Test Bank for Philosophy A Text with Readings, 14th Edition by Manuel Velasquez.pdf

,TimemPeriodm m ImportantmPhilosophers Political,mCultural,mandmScientificmEventsmofmPeriod

1500mB.C. Vedicm andm Upanishadm Philosophers ShangmDynastym(1600–
ofmIndiam(c.m1500– 1027mB.C.)mlooselymunitesmChinam India’smfirstmkingdomsmris
700mB.C.)mBuddham(c.m560– em(1500–
480mB.C.)mThalesm(c.m624– 330mB.C.)mbymGangesmRivermMycenaeanmcivilizationmdecline
545mB.C.)mConfuciusm(c.m551– sminmGreece;mcity-statesmAthens
479mB.C.) andm Spartam risem (1200–
700m B.C.)mHomermwritesmIlliadmandmOdyssey
m(c.m750mB.C.)



500mB.C. HindumepicmRamayanamwrittenm(c.m500mB.C.)mA
Heraclitusm(c.m500mB.C.)mPar sokam(272–
menidesm (c.m 500m B.C.)m Zeno 231mB.C.)mrulesmfirstmempiremofmIndiamGreeksmd
mofm Eleam(c.m 490– efeatmPersiansmatmSalamism(480mB.C.)
430mB.C.)mProtagorasm(c.m481– Periclesm(495–
411mB.C.)mSocratesm(c.m470– 429mB.C.)mleadsmAthensmduringm“GoldenmAge”;mbuildsmAcropoli
399mB.C.)mDemocritusm(c.m460 s,mpromotesmdramamofmSophocles,mEuripides,mandmAristophanes,
– m seesmflowering m ofm art,m mathematics,m philosophy

370mB.C.)mThrasymachusm(c.m4 InmPeloponnesianmWar,mSpartamdefeatsmAthensm(431–
50mB.C.)mPerictionem(c.m450– 404mB.C.)mHistoriesmofmHerodotusm(484–
350mB.C.)mPlatom(c.m427– 425)mandmThucydidesm(460–395)
348mB.C.)mAristotlem(384– AlexandermthemGreatm(356–
322mB.C.)mMenciusm(c.m372– 323mB.C.)munitesmancientmwesternmworldmandmspreadsmGreekm
289mB.C.)mEpicurusm(341– culturemasmfarmasmIndia
270mB.C.) OldmTestamentmPentateuchmcompletedm(c.m400mB.C.)mF
Cicerom(106– oundingmofmRomem(508mB.C.)
43mB.C.)mLucretiusm(c.m9 RomemconquersmMediterraneanmworldm(380–
8–55mB.C.) 202mB.C.)mGoldenmAgemofmRomem(63mB.C.–14mA.D.)

A.D.m1 Senecam (c.m 1m B.C.–A.D.m 65) JesusmChristm(c.m6mB.C.–
Epictetusm(c.m55–135) A.D.m30)minitiatesmChristianity mNerom(RomanmEmperor,
MarcusmAureliusm(121–180) m54–

Plotinusm (205–c.m 269) 68)mpersecutesmChristiansmPtolemymenvisionsmearth-
St.m Augustinem ofm Hippom (354– centeredmuniversem(c.m90–
430) 168)mFallmofmRomanmEmpiremtomGermanicminvadersm(
476)m DarkmAgesmofmEuropem(476–800)

A.D.m500 Boethiusm (c.m 480–524) Muhammadm(570–
Shankaram(788–820) 632)mfoundsmIslamminmArabmworldmArabmMuslimsmexp
Al-Farabim(870–950) and,mArabmempirematmitsmheightm(700)
Avicennam(980–1037) CharlemagnemcrownedmemperormofmformermRomanmEmpirem(800)
mClassicalmMayanmcivilizationmrisesminmMexicom(c.m250–c. m900)



A.D.m1000 Anselmm (1033–1109) SungmDynastym(960–
Abelardm (1079–1142) 1279)mrulesmChina,muntilmreplacedmbymMongolm
Maimonidesm(1125– Dynastym(1279–1368)
1204)mAlbertmthemGreatm(1206– Crusadesm(1096–
1280)mRogermBaconm(1214– 1204)mdrivemMuslimsmfrommPalestinemRenaissancembegin
1292) sminmItalym(1215)
ThomasmAquinasm(1225– Dantem(1265–1321)mwritesmDivinemComedym(1307–
1274)m DunsmScotusm(c.m1266– 1321)mBlackmDeathmravagesmEuropem(1347)
1308)mWilliammofmOckhamm(c.m128 GutenbergmprintsmBiblem(1453)mColum
5–1349) busmsailsmtomNewmWorldm(1492)
Copyrightm2012mCengagemLearning.mAllmRightsmReserved.mMaymnotmbemcopied,mscanned,mormduplicated,minmwholemorminmpart.mDuemtomelectronicmrights,msomemthirdmpartymcontentmmaymbemsuppressedmfrom
mthemeBookmand/ormeChapter(s).
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,A.D.m1500 D.m Erasmusm (1465–1536) Spanishm conquistadoresm defeatm Aztecsm ofm Mexicom (1519–
N.mMachiavellim(1469–1527) 1524)mCopernicusm(1473–
ThomasmMorem(1478–1535) 1543)marguesmEarthmrevolvesmaroundmsunmLutherm(1483–
Franciscom Suarezm (1548–1607) 1546)mbeginsmProtestantmReformationmElizabethmImcrowned
mQueenmofmEnglandm(1558)




Copyrightm2012mCengagemLearning.mAllmRightsmReserved.mMaymnotmbemcopied,mscanned,mormduplicated,minmwholemorminmpart.mDuemtomelectronicmrights,msomemthirdmpartymcontentmmaymbemsuppressedmfrom
mthemeBookmand/ormeChapter(s).
Editorialmreviewmhasmdeemedmthatmanymsuppressedmcontentmdoesmnotmmateriallymaffectmthemoverallmlearningmexperience.mCengagemLearningmreservesmthemrightmtomremovemadditionalmcontentmatmanymtimemifmsu

, TimemPeriodm m ImportantmPhilosophers Political,mCultural,mandmScientificmEventsmofmPeriod

A.D.m1600 Francism Baconm (1561–1626) Shakespearem(1564–
ThomasmHobbesm(1588–1679) 1616)mwritesmplaysmandmpoemsmKeplerm(1571–
Renem Descartesm (1596–1650) 1630)mdiscoversmlawsmofmplanetarymmotionm Galileom(15
AnnemConwaym(1631–1679) 64–
Baruchm Spinozam (1632–1677) 1642)mcondemnedmbymInquisitionm(1633)mAgemofmEnl
NicolasmdemMalebranchem(1638– ightenmentmbeginsminmEuropem(c.m1641)
1715)mGottfriedmLeibnizm(1646– Rembrandtm(1606–1669)mandmVelasquezm(1599–
1716) 1660)mpaintmManchumDynastym(1644–1911)mrulesminmChina
Williamm Paleym (1743–1805) LeibnizmandmNewtonminventmthemcalculusm(c.m1670
’s)mNewtonm(1642–
1727)mpublishesmPrincipiam(1687)

A.D.m1700 Johnm Lockem (1632–1704) Swiftm(1667–1745)mpublishesmGulliver’smTravelsm(1726)
Georgem Berkeleym (1685–1753) Bachm (1685–1750),m Handelm (1685–1759)m composem music
Voltairem(1694–1778) Americanm Revolutionm (1775–1783)
Davidm Humem (1711–1776) Smithm(1723–
ImmanuelmKantm(1724–1804) 1790)mwritesmWealthmofmNationsm(1776)mIndustrialm
Paulmd’Holbachm(1723–1789) RevolutionminmEnglandm(1780)
EdmundmBurkem(1729–1797) Frenchm Revolutionm (1789–1791)
Jeremym Benthamm (1748–1832) Mozartm(1756–1791),mBeethovenm(1770–
MarymWollstonecraftm(1759– 1827)mcomposemsymphonies
1797) Laplacem(1749–
Williamm Paleym (1743–1805) 1827)mwritesmCelestialmMechanicsm(1799)mNeoclassicmartmofmDav
idm(1748–1825)mandmIngresm(1780–1867)

A.D.m1800 Williamm Whewellm (1794–1866) Jeffersonm(1743–1836)mismpresidentmofmU.S.m(1801–
J.mG.mFichtem(1762–1814) 1809)mFriedrichm(1774–1840),mBlakem(1757–
F.m Schleiermacherm (1768–1834) 1827)mpaintmromanticmartmGoethem(1749–
G.mW.mF.mHegelm(1770–1831) 1832)mpublishesmFaustm(1808)
Jamesm Millm (1773–1835) NapoleonmdefeatedmatmWaterloom(1815)m Revoluti
Arthurm Schopenhauerm (1788– onsm inm Paris,m Vienna,m Venice,m Berlinm (1848)
1860) Mendelm (1822–1884)m publishesm lawsm ofm hereditym (1866)

A.D.m1850 Ludwigm Feuerbachm (1804–1872) Darwinm(1809–
JohnmStuartmMillm(1806– 1882)mwritesmOriginmofmSpeciesm(1859)mAmericanmCivilmWar
1873)m SorenmKierkegaardm(1813– m(1861–1865)

1855)mHenrymDavidmThoreaum(181 LincolnmissuesmEmancipationmProclamationm(1863)m
7–1862)mKarlmMarxm(1818–1883) Tolstoym(1828–
Friedrichm Engelsm (1820–1895) 1910)mpublishesmWarmandmPeacem(1863)
Herbertm Spencerm (1820–1903) Huxleym(1825–
1895)mpublishesmMan’smPlaceminmNaturem(1864)mBrahmsm(1833–
1897)mwritesmhismsymphonies
ImpressionistmartmofmManetm(1832–1883),mDegasm(1834–
1917),mMonetm (1840–1926),m Renoirm (1841–
1919),m Cassattm (1844–1926)
Friedrichm Nietzschem (1844–1900)

A.D.m1900 Charlesm S.m Peircem (1839–1914) JohnmDeweym(1859–1952)
Williamm Jamesm (1842–1910) J.mMcTaggartm(1866–1925)
FrancismBradleym(1846–1924) MahatmamGandhim(1869–1948)
EdmundmHusserlm(1854–1938)
HenrimBergsonm(1859–1941)
Copyrightm2012mCengagemLearning.mAllmRightsmReserved.mMaymnotmbemcopied,mscanned,mormduplicated,minmwholemorminmpart.mDuemtomelectronicmrights,msomemthirdmpartymcontentmmaymbemsuppressedmfrom
mthemeBookmand/ormeChapter(s).
Editorialmreviewmhasmdeemedmthatmanymsuppressedmcontentmdoesmnotmmateriallymaffectmthemoverallmlearningmexperience.mCengagemLearningmreservesmthemrightmtomremovemadditionalmcontentmatmanymtimemifmsu