HBIO 370 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE VERIFIED SOLUTION 100%

Embryo stage Weeks 1-8 Fetus stage Weeks 9-birth Progenitor Cell that can differentiate into specific cell types hypertrophy increase in cell size Hyperplasticity cells increase in number Days 7-14 Proliferation Day 14 Gastrulation— 3 distinct tissues made Days 19-21 Neurulation Days 21-24 Beginning of future head, neck and mouth and nose Weeks 3-8 Beginning organ formation Week 8 Fetus formed Compaction Loose arrangement to tight packed External polarized cells Trophoblast— tight junctions Internal non polarized cells Inner cell mass— gap junctions Cavitation 32 cell stage — blastocyst is formed Gastrulation Gastrula develops from blastula by inward migration of cells 3 primitive germ layers Ecto, meso, and endoderm Neurulation Folding process which turns neural plate into neural tube Club foot scientific name Talipes equinovarus Chronic leakage of amniotic fluid Oligohydramnios — leads to potters sequence Smooth upper lip Smooth philtrum what does VACTERAL stand for Vertebral malformations Anal atresia Cardiac malformations Tracheoesophageal fistula Renal malformations Limb malformations Phocomelia Hands or feet connected close to the trunk— limb malformation— cause by thalidomide Thalidomide Medication used for morning sickness in pregnancy, caused phocomelia Microcéphaly Small head — can be cause from if mom catches Zika virus Macrocéphaly Large head SRY Sex determining region on the Y If SRY is present Expressed in Sertoli cells, leads to male Sertoli cells Somatic cells of testes which surround and support spermatogenic cells of testes Leydig cells produce testosterone NO sry