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Although most of you are preparing for the BACB certification exam, please know
that the material is based on the work of ________ and his science and philosophy
of human behavior. There are occasions where we may spend time on items that are
no longer specifically required for the exam, but we feel are required to be an
excellent behavior scientist. - ANSWER✅✅B.F. Skinner
The ________ is the only standardized form of data measurement in our science. In
this course, you will be charting your own behavior - specifically your daily study of
ABA terminology. - ANSWER✅✅Standard Celeration Chart (SCC)
The Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB) is the single governing body for
professionals in the field of _______. The BACB was established in 1998 to provide
certification to professionals in an effort to establish minimum criteria to be a
reactionary in the field. - ANSWER✅✅Applied Behavior Analysis
, The standard celeration chart is the only standardized form of data ______ in our
science. - ANSWER✅✅measurement
The word _______ refers to a systematic approach for seeking and organizing
knowledge about the natural world. - ANSWER✅✅systematic approach
Scientific investigations can yield information regarding the three levels of
understanding, which are _____ ,_______ , and _______. - ANSWER✅✅description,
prediction, control.
What is the purpose for this systematic approach? - ANSWER✅✅-To achieve a
thorough understanding of the phenomena under study.
-To seek to discover the real truths.
--so no bias by groups or organizations
--or by the scientists themselves.
_______ studies produce a collection of facts about the observed events that can be
quantified, classified, and examined for possible relations with other known facts.
(Can also suggest hypothesis, questions, or additional research ideas.) -
ANSWER✅✅Description
The highest level of scientific understanding is ________ . In this regard, we
specifically manipulate one event (the independent variable) in order to produce a
reliable change in another event (the dependent variable), and the change in the
dependent variable is not likely due to other extraneous factors (known as
confounding variables). This relationship is referred to as a _______. -
ANSWER✅✅Control; functional relationship
The _________ is the event in which we observe change. - ANSWER✅✅dependent
variable
What is a functional relationship? - ANSWER✅✅It exists when a well-controlled
experiment demonstrates that a specific change in one event (the dependent
variable) is reliably produced by specific manipulations of another event (the
independent variable), and that the change in the dependent variable was unlikely to
be the result of other extraneous factors (confounding variables).
The _______ is the event in which we manipulate. - ANSWER✅✅independent
variable
The "behavior" we wish to change in behavior analysis is known as the _________.
(2) - ANSWER✅✅dependent variable (2)
The "intervention" we employ in behavior analysis is known as the ________. (2) -
ANSWER✅✅independent variable (2)
, When we apply an intervention, we are manipulating the _______ . The change we
see in the target behavior is known as the ________. - ANSWER✅✅independent
variable; dependent variable
A _______ is demonstrated when we ________ the independent variable and see a
____ in the dependent variable and that change is not likely due to______. -
ANSWER✅✅functional relationship; manipulate; change; extraneous variables
______ is the assumption that the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which
phenomena occur as a result of other events. _______ is the objective observation
of the phenomena of interest. _______ is the repeating of experiments to determine
the reliability and usefulness of the findings. - ANSWER✅✅Determinism; Empiricism;
Replication
What is Determinism? - ANSWER✅✅-The idea that scientists follow that the
universe is a lawful and orderly place in which all phenomena occur as the result of
other events.
-Events do not occur at will.
-Events are related in systematic ways.
What is Accidentalism? - ANSWER✅✅The idea that events occur by accident or
without cause.
What is Fatalism? - ANSWER✅✅the belief that all events are predetermined and
therefore inevitable. The scientific discovery of functional relations and use of these
discoveries to improve things would be impossible.
Can Accidentalism and Fatalism occur concurrently with Determinism? -
ANSWER✅✅NO. They are actually antithetical (opposite) to determinism.
What is Empiricism? - ANSWER✅✅The practice of object observation of the
phenomena or interest. The basis on which all scientific knowledge is built from.
_______ is ensuring we consider the simplest, most logical explanation of a
phenomenon before more complex explanations are considered. -
ANSWER✅✅Parsimony
What is parsimony? - ANSWER✅✅all simple explanations are ruled out before
more complex or abstract explanations are considered.
Why is parsimony important? - ANSWER✅✅Parsimonious interpretations help
scientists assess and fit new findings within the field's existing knowledge base. A
fully parsimonious interpretation consists only of those elements that are necessary
and sufficient to explain the phenomenon at hand.
In other words, given a choice between two competing and compelling explanations
for the same phenomenon, one should shave off extraneous variables and choose
the simplest explanation, the one that requires the fewest assumptions.