, CH01
Test Bank
m
1. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
Willmambeveragembeginmtomcoolmmore mquicklyminm themfreezermorminm themregularmpartmof mthemrefrigerator? mWell,mofm coursemit’ll mcoolmfasterm inmthemf
reezer!mTheremaremlots mofmpeoplemwhomdon’tmunderstandmanythingmatm allm aboutmphysics m andmwhomthinkmthings mmaymbeginmtom coolmfasterminmthe mfri
dge.mButmthey’remsadlymmistaken.
Nomargument.mClearly,mourmspeakermhasmanmopinionmonmthemsubject,mbutmnomargumentm is mgiven.
2. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
It’smtruemthatmyoumcanmusemyourmtelevisionmsetmtom tellmwhenmamtornadomismapproaching.m Themreasonmismthatmtornadoes mmakem anmelectricalmdisturb
anceminm them55m megahertz mrange,mwhichmismclosemtomthembandmassigned mtomchannelm2.mIfmyoumknow mhow mtomdom it,myoumcanmget myourmsetmtompick
mupmthemcurrentmgivenmoffmbymthemtwister.mSomyourmtelevision msetmcanmbemyour mwarningmdevicemthatmtells myoumwhenm tomdivemformthemcellar.
—AdaptedmfrommCecilmAdams,mThemStraightmDope
This mpassagemmightmbemtakenmasmanm explanation,mbutmitm ismalsomanmargument,msincemitmis mclearlymdesignedm tomconvincemusmthat mitsmmainmpointmis mc
orrect.
3. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
SomemofmthesemguysmwhomdomElvis mPresleymimitations mactuallympaym moremformtheirmoutfits mthanmElvis mpaidmformhis!mAnybodymwhomwouldm spend
mthousands mjustmsomhemcanmspendmamfew mminutes mnotmfoolingm anybodymintomthinkingmhe’s m Elvis mis mnuts.
Nomargument.mNomconnectionmismmadembetweenmthemcostmofmthemoutfits mandm thempsychologicalmdeficiencies mofmElvis mimpersonators.
4. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"Themargumentmadvancedmatmamrecentmgovernmentmhearing—
thatmbecausemwemwillmnotmbemdependentmonmplutoniummformmoremthanm amfewmhundredmyears mitm‘willmnot mbeman mimportantmproblem mindefinitely’—
entirelymmisses mthempoint.mThoughmwemmaymrelymonmplutoniummformonly mamrelativelymbrief mperiod,m themplutoniummproducedmduringm thatmperiodm
maymbemwithmus mindefinitely,mandmitmmay mjeopardizemthe mlives mofmmanym times mthe mnumbermof mgenerations mthatmprofitmfrommitsmuse."
—
RonaldmM.mGreen,m"InternationalmJusticemandmEnvironmentalmResponsibility"mAr
gument.
5. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"Genemsplicingmismthemmostmawesomemandmpowerfulmskillmacquired mbymman msincem themsplittingmofmthematom.mIfmpursuedmhumanistically,m itsmpoten
tialmtomservemhumanitymismenormous.mWemwill musemit mtomsynthesizem expensive mnaturalmproducts—
interferon,msubstances msuchmasminsulin,mandmhumanmendorphins m thatmservemasmnaturalmpainkillers.mWemwillmbem ablem tomcreatem amsecondm‘greenmrev
olution’minmagriculturemtomproducemnew mhigh-yield,mdisease-resistant,mself-
mfertilizingmcrops.mGenemsplicingmhas mthempotentialm tomsynthesizemnew msubstances mwemcanmsubstitutemformoil,mcoal,mandmothermraw mmaterials—
keys mtomamself-msustainingmsociety."
—JohnmNaisbitt,mMegatrends
Argument.
6. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
Computers mwillmnevermbemablemtomconversem intelligently mthroughmspeech.mAmsimplemexamplemproves mthatm thismismso.mThemsentences m"How
mdomyoumrecognizemspeech?"mandm"How mdomyoumwreckmamnicembeach?"msoundmjustm themsamemwhenmtheym aremspoken,mbutm theymmeanmsomet
hingmdifferent.mAmcomputermcouldmnotmdistinguishmthem two.
Argument.
7. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
You’dmbettermnotmpetmthatmdog.mShemlooks mfriendly,mbutmshe’s mbeenmknownmtombi
te.mArgument.
8. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
Itmis mobvious mwhymsomemmenmhavemtroublemunderstandingmwhymwomenmbecomemupsetmovermpornography.mPornographymdepicts mwomenm asmservan
tsmormslaves,mandmmenmcannotmconceivemofm themselves minm this mrole.
,Argument.
, 9. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
Imdon’tmcaremhow mwellmThompsonmplayedmlastmweek.mIfmhemmisses mpracticemonemmorem time,mhe’s mnotmgoingm tomplaym inmthem tournament,mandmt
hat’s mthat.mNomargument.mThemspeakermismonlym making mamfirmmclaim,mnotmsupportingmitmwithmreasons.
10. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
Exceptmmaybemformfinancemandmbusiness mlaw,mschools mofmbusiness mreallymdon’tmhavemverymmuchmofmtheirmownmsubjectmmatter mtomteachmtomstudent
s.mAllmthemrestmismreallymmathematics,mpsychology, mEnglish,mspeech,m andmother mstandard msubjects mthat mbusiness mschools mcallmbymothermnames.
Argument.
11. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
Rightmnow mtheremaremasmmanymas mhalfmammillionm military-
stylemassaultmgunsminmthemhandsmofmprivatemcitizensminm themUnitedmStates.mThesemsmall,mlight,m easy-mto-
handlemweapons maremexemplifiedmbymthemIsraelimUZI,m themAmerican mMAC-10mandmAR-15,mandmthem KG-
99.mAllmofmthesemaremsophisticatedmweapons mmanufacturedmformthemsinglempurposemofmkillingmhuman mbeingsmin mlargemnumbersmverymquickly.
Nomargument.
12. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"Itmis mbettermtombemamhumanmbeingmdissatisfiedm thanma mpigmsatisfied;mbettermtombemSocrates mdissatisfiedm thanmamfoolmsatisfied.mAndmifm themfool,morm
thempig,maremofmamdifferentmopinion,m itmismbecausem theymonlymknow mtheirmownmsidemof mthemquestion."
—
JohnmStuartmMill,mUtilitarianismmN
omargument.
13. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"Thempersonalmcomputermrevolutionmismmarkedmbymaccidentalm discoveries.mThem entiremmarketmformthesem thingsmwasmambigmsurprisemtom allm thempion
eersmwhomputmsimplemadsminmhobbyistmmagazinesmand mweremstunned mbymanmonslaughtmofm eager mcustomers."
—
JohnmC.mDvorakmN
omargument.
14. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"Themmainmdangermofmwar,mevenmofmamwarmfoughtmwithmconventionalmweapons,mlies minmits munpredictability."
—AnatolymGromyko,m"SecuritymformAllminmthemNuclearmAge,"minmBreakthrough
Nomargument.
15. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"ThemrecentmfailuremofmamDrakemUniversitymstudentmtomhaltmhis mformermgirlfriend’s mplanmformanmabortionmfocuses mlightmonmamseldommconsideredmsit
uation:mWhilemamwoman’s mrightmtoman mabortionmshouldmnot mbemweakened,m them ideamof m‘fathers’mrights’mraisedminm thismcasemshouldmbemdiscussed."
—ThemDailymIowan
Nomargument.
16. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"IfmAmericanmbusiness mismtomregainmanmadvantageous mpositionm inmtheminternational mmarketplace,m itm mustmrecreatemam climatemofmflexibilitymandment
repreneurship.mUnfortunately,mthemtrendmismtomseekmpersonalmsuccess mnotmthroughm entrepreneurshipmbutmthroughmprofessionalism,m asmamcontinuedmc
limbminmthemnumbermofmadvancedmdegreesmin mbusiness mandmlaw mconfirms.mIf mthismtendency mtomseek mpersonalmsecurity mandmprestigemby mjoiningm th
emranks mofmthemprofessionallymcomfortablemcontinues,m themrealmwinners mwillmbemAmerica’s moverseas mcompetitors."
—
IrvingmGreenbergm
Argument.
17. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
Test Bank
m
1. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
Willmambeveragembeginmtomcoolmmore mquicklyminm themfreezermorminm themregularmpartmof mthemrefrigerator? mWell,mofm coursemit’ll mcoolmfasterm inmthemf
reezer!mTheremaremlots mofmpeoplemwhomdon’tmunderstandmanythingmatm allm aboutmphysics m andmwhomthinkmthings mmaymbeginmtom coolmfasterminmthe mfri
dge.mButmthey’remsadlymmistaken.
Nomargument.mClearly,mourmspeakermhasmanmopinionmonmthemsubject,mbutmnomargumentm is mgiven.
2. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
It’smtruemthatmyoumcanmusemyourmtelevisionmsetmtom tellmwhenmamtornadomismapproaching.m Themreasonmismthatmtornadoes mmakem anmelectricalmdisturb
anceminm them55m megahertz mrange,mwhichmismclosemtomthembandmassigned mtomchannelm2.mIfmyoumknow mhow mtomdom it,myoumcanmget myourmsetmtompick
mupmthemcurrentmgivenmoffmbymthemtwister.mSomyourmtelevision msetmcanmbemyour mwarningmdevicemthatmtells myoumwhenm tomdivemformthemcellar.
—AdaptedmfrommCecilmAdams,mThemStraightmDope
This mpassagemmightmbemtakenmasmanm explanation,mbutmitm ismalsomanmargument,msincemitmis mclearlymdesignedm tomconvincemusmthat mitsmmainmpointmis mc
orrect.
3. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
SomemofmthesemguysmwhomdomElvis mPresleymimitations mactuallympaym moremformtheirmoutfits mthanmElvis mpaidmformhis!mAnybodymwhomwouldm spend
mthousands mjustmsomhemcanmspendmamfew mminutes mnotmfoolingm anybodymintomthinkingmhe’s m Elvis mis mnuts.
Nomargument.mNomconnectionmismmadembetweenmthemcostmofmthemoutfits mandm thempsychologicalmdeficiencies mofmElvis mimpersonators.
4. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"Themargumentmadvancedmatmamrecentmgovernmentmhearing—
thatmbecausemwemwillmnotmbemdependentmonmplutoniummformmoremthanm amfewmhundredmyears mitm‘willmnot mbeman mimportantmproblem mindefinitely’—
entirelymmisses mthempoint.mThoughmwemmaymrelymonmplutoniummformonly mamrelativelymbrief mperiod,m themplutoniummproducedmduringm thatmperiodm
maymbemwithmus mindefinitely,mandmitmmay mjeopardizemthe mlives mofmmanym times mthe mnumbermof mgenerations mthatmprofitmfrommitsmuse."
—
RonaldmM.mGreen,m"InternationalmJusticemandmEnvironmentalmResponsibility"mAr
gument.
5. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"Genemsplicingmismthemmostmawesomemandmpowerfulmskillmacquired mbymman msincem themsplittingmofmthematom.mIfmpursuedmhumanistically,m itsmpoten
tialmtomservemhumanitymismenormous.mWemwill musemit mtomsynthesizem expensive mnaturalmproducts—
interferon,msubstances msuchmasminsulin,mandmhumanmendorphins m thatmservemasmnaturalmpainkillers.mWemwillmbem ablem tomcreatem amsecondm‘greenmrev
olution’minmagriculturemtomproducemnew mhigh-yield,mdisease-resistant,mself-
mfertilizingmcrops.mGenemsplicingmhas mthempotentialm tomsynthesizemnew msubstances mwemcanmsubstitutemformoil,mcoal,mandmothermraw mmaterials—
keys mtomamself-msustainingmsociety."
—JohnmNaisbitt,mMegatrends
Argument.
6. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
Computers mwillmnevermbemablemtomconversem intelligently mthroughmspeech.mAmsimplemexamplemproves mthatm thismismso.mThemsentences m"How
mdomyoumrecognizemspeech?"mandm"How mdomyoumwreckmamnicembeach?"msoundmjustm themsamemwhenmtheym aremspoken,mbutm theymmeanmsomet
hingmdifferent.mAmcomputermcouldmnotmdistinguishmthem two.
Argument.
7. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
You’dmbettermnotmpetmthatmdog.mShemlooks mfriendly,mbutmshe’s mbeenmknownmtombi
te.mArgument.
8. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
Itmis mobvious mwhymsomemmenmhavemtroublemunderstandingmwhymwomenmbecomemupsetmovermpornography.mPornographymdepicts mwomenm asmservan
tsmormslaves,mandmmenmcannotmconceivemofm themselves minm this mrole.
,Argument.
, 9. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
Imdon’tmcaremhow mwellmThompsonmplayedmlastmweek.mIfmhemmisses mpracticemonemmorem time,mhe’s mnotmgoingm tomplaym inmthem tournament,mandmt
hat’s mthat.mNomargument.mThemspeakermismonlym making mamfirmmclaim,mnotmsupportingmitmwithmreasons.
10. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
Exceptmmaybemformfinancemandmbusiness mlaw,mschools mofmbusiness mreallymdon’tmhavemverymmuchmofmtheirmownmsubjectmmatter mtomteachmtomstudent
s.mAllmthemrestmismreallymmathematics,mpsychology, mEnglish,mspeech,m andmother mstandard msubjects mthat mbusiness mschools mcallmbymothermnames.
Argument.
11. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
Rightmnow mtheremaremasmmanymas mhalfmammillionm military-
stylemassaultmgunsminmthemhandsmofmprivatemcitizensminm themUnitedmStates.mThesemsmall,mlight,m easy-mto-
handlemweapons maremexemplifiedmbymthemIsraelimUZI,m themAmerican mMAC-10mandmAR-15,mandmthem KG-
99.mAllmofmthesemaremsophisticatedmweapons mmanufacturedmformthemsinglempurposemofmkillingmhuman mbeingsmin mlargemnumbersmverymquickly.
Nomargument.
12. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"Itmis mbettermtombemamhumanmbeingmdissatisfiedm thanma mpigmsatisfied;mbettermtombemSocrates mdissatisfiedm thanmamfoolmsatisfied.mAndmifm themfool,morm
thempig,maremofmamdifferentmopinion,m itmismbecausem theymonlymknow mtheirmownmsidemof mthemquestion."
—
JohnmStuartmMill,mUtilitarianismmN
omargument.
13. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"Thempersonalmcomputermrevolutionmismmarkedmbymaccidentalm discoveries.mThem entiremmarketmformthesem thingsmwasmambigmsurprisemtom allm thempion
eersmwhomputmsimplemadsminmhobbyistmmagazinesmand mweremstunned mbymanmonslaughtmofm eager mcustomers."
—
JohnmC.mDvorakmN
omargument.
14. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"Themmainmdangermofmwar,mevenmofmamwarmfoughtmwithmconventionalmweapons,mlies minmits munpredictability."
—AnatolymGromyko,m"SecuritymformAllminmthemNuclearmAge,"minmBreakthrough
Nomargument.
15. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"ThemrecentmfailuremofmamDrakemUniversitymstudentmtomhaltmhis mformermgirlfriend’s mplanmformanmabortionmfocuses mlightmonmamseldommconsideredmsit
uation:mWhilemamwoman’s mrightmtoman mabortionmshouldmnot mbemweakened,m them ideamof m‘fathers’mrights’mraisedminm thismcasemshouldmbemdiscussed."
—ThemDailymIowan
Nomargument.
16. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
"IfmAmericanmbusiness mismtomregainmanmadvantageous mpositionm inmtheminternational mmarketplace,m itm mustmrecreatemam climatemofmflexibilitymandment
repreneurship.mUnfortunately,mthemtrendmismtomseekmpersonalmsuccess mnotmthroughm entrepreneurshipmbutmthroughmprofessionalism,m asmamcontinuedmc
limbminmthemnumbermofmadvancedmdegreesmin mbusiness mandmlaw mconfirms.mIf mthismtendency mtomseek mpersonalmsecurity mandmprestigemby mjoiningm th
emranks mofmthemprofessionallymcomfortablemcontinues,m themrealmwinners mwillmbemAmerica’s moverseas mcompetitors."
—
IrvingmGreenbergm
Argument.
17. Determinemwhethermthemfollowingmpassagemism(ormcontains)manmargument.
