,Chapter 01: The Evolution of Professional Nursing
f f f f f f
Cherry & Jacob: Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, and Management, 7thE
f f f f f f f f f f
dition
MULTIPLEfCHOICE
1. ClarafBartonfisfknownffor:
a. becomingftheffirstfblackfpublicfhealthfnurse.
b. establishingfthefHenryfStreetfSettlement.
c. foundingfthefAmericanfRedfCross.
d. publicizingfthefinadequaciesfoffhospital-basedfnursingfschools.
ANS:f C
ThefAmericanfRedfCross,ffoundedfbyfClarafBartonfinf1882,fassistedfinfeffortsftofcontinuefpub
licfhealthfnursing.
DIF: Knowledge REF:f p.f11
2. Studentsfarefassignedftofwriteftoftheirfstatefleadersfaboutfanfissuefaffectingftheirfcommunity.fOn
efstudentfwritesfaboutfthefneedfamongfruralfcommunityfforfgreaterfaccessftofacutefcarefservices.f
Whichfofftheffollowingfpiecesfofflegislationfshouldfthefstudentfusefasfafreference?
a. SocialfSecurityfAct
b. Hill-BurtonfAct
c. Sheppard-TownerfAct
d. U.S.fCivilfServicefAct
ANS:f B
ThefpurposefoffthefHill-
BurtonfActfwasftofprovideffundingftofconstructfhospitalsfandftofhelpfstatesfinfplanfforfotherfhealt
hfcareffacilitiesfinfaccordancefwithfthefneedsfoffcommunities.
DIF: Knowledge REF:f p.f13
3. ThefpracticefoffpublicfhealthfnursingfandfthefHenryfStreetfSettlementfarefcreditedfto:
a. MaryfBreckenridge.
b. MaryfSeacole.
c. ClarafBarton.
d. LillianfWald.
ANS:f D
LillianfWald,fafpioneerfinfpublicfhealthfnursing,fisfbestfknownfforfthefdevelopmentfandfesta
blishmentfoffthefHenryfStreetfSettlement.
DIF: Knowledge REF:f p.f6
4. Occupationalfhealthfnursingffeaturesfbeliefsfsimilarftofthosefoffwhichfearlyfnursingfpioneer?
a. LillianfWald
b. FlorencefNightingale
c. ClarafBarton
d. MaryfSeacole
ANS:f A
, LillianfWaldfdevelopedftheffirstfnursingfservicefforfoccupationalfhealth.
DIF: Comprehension REF:f p.f10
5. Whatfhistoricalfeventffirstfledftofthefrecognitionfoffthefcontributionfoffblacksftofnursing?
a. FlorencefNightingale’sfacceptancefoffblackfnursesfintoftheffirstfnursingfschool
b. ThefcontributionsfoffblackfnursesfatfthefPennsylvaniafHospital,ftheffirstfhospitalfinfA
merica
c. MaryfSeacole’sfeffortsftofcarefforfsoldiersfduringfthefCrimeanfWar
d. Thefworkfdonefbyfwivesfoffwealthyfblackfnoblesfwhofcarriedffoodfandfmedicineffro
mfhouseftofhousefduringfthefMiddlefAges
ANS:f C
AlthoughfNightingale’sfschoolfrefusedfSeacole,fshefwasfableftofmakefafdifferencefinfthefCri
meanfWarfandflaterfwasfrecognizedfforfherfefforts.
DIF: Comprehension REF:fffpp.f8-9
6. WorldfWarfIfcontributedftofthefadvancementfoffhealthfcarefby:
a. increasingfthefnumberfoffprivatefcarefhospitalsfandfdecreasingfthefrolefoffpublicfhe
althfservices.
b. employingfaflargefnumberfoffciviliansftofprovidefcareftofreturningfsoldiersfthroughfthef
RedfCross.
c. introducingfspecialistsfinfnursingfsuchfasfnursefanesthetists.
d. increasingfthefnumberfoffcommunityfhealthfnurses.
ANS:f C
WorldfWarfIfofferedfnursesfafchanceftofenterfintofnewffieldsfoffspecialization,fasfisfseenfinfthefexa
mplefoffnursefanesthetists,fwhofbecamefpartfoffsurgicalfteamsfatftheffrontflines.
DIF: Comprehension REF:f p.f11
7. ThefprimaryfpurposefoffthefSocialfSecurityfActfoff1935fwasfto:
a. increasefresearchfthatffocusedfonfminorityfgroups.
b. providefmedicalfcarefforfchemicallyfimpairedfpersons.
c. ensurefhealthfcarefforfolderfadultsfthroughfafnationalfinsurancefsystem.
d. decreasefthefpublic’sffinancialfburdenfbyflimitingfservicesfofferedfbyflocalfhealthfde
partments.
ANS:f C
Byfprovidingfhealthfinsurancefforfolderfadults,fthefSocialfSecurityfActfoff1935fsetfthefpreceden
tfforfthefpassagefoffthefMedicarefandfMedicaidfActsfthatffollowedfinf1965,fbutfthefactfalsofprovi
dedfmaternalfandfchildfwelfarefservices,frehabilitationfforfthefmentallyfandfphysicallyfchalleng
ed,fmedicalfcarefforfblindfindividualsfandfcrippledfchildren,fandfunemploymentfbenefits.
DIF: Comprehension REF:f p.f12
8. Afclientfasksfthefnurse,f“CanfyoufexplainfMedicare,fanfamendmentftofthefSocialfSecurityfAct
?”fThefnursefrespondsfthatfMedicare:
a. ledftofmanyfhospitalfclosings,falongfwithfafdecreasefinfacutefcarefhospital–
basedfnursingfcare.
, b. providedfmedicalfinsuranceftofthosefyoungerfadultsforfchildrenfwhofwerefnotfeli
giblefforfprivatefinsurancefbecausefoffcatastrophicfillnessesfsuchfasfcancer.
c. providedfpreventivefcarefforfwomen,finfants,fandfchildren.
d. ensuredfthatfindividualsfagesf65fandfolderfandfthosefwithfend-
stagefrenalfdiseaseforfpermanentfdisabilitiesfhadfhealthfcarefinsurance.
ANS:f D
ThefMedicarefprogramfprovidesfhospitalfinsurance,fPartfA,fandfmedicalfinsurance,fPartfB,ftofallf
peoplefagesf65fandfolderfwhofarefeligibleftofreceivefSocialfSecurityfbenefits;fpeoplefwithftotal,fp
ermanentfdisabilities;fandfpeoplefwithfend-stagefrenalfdisease.
DIF:fff Comprehension REF:f p.f14
9. Afcomparisonfoffnursingfinfthef1980sftofnursingfinfthef1990sfrevealsfthat:
a. infthef1990sfnursingfexperiencedfafsignificantfreductionfoccurredfinfpreventablefdi
seasesfcausedfbyfunsafe/unhealthyflifestyles.
b. tuberculosisfwasfthefprimaryfconcernfforfnursingfinfthef1980s,fwhereasfthefAIDSfepi
demicfemergedfandfwasfitsffocusfduringfthef1990s.
c. afdecreasefinfambulatoryfservicesfinfthef1980sfpromptedfanfincreasefinfpublicfhe
althfnursesfinfthef1990s.
d. thefdemandfforfadvancedfpracticefnursesfincreasedfinfthef1980sfandfthef1990sfasfafres
ultfoffthefeconomyfandfconcernfaboutfthefhealthfoffthefnation.
ANS:f D
Thefnumbersfoffadvancedfnursefpractitionersfincreasedfasfevidencefofftheirfcost-
effectivenessfasfprovidersfoffprimaryfandfpreventivefhealthfcarefbecamefestablished.
DIF:fff Comprehension REF:f pp.f16-17
10. Whichfstatementfaccuratelyfdescribesfthefhistoricalfperspectivefoffnursingfpractice?
a. Nursingfhasfexistedftofmeetfthefneedsfoffpopulations,findividuals,fandfaggregatesfbyfp
rovidingfcarefthatfisfdeterminedfbyfthefneedsfandfbeliefsfoffsocietyfinfdifferentfhistoric
alfcontexts.
b. Asfmenfbeganftofbecomefinterestedfinfnursing,fitfchangedfintofafrespectedfpro
fessionfbasedfonfscientificffactfratherfthanfsuperstition.
c. Nursingfhasfhistoricallyfacceptedfindividualsffromfallfsocialfandfethnicfba
ckgrounds.
d. ThefUnitedfStatesfhasfledfthefwayfthroughoutfhistoryftofadvancefnursingfandfhe
althfcarefbyfprovidingftheffirstfhospitalfandfmedicalfschool.
ANS:f A
Nursingfhasfexistedfsincefbiblicalftimesftofaddressfneedsfrangingffromfcontagiousfdiseasesfinfearl
yftimesftofhealthfpreventionfinfthefpresentftime,fwithfcarefbasedfonfhealthfneedsfandfbeliefsfoffthef
time.
DIF: Comprehension REF:f p.f3f|pp.f18-19
11. Thefusefoffherbsfhasfbecomefafpopularfalternativeftofprescriptionfdrugsfinftoday’sfhealthfcarefmili
eu.fDuringfwhichfotherfhistoricalfperiodsfdidfhealthfpracticesffocusfonfthefusefoffherbs?
a. PrehistoricftimesfandfthefMiddlefAges
b. CivilfWarfperiodfandfWorldfWarfI
f f f f f f
Cherry & Jacob: Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, and Management, 7thE
f f f f f f f f f f
dition
MULTIPLEfCHOICE
1. ClarafBartonfisfknownffor:
a. becomingftheffirstfblackfpublicfhealthfnurse.
b. establishingfthefHenryfStreetfSettlement.
c. foundingfthefAmericanfRedfCross.
d. publicizingfthefinadequaciesfoffhospital-basedfnursingfschools.
ANS:f C
ThefAmericanfRedfCross,ffoundedfbyfClarafBartonfinf1882,fassistedfinfeffortsftofcontinuefpub
licfhealthfnursing.
DIF: Knowledge REF:f p.f11
2. Studentsfarefassignedftofwriteftoftheirfstatefleadersfaboutfanfissuefaffectingftheirfcommunity.fOn
efstudentfwritesfaboutfthefneedfamongfruralfcommunityfforfgreaterfaccessftofacutefcarefservices.f
Whichfofftheffollowingfpiecesfofflegislationfshouldfthefstudentfusefasfafreference?
a. SocialfSecurityfAct
b. Hill-BurtonfAct
c. Sheppard-TownerfAct
d. U.S.fCivilfServicefAct
ANS:f B
ThefpurposefoffthefHill-
BurtonfActfwasftofprovideffundingftofconstructfhospitalsfandftofhelpfstatesfinfplanfforfotherfhealt
hfcareffacilitiesfinfaccordancefwithfthefneedsfoffcommunities.
DIF: Knowledge REF:f p.f13
3. ThefpracticefoffpublicfhealthfnursingfandfthefHenryfStreetfSettlementfarefcreditedfto:
a. MaryfBreckenridge.
b. MaryfSeacole.
c. ClarafBarton.
d. LillianfWald.
ANS:f D
LillianfWald,fafpioneerfinfpublicfhealthfnursing,fisfbestfknownfforfthefdevelopmentfandfesta
blishmentfoffthefHenryfStreetfSettlement.
DIF: Knowledge REF:f p.f6
4. Occupationalfhealthfnursingffeaturesfbeliefsfsimilarftofthosefoffwhichfearlyfnursingfpioneer?
a. LillianfWald
b. FlorencefNightingale
c. ClarafBarton
d. MaryfSeacole
ANS:f A
, LillianfWaldfdevelopedftheffirstfnursingfservicefforfoccupationalfhealth.
DIF: Comprehension REF:f p.f10
5. Whatfhistoricalfeventffirstfledftofthefrecognitionfoffthefcontributionfoffblacksftofnursing?
a. FlorencefNightingale’sfacceptancefoffblackfnursesfintoftheffirstfnursingfschool
b. ThefcontributionsfoffblackfnursesfatfthefPennsylvaniafHospital,ftheffirstfhospitalfinfA
merica
c. MaryfSeacole’sfeffortsftofcarefforfsoldiersfduringfthefCrimeanfWar
d. Thefworkfdonefbyfwivesfoffwealthyfblackfnoblesfwhofcarriedffoodfandfmedicineffro
mfhouseftofhousefduringfthefMiddlefAges
ANS:f C
AlthoughfNightingale’sfschoolfrefusedfSeacole,fshefwasfableftofmakefafdifferencefinfthefCri
meanfWarfandflaterfwasfrecognizedfforfherfefforts.
DIF: Comprehension REF:fffpp.f8-9
6. WorldfWarfIfcontributedftofthefadvancementfoffhealthfcarefby:
a. increasingfthefnumberfoffprivatefcarefhospitalsfandfdecreasingfthefrolefoffpublicfhe
althfservices.
b. employingfaflargefnumberfoffciviliansftofprovidefcareftofreturningfsoldiersfthroughfthef
RedfCross.
c. introducingfspecialistsfinfnursingfsuchfasfnursefanesthetists.
d. increasingfthefnumberfoffcommunityfhealthfnurses.
ANS:f C
WorldfWarfIfofferedfnursesfafchanceftofenterfintofnewffieldsfoffspecialization,fasfisfseenfinfthefexa
mplefoffnursefanesthetists,fwhofbecamefpartfoffsurgicalfteamsfatftheffrontflines.
DIF: Comprehension REF:f p.f11
7. ThefprimaryfpurposefoffthefSocialfSecurityfActfoff1935fwasfto:
a. increasefresearchfthatffocusedfonfminorityfgroups.
b. providefmedicalfcarefforfchemicallyfimpairedfpersons.
c. ensurefhealthfcarefforfolderfadultsfthroughfafnationalfinsurancefsystem.
d. decreasefthefpublic’sffinancialfburdenfbyflimitingfservicesfofferedfbyflocalfhealthfde
partments.
ANS:f C
Byfprovidingfhealthfinsurancefforfolderfadults,fthefSocialfSecurityfActfoff1935fsetfthefpreceden
tfforfthefpassagefoffthefMedicarefandfMedicaidfActsfthatffollowedfinf1965,fbutfthefactfalsofprovi
dedfmaternalfandfchildfwelfarefservices,frehabilitationfforfthefmentallyfandfphysicallyfchalleng
ed,fmedicalfcarefforfblindfindividualsfandfcrippledfchildren,fandfunemploymentfbenefits.
DIF: Comprehension REF:f p.f12
8. Afclientfasksfthefnurse,f“CanfyoufexplainfMedicare,fanfamendmentftofthefSocialfSecurityfAct
?”fThefnursefrespondsfthatfMedicare:
a. ledftofmanyfhospitalfclosings,falongfwithfafdecreasefinfacutefcarefhospital–
basedfnursingfcare.
, b. providedfmedicalfinsuranceftofthosefyoungerfadultsforfchildrenfwhofwerefnotfeli
giblefforfprivatefinsurancefbecausefoffcatastrophicfillnessesfsuchfasfcancer.
c. providedfpreventivefcarefforfwomen,finfants,fandfchildren.
d. ensuredfthatfindividualsfagesf65fandfolderfandfthosefwithfend-
stagefrenalfdiseaseforfpermanentfdisabilitiesfhadfhealthfcarefinsurance.
ANS:f D
ThefMedicarefprogramfprovidesfhospitalfinsurance,fPartfA,fandfmedicalfinsurance,fPartfB,ftofallf
peoplefagesf65fandfolderfwhofarefeligibleftofreceivefSocialfSecurityfbenefits;fpeoplefwithftotal,fp
ermanentfdisabilities;fandfpeoplefwithfend-stagefrenalfdisease.
DIF:fff Comprehension REF:f p.f14
9. Afcomparisonfoffnursingfinfthef1980sftofnursingfinfthef1990sfrevealsfthat:
a. infthef1990sfnursingfexperiencedfafsignificantfreductionfoccurredfinfpreventablefdi
seasesfcausedfbyfunsafe/unhealthyflifestyles.
b. tuberculosisfwasfthefprimaryfconcernfforfnursingfinfthef1980s,fwhereasfthefAIDSfepi
demicfemergedfandfwasfitsffocusfduringfthef1990s.
c. afdecreasefinfambulatoryfservicesfinfthef1980sfpromptedfanfincreasefinfpublicfhe
althfnursesfinfthef1990s.
d. thefdemandfforfadvancedfpracticefnursesfincreasedfinfthef1980sfandfthef1990sfasfafres
ultfoffthefeconomyfandfconcernfaboutfthefhealthfoffthefnation.
ANS:f D
Thefnumbersfoffadvancedfnursefpractitionersfincreasedfasfevidencefofftheirfcost-
effectivenessfasfprovidersfoffprimaryfandfpreventivefhealthfcarefbecamefestablished.
DIF:fff Comprehension REF:f pp.f16-17
10. Whichfstatementfaccuratelyfdescribesfthefhistoricalfperspectivefoffnursingfpractice?
a. Nursingfhasfexistedftofmeetfthefneedsfoffpopulations,findividuals,fandfaggregatesfbyfp
rovidingfcarefthatfisfdeterminedfbyfthefneedsfandfbeliefsfoffsocietyfinfdifferentfhistoric
alfcontexts.
b. Asfmenfbeganftofbecomefinterestedfinfnursing,fitfchangedfintofafrespectedfpro
fessionfbasedfonfscientificffactfratherfthanfsuperstition.
c. Nursingfhasfhistoricallyfacceptedfindividualsffromfallfsocialfandfethnicfba
ckgrounds.
d. ThefUnitedfStatesfhasfledfthefwayfthroughoutfhistoryftofadvancefnursingfandfhe
althfcarefbyfprovidingftheffirstfhospitalfandfmedicalfschool.
ANS:f A
Nursingfhasfexistedfsincefbiblicalftimesftofaddressfneedsfrangingffromfcontagiousfdiseasesfinfearl
yftimesftofhealthfpreventionfinfthefpresentftime,fwithfcarefbasedfonfhealthfneedsfandfbeliefsfoffthef
time.
DIF: Comprehension REF:f p.f3f|pp.f18-19
11. Thefusefoffherbsfhasfbecomefafpopularfalternativeftofprescriptionfdrugsfinftoday’sfhealthfcarefmili
eu.fDuringfwhichfotherfhistoricalfperiodsfdidfhealthfpracticesffocusfonfthefusefoffherbs?
a. PrehistoricftimesfandfthefMiddlefAges
b. CivilfWarfperiodfandfWorldfWarfI
