A Level Chemistry
Module 2: Foundations in Chemistry
Topic 2: Amount of
Substance
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Chemistry Department July 2020
,Module 2 – Foundations in Chemistry 1 Laura Stanley Adam Davis
Topic 2 – Amount of Substance Amanda Dibbo Matt Cannon
Contents
1. The Amount of Substance & the Mole (2.1.3a) .................................................... 2
Amount of substance and the mole (2.1.3ai,ii) ................................................ 2
Avogadro’s constant (2.1.3aiii) ........................................................................ 2
Moles and Masses (2.1.aiv,ei) ........................................................................ 2
Other units of Mass ......................................................................................... 3
2. Determination of Formulae (2.1.3b-d) .................................................................. 3
What is Empirical formula? (2.1.3bi) ............................................................... 3
Calculating Empirical formula (2.1.3c)............................................................. 4
Molecular formula (2.1.3bii,c) .......................................................................... 4
Hydrated Salts (2.1.3d) ................................................................................... 6
3. Moles and Volumes (2.1.3e,f) .............................................................................. 8
Using volumes ................................................................................................ 8
Moles and solutions (2.1.3eiii)......................................................................... 8
Other ways of showing concentrations ........................................................... 9
Moles and Gas volumes (2.1.3av,eii) ............................................................ 10
The Ideal Gas Equation (2.1.3f) .................................................................... 11
4. Reacting Quantities (2.1.3g) .............................................................................. 14
Reacting quantities and stoichiometry .......................................................... 14
Percentage Yield (2.1.3hi)............................................................................. 19
Atom Economy (2.1.3hii) ............................................................................... 21
5. Specification ...................................................................................................... 24
6. Practice Questions............................................................................................. 25
7. Past Paper Questions Index ………………………………………………………...27
8. Past Paper Questions ………………………………………………………………..29
,Module 2 – Foundations in Chemistry 2 Laura Stanley Adam Davis
Topic 2 – Amount of Substance Amanda Dibbo Matt Cannon
1. The Amount of Substance & the Mole (2.1.3a)
Amount of substance and the mole (2.1.3ai,ii)
A mole is…
Avogadro’s constant (2.1.3aiii)
Avogadro’s constant is…
The equation for calculating the number of atoms/ions/molecules of a given
substance:
How many molecules of How many atoms of How many atoms of
water are in 2 moles of calcium are in 0.25 mol of oxygen are there in 6
water? calcium carbonate? moles of carbon dioxide?
Moles and Masses (2.1.aiv,ei)
The equation for calculating the amount of substance in moles, from a mass:
, Module 2 – Foundations in Chemistry 3 Laura Stanley Adam Davis
Topic 2 – Amount of Substance Amanda Dibbo Matt Cannon
Questions to try
Calculate the mass, in g, for the following:
6.00 mol of SiO2 1.00 mol Fe2O3 0.500mol Na2CO3
Calculate the amount, in mol, for the following:
4.00g of BeF2 21.7g KMnO4 15.269g Al2(SO4)3
Calculate the mass, in g, in
3 mol MnO2 1.25 mol Ga2O3 1.60 mol Ag2SO4
Calculate the amount, in mol, in
8.823 g CaI2 48.55 g K2CrO4 7.50 g Cu(NO3)2
Other units of Mass
Calcium phosphate is widely used to help treat calcium deficiencies in the
prevention of conditions such as osteoporosis. How many atoms of oxygen would
be present in a sample of 0.31 kg of calcium phosphate?
2. Determination of Formulae (2.1.3b-d)
What is Empirical formula? (2.1.3bi)
Empirical formula is