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t t t t t t t t t t t t
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Chaptert02:tFill-in-the-Blank
1. Thetgenestontthetchromosomestintthetnucleustof teachtcelltinstruct tthetcellttotmanufacturetthet
tneeded ttotsustaintlifetand tdevelopment.
ANSWER:t proteins
2. Thet
ontthetchromosomestintthetnucleustof teachtcelltinstruct tthetcellttotmanufacturetthetproteinstneeded ttotsustaintlif
etand tdevelopment.
ANSWER:t genes
3. Almost teverythumantbodytcelltcontainst chromosomes.
ANSWER:t 46
4. Eachtvariationtof tatgenetistcalled ta(n)t .
ANSWER:t allele
5. Alltimportant thumantcharacteristicstaret ,tincludingtdiseasestknownttotbetinherited.
ANSWER:t epigenetic
6. refersttotalltthetmicrobestthat tlivetwithinteverytpart tof tthetbody.
ANSWER:t Microbiome
7. Whentatspermtand tantovumtcombine,ttheytcreatetatnew tsingletcelltcalled tat" ."
ANSWER:t zygote
8. Genestwithtvarioustrepeatstortdeletionstof tbasetpairstaretcalled t" ."
ANSWER:t copy tnumbertvariations
9. A tperson'stcollectiontof tgenestistreferred ttotastthat tperson'st" ."
ANSWER:t genotype
10. Int22tof tthet23tpairstof tchromosomes,tbothtmemberstof teachtpairtaretcloselytmatched.tEachtof ttheset44tchrom
osomestistcalled ta(n)t" ."
ANSWER:t autosome
11. Thetfirst t22tchromosomestcontainthundredstof tgenestintthetsametpositionstand tsequence.tIf tthetcodetof tthetgenetf
romtonetparent tistexactlyt liketthetcodetontthetsametgenetfromtthetothertparent,tthetgenetpairtist
.tANSWER:t homozygous
12. Thetfirst t22tchromosomestcontainthundredstof tgenestintthetsametpositionstand tsequence.tIf tthetcodetoftthetgenetf
romtonetparent tdifferstfromtthetcodetontthetsametgenetfromtthetothertparent,tthetgenetpairtist
.tANSWER:t heterozygous
13. If tthet23rd tpairtof tchromosomestist ,tthetindividualtwilltbetfemale.
ANSWER:t XX
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Chaptert02:tFill-in-the-Blank
14. Tamikatlearned tintherthightschooltsciencetclasstthat tatfemalethasta(n)t ontthet23rd tpairtof
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Chaptert02:tFill-in-the-Blank
chromosomes.
ANSWER:t XX
15. If tthet23rd tpairtof tchromosomestist ,tthetindividualtwilltbetmale.
ANSWER:t XY
16. Salmantlearned tinthisthightschooltsciencetclasstthat tatmalethasta(n)t
ontthet23rd tpairtof tchromosomes.
ANSWER:t XY
17. Michelletand tThomastarethavingtatbabytand tarethopingtfortatboy.tThetsextof tthetdevelopingtbabytdependstontthet
chromosomaltcontributiontof t .
ANSWER:t Thomas
18. Onetnationtthat tforbidstprenataltsextselectiontist .
ANSWER:t China
19. Everytsextdifferencetistinfluenced tbyt .
ANSWER:t culturet(environment)t(nurture)
20. Identicalttwinstaretalsotcalled t twins.
ANSWER:t monozygotic
21. Territand tTinataretthetresult tof tonetovumtfertilized tbytonetspermtthat tsplit tintottwotzygotes.tTerritand tTinataret
.
ANSWER:t identical ttwins t(monozygotic ttwins)
22. Fraternalttwinstaretalsotcalled t twins.
ANSWER:t dizygotic
23. Andrew tand tAshleytaretthetresult tof ttwotseparatetovatthat tweretfertilized tbyttwotseparatetspermtat troughlytthetsa
mettime.tAndrew tand tAshleytaret .
ANSWER:t f raternalttwins t(dizygotic ttwins)
24. Oldertwomentaretmoretlikelyttotdouble-ovulate.tAstatresult,ttheytaretmoretlikelyttothavet .
ANSWER:t twins
25. Atperson'stappearance,tbehavior,tand tbraintand tbodytfunctionstcombinettotformtthet .
ANSWER:t phenotype
26. Attrait tliketpersonalitytist ,tortaffected tbytmanytgenes.
ANSWER:t polygenic
27. refersttotattrait tthat tistaffectedtbytmanytfactors,tbothtgenetictand tenvironmental,tthat tenhance,thalt,tshap
e,tortaltertthetexpressiontof tgenes,tresultingtintatphenotypetthat tmaytdiffertmarkedlytfromtthetgenotype.
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Chaptert02:tFill-in-the-Blank
ANSWER:t Multi-f actorial
28. Suanthastinherited tgenestthat tput thimtat trisktfortdevelopingtdiabetes.tHowever,tSuantnevertdevelopstdiabetest
duettotathealthytdiet tand texercise.tThistexampletdemonstratestthat thumantcharacteristics,tincludingtdiabetes,taret
.
ANSWER:t epigenetic
29. Thet istantinternationalteffort ttotmaptthetcompletethumantgenetictcode.
ANSWER:t HumantGenometProject
30. Whenttheteffectstof tgenestadd tupttotinfluencetthetphenotype,ttheytaretcalled t" genes."
ANSWER:t additive
31. Height tistprobablytinfluenced tbyt genes,teachtcontributingtatverytsmalltamount.
ANSWER:t 180t(additive)
32. Thetinteractiontof tatheterozygoustpairtof tallelestintsuchtatwaytthat tthetphenotypetreflectstonetalleletmoretthantt
hetothertistreferred ttotastat" ."
ANSWER:t dominant-recessivetpattern
33. Whentsomeonetinheritstatrecessivetgenetthat tistnot texpressed,tthat tpersontista(n)t of tthat tgene.
ANSWER:t carrier
34. Atspecialtcasetof tthetdominant–recessivetpatterntoccurstwithtgenestthat taretX-linked tortlocated tontthe
chromosome.
ANSWER:t X
35. Malestinherit tX-linked tdisorderstfromtthet .
ANSWER:t mother
36. Duringtdifferentiation,tcellstspecialize,ttakingtdifferent tformstand treproducingtat tvarioustrates,tdependingtont
wherettheytaretlocated.tTheytaretnotlongertomnipotent t
that tcould tdeveloptintotatnew tperson.tANSWER:t stemtcells
37. Aftertabout ttheteight-celltstagetwithintthetzygote,tcellststart ttot
,tmeaningtthat ttheyttaketdifferent tformstand treproducetat tvarioustrates,tdependingtontwherettheytaretlocated.
ANSWER:t dif f erentiate
38. istthetprocesstintwhichtthetdevelopingtorganismtembedstitself tintotthetliningtof tthetuterus.
ANSWER:t Implantation
39. istthetnametfortatdevelopingthumantorganismtfromtabout tthetthird tweektthroughttheteighthtweektaftert
conception.
ANSWER:t Embryo
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t t t t t t t t t t t t
Name: Class: Date:
Chaptert02:tFill-in-the-Blank
1. Thetgenestontthetchromosomestintthetnucleustof teachtcelltinstruct tthetcellttotmanufacturetthet
tneeded ttotsustaintlifetand tdevelopment.
ANSWER:t proteins
2. Thet
ontthetchromosomestintthetnucleustof teachtcelltinstruct tthetcellttotmanufacturetthetproteinstneeded ttotsustaintlif
etand tdevelopment.
ANSWER:t genes
3. Almost teverythumantbodytcelltcontainst chromosomes.
ANSWER:t 46
4. Eachtvariationtof tatgenetistcalled ta(n)t .
ANSWER:t allele
5. Alltimportant thumantcharacteristicstaret ,tincludingtdiseasestknownttotbetinherited.
ANSWER:t epigenetic
6. refersttotalltthetmicrobestthat tlivetwithinteverytpart tof tthetbody.
ANSWER:t Microbiome
7. Whentatspermtand tantovumtcombine,ttheytcreatetatnew tsingletcelltcalled tat" ."
ANSWER:t zygote
8. Genestwithtvarioustrepeatstortdeletionstof tbasetpairstaretcalled t" ."
ANSWER:t copy tnumbertvariations
9. A tperson'stcollectiontof tgenestistreferred ttotastthat tperson'st" ."
ANSWER:t genotype
10. Int22tof tthet23tpairstof tchromosomes,tbothtmemberstof teachtpairtaretcloselytmatched.tEachtof ttheset44tchrom
osomestistcalled ta(n)t" ."
ANSWER:t autosome
11. Thetfirst t22tchromosomestcontainthundredstof tgenestintthetsametpositionstand tsequence.tIf tthetcodetof tthetgenetf
romtonetparent tistexactlyt liketthetcodetontthetsametgenetfromtthetothertparent,tthetgenetpairtist
.tANSWER:t homozygous
12. Thetfirst t22tchromosomestcontainthundredstof tgenestintthetsametpositionstand tsequence.tIf tthetcodetoftthetgenetf
romtonetparent tdifferstfromtthetcodetontthetsametgenetfromtthetothertparent,tthetgenetpairtist
.tANSWER:t heterozygous
13. If tthet23rd tpairtof tchromosomestist ,tthetindividualtwilltbetfemale.
ANSWER:t XX
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t t t t t t t t t t t t
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Chaptert02:tFill-in-the-Blank
14. Tamikatlearned tintherthightschooltsciencetclasstthat tatfemalethasta(n)t ontthet23rd tpairtof
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t t t t t t t t t t t t
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Chaptert02:tFill-in-the-Blank
chromosomes.
ANSWER:t XX
15. If tthet23rd tpairtof tchromosomestist ,tthetindividualtwilltbetmale.
ANSWER:t XY
16. Salmantlearned tinthisthightschooltsciencetclasstthat tatmalethasta(n)t
ontthet23rd tpairtof tchromosomes.
ANSWER:t XY
17. Michelletand tThomastarethavingtatbabytand tarethopingtfortatboy.tThetsextof tthetdevelopingtbabytdependstontthet
chromosomaltcontributiontof t .
ANSWER:t Thomas
18. Onetnationtthat tforbidstprenataltsextselectiontist .
ANSWER:t China
19. Everytsextdifferencetistinfluenced tbyt .
ANSWER:t culturet(environment)t(nurture)
20. Identicalttwinstaretalsotcalled t twins.
ANSWER:t monozygotic
21. Territand tTinataretthetresult tof tonetovumtfertilized tbytonetspermtthat tsplit tintottwotzygotes.tTerritand tTinataret
.
ANSWER:t identical ttwins t(monozygotic ttwins)
22. Fraternalttwinstaretalsotcalled t twins.
ANSWER:t dizygotic
23. Andrew tand tAshleytaretthetresult tof ttwotseparatetovatthat tweretfertilized tbyttwotseparatetspermtat troughlytthetsa
mettime.tAndrew tand tAshleytaret .
ANSWER:t f raternalttwins t(dizygotic ttwins)
24. Oldertwomentaretmoretlikelyttotdouble-ovulate.tAstatresult,ttheytaretmoretlikelyttothavet .
ANSWER:t twins
25. Atperson'stappearance,tbehavior,tand tbraintand tbodytfunctionstcombinettotformtthet .
ANSWER:t phenotype
26. Attrait tliketpersonalitytist ,tortaffected tbytmanytgenes.
ANSWER:t polygenic
27. refersttotattrait tthat tistaffectedtbytmanytfactors,tbothtgenetictand tenvironmental,tthat tenhance,thalt,tshap
e,tortaltertthetexpressiontof tgenes,tresultingtintatphenotypetthat tmaytdiffertmarkedlytfromtthetgenotype.
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t t t t t t t t t t t t
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Chaptert02:tFill-in-the-Blank
ANSWER:t Multi-f actorial
28. Suanthastinherited tgenestthat tput thimtat trisktfortdevelopingtdiabetes.tHowever,tSuantnevertdevelopstdiabetest
duettotathealthytdiet tand texercise.tThistexampletdemonstratestthat thumantcharacteristics,tincludingtdiabetes,taret
.
ANSWER:t epigenetic
29. Thet istantinternationalteffort ttotmaptthetcompletethumantgenetictcode.
ANSWER:t HumantGenometProject
30. Whenttheteffectstof tgenestadd tupttotinfluencetthetphenotype,ttheytaretcalled t" genes."
ANSWER:t additive
31. Height tistprobablytinfluenced tbyt genes,teachtcontributingtatverytsmalltamount.
ANSWER:t 180t(additive)
32. Thetinteractiontof tatheterozygoustpairtof tallelestintsuchtatwaytthat tthetphenotypetreflectstonetalleletmoretthantt
hetothertistreferred ttotastat" ."
ANSWER:t dominant-recessivetpattern
33. Whentsomeonetinheritstatrecessivetgenetthat tistnot texpressed,tthat tpersontista(n)t of tthat tgene.
ANSWER:t carrier
34. Atspecialtcasetof tthetdominant–recessivetpatterntoccurstwithtgenestthat taretX-linked tortlocated tontthe
chromosome.
ANSWER:t X
35. Malestinherit tX-linked tdisorderstfromtthet .
ANSWER:t mother
36. Duringtdifferentiation,tcellstspecialize,ttakingtdifferent tformstand treproducingtat tvarioustrates,tdependingtont
wherettheytaretlocated.tTheytaretnotlongertomnipotent t
that tcould tdeveloptintotatnew tperson.tANSWER:t stemtcells
37. Aftertabout ttheteight-celltstagetwithintthetzygote,tcellststart ttot
,tmeaningtthat ttheyttaketdifferent tformstand treproducetat tvarioustrates,tdependingtontwherettheytaretlocated.
ANSWER:t dif f erentiate
38. istthetprocesstintwhichtthetdevelopingtorganismtembedstitself tintotthetliningtof tthetuterus.
ANSWER:t Implantation
39. istthetnametfortatdevelopingthumantorganismtfromtabout tthetthird tweektthroughttheteighthtweektaftert
conception.
ANSWER:t Embryo
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