeful, and time limited. This differs from social communication
which is casual and comfortable. In this kind of relationship, the nurse recognizes the
patient as a unique individual and establishes a goal to help the patient. One does not
form a social relationship with the patient, such as dating, confiding personal
information, etc.
- Box 3.2 and Document Principles of Communication (look over)
Verbal communication
- The conscious use of spoken or written word. The person speaking needs to be aware
of the tone, volume, and cadence of his or her voice. Feelings can be expressed
through the tone and pace of words. This means that the emotional meaning of words
are altered by how things are said. Nurses need to remember this important message
when giving or receiving information.
· Be aware of cultural differences between the sender and the receiver such as the use
of dialect or slang.
,· Consider barrier's to written communication such as the receiver's cognitive and visual
impairments.
· Consider the developmental perspectives of the receiver because these influence the
method of communication used.
Nonverbal communication
- refers to all behaviors that convey messages without the use of words. This includes
personal appearance and body language such as facial expression, posture and gait,
gestures and touch.
· It is important that nurses recognize that non-verbal behavior accounts for 85%
of communication. Non-verbal messages are more likely toconvey how someone
truly feels.
· Remember, cultural beliefs are strongly reflected in behavior. For example, when a
Chinese female does not make eye contact, one may misinterpret the behavior as
reflecting a poor self concept or perhaps see the behavior as representing dishonesty;
however, in the Chinese culture, direct eye contact is considered rude behavior. The
response of the female may simply be a courteous or respectful social act. To make
clinical inferences about discrepancies, nurses must have an understanding of cultural
variations and be willing to ask probing questions to validate speculations.
· Touch – Touch can be highly therapeutic. Touch can convey caring, concern, and
encouragement. Touch is particularly comforting to the elderly or those who are grief
stricken. However, one must carefully consider how another may interpret touch before
using this therapeutic skill.
· Instances when touch may be inappropriate include when interacting with an:
,o Angry person
o Mentally ill person
o Also, touch is not appropriate if another may possibly infer the act as a sexual
gesture. Along those same lines, some cultures prohibit an individual of the opposite
sex to be alone with another. Sensitivity to these situations are essential to avoid
misinterpretations or touch.
What is SBAR?
(SITUATION, BACKGROUND, ASSESMENT, RECOMMENDATION)
· Situation- the problem
· Background- brief, related to the point.
· Assessment- what you found, what you think
· Recommendation- what you want from the physician ( ex: need them to come
examine the patient; interventions that would help)
-SBAR is an effective communication tool for patient safety.
· SBAR meets Joint Commission’s requirements for appropriate communication for
patient-hand-offs during Admission, Transfers, Shift to Shift Report, and Daily
Rounds.
· SBAR improves physician/clinician communication in critical and non-critical patient
care situations.
Situation
-Part of SBAR
- the problem
• State: your name and unit
, • I am calling about:: (Patient Name & Room Number)
• The problem: The reason I am calling .....
Background
-Part of SBAR
- brief, related, to the point
• State the admission diagnosis and date of admission
• State the pertinent medical history
• A Brief Synopsis of the treatment to date
Assessment
-Part of SBAR
- what you found, what you think
• Pertinent objective & subjective information
- Most recent vitals
- Mental status
- Respiratory rate and quality
- B/P, pulse rate & quality
- Pain
- Neuro changes
- Skin color
- Rhythm changes
Recommendation
-Part of SBAR
- what you want
