Test Bank for Introduction to Health Care, 6th Edition by Lee Haroun.pdf

introduction to health care m m m




whatmis mhealth?

● traditionally,mhealthmwas mdefined minmterms mof mthempresencemormabsence mof mdisease
● being mfreemfrommsymptoms mof mdisease mand mpainmas mmuchmas mpossible
● being mablemto mactivatemand mto mdo mwhat mthey mwant mormmust
● being minmgood mspirits mmost mof mthemtime

whatmis mwellness?

● is manmactivemprocess mby mwhichmanmindividual mprogressesmtowards mmaximummpotential mpossible,mregardlessmof m
current mstatemof mhealth
● sevenmdimensions mof mwellness
○ physical
○ social
○ emotional
○ intellectual
○ spiritual
○ occupational
○ environmental

whatmis millness?

● amhighly mpersonal mstate
● themperson’s memotional,mintellectual,msocial,mdevelopmental m ormspiritual m functioning m is mdiminished
● two mmajormclassifications mof millness
○ acutemillness

■ amdisruptionminmfunctional mability musually mcharacterized mby mamrapid monset,mintensemmanifestations,m
and mamrelatively mshort mduration
■ arem usually m reversible
■ ex.minfluenza
○ chronicm illness

■ amdisruptionminmfunctional mability musually mcharacterized mby mamgradual monset mwithmlifelong mchanges
mthat mare musually mirreversible

■ last mamlong mtime,mfrequently mthroughout mthemindividual’s mlife
■ ex.marthritis
■ itm is m characterized m by:
□ remission
● period mduring mwhichmthemdisease mis mcontrolled mand msymptoms maremnot mobvious
□ exacerbation

● themdisease mbecomes mmoremactivemagainmat mamfuturemtime,mwithmrecurre nce mof mprono
unced msymptoms

whatmis mamdisease?

● anmalterationminmbody mfunctions mresulting minmamreductionmof mcapacities mormshortening mof mthemnormal mlifemspan

, ● am pathologicm changem inm them structure m and m functionm of m them body m orm mind

health m status

● statemof mhealthmof mampersonmat mamgivenmtime
● reflected m by m blood m pressure,m respiratory m rate,m laboratory m tests,m etc.

health m beliefs

● concepts mabout mhealthm that manm individual m believes
● examples
○ sleeping m withm wet m hairm causes m blindness
○ eating mamwell-balanced mdiet mmakes mampersonmhealthy

health m behavior

● themactions mthat mpeoplemtakemto munderstand mtheirmhealthmstate,mmaintainmanmoptimal mlevel mof mhealth,mprevent
millness mand minjury mand mreachmtheirmmaximummphysical mand mmental m healthmpotential


riskmfactors

● refers m tom themconditionsmorm am factorm thatm increasesm them tendencym orm probabilitym ofm am personm havingmam d
iseasem ormbeing mill
● thempresencemof mrisk mfactorsmdoes mnotmmeanm that mamdisease mwillm develop,mbut mriskmfactorsmincrease mthe mchan
ces m that mthem individual m will m experience m am particularm dysfunction
● risk m factors m of m am disease
○ geneticmand m physiological m factors
○ age
○ environment
○ lifestyle


definition m ofm terms

● morbidity
○ conditionm of m being m diseased

● morbidity m rate
○ themproportionmof mdiseasemto mhealthminmamcommunity
● mortality
○ conditionm ormquality m of m being msubject mto m death
● epidemiology

○ study mof mpatterns mof mhealthmand mdisease,mits moccurrencemand mdistributionminmman,mformthempurposemof m
control mand mpreventionmof mdisease
● susceptibility
○ themdegreemof mresistance mthempotential mhost mhas magainst mthempathogen
● etiologicm agent
○ onemthat mpossesses mthempotential mformproducing minjury mormdisease
○ ex.mstreptococcus

● virulence
○ relative mpowermof mthemdegree mof mpathogenecity mof mtheminvading mmicroorganism,mthemability mto mproduce

, poisons mthat mrepel mormdestroy mphagocytes
● pathology
○ thembranchmof mmedicinemwhichmdeals mwithmthem cause,m nat ure ,mtreat me nt mand mresultant mstructural mand mf
unctional mchanges mof mdisease
● sign
○ anmobjectivemdatamormobjective mevidence mormphysical mmanifestationmmademapparent mby mspecial mmethods
mof mexaminationmormuse mof msenses

● symptom

○ any mdisordermof mappearance,msensationmormfunctionmexperienced mby mthempatient mindicative mof mamcertainm
phasemof mdisease
○ subjective minmnature
● syndrome
○ amgroup mof msigns mand msymptoms mwhichmwhenmconsidered mtogethermcharacterize mamdisease
● pathogenesis
○ method mof moriginmand mdevelopment mof mdisease mincluding msequence mof mprocesses mormevents mfrommincepti
onmto mthemdevelopment mof mcharacteristicmlesionmormdisease
● diagnosis
○ art mormact mof mdetermining mthemnaturemof mamdisease,mrecognitionmof mamdiseased mstate
● prognosis
○ predictionmof mcoursemand mend mof mdisease,mmedical mopinionmto m themoutcomemof mdisease mprocess
● recovery
○ implies mthat mampersonmhas mno mobservable mormknowmaftermeffects mfrommhis millness



models m o f mh e alt h m an d m w elln ess

● clinical m model
○ them narrowest m interpretationm of m health

○ peoplemaremviewed mas mphysiologicmsystems mwithmrelated mfunctions mand mhealthmis midentified mby mthemabse
ncemof msigns mand msymptoms mof mdisease morminjury
○ healthmis mconsidered mas mthemstate m ofm not mbeingm‘sick’
○ inm denial m of m sickness
● rolemperformance mmodel
○ healthmis mdefined minmterms mof mthemindividual’smabilitymtomfulfillmsocietalmroles,m that mis mtomperformmhis/her
mwork

○ peoplemwho mcanmfulfill mtheirmroles maremhealthy mevenmif mthey mhavemclinical millness
○ example

■ ammanmwho mworks mall mday mat mhis mjob mas mexpected mis mhealthy mevenmthroughmanmx-
ray mof mhis mlung mindicates mamtumor
■ itmis massumed minmthis mmodel mthat msickness mis mtheminabilitym tom perform m one’s mwork mrole
● adaptive mmodel
○ healthm is mam creative mprocess;mdisease m is ma m failure minm adaptation
○ aimmof mtreatment:mto mrestoremthemability mof mthempersonmto madapt,mthat mis mto mcope
● eudemonisticm model