TEST BANK Human Memory 4th Edition by Gabriel Radvansky
f f f f f f f f
Chapterf1:fOverviewfandfHistory
1. Afrelativelyfpermanentfrecordfoffanfexperiencefisfthefessencefof .
a) behavioralfpotential
b) learning
c) memoryf*
d) performance
2. Whichfisfnotfafwayfthatftheftermf“memory”fisfusedfbyfpsychologists?
a) asfafunitfoffanalysisf*
b) asfafstoragefmechanism
c) asfafprocess
d) asfafrecord
3. Memoryfis .
a) afstorageffacility
b) thefresultfoffexperience
c) afprocess
d) allfoffthefabovef*
4. WhichfisfNOTfafwayfthatftheftermfmemoryfisfused?
a) anfitemfthatfholdsfthefcontentsfoffpreviousfexperiences
b) aflocationfwherefinformationfisfkept
c) mentalfprocessesfinvolvedfinfacquiring,fstoring,forfretrievingfinformation
d) afperfectfreplicationfoffeventsf*
5. WhichfofftheffollowingfisfNOTfanfaspectfofflearning?
a) behaviorfpotential
b) maturationf*
c) relativefpermanence
d) experience
6. Learningfis .
a) afrelativelyfpermanentfchangefinfbehaviorfpotential
b) afprocess
c) thefresultfoffexperience
d) allfoffthefabovef*
7. Whatfisfafgoodfdefinitionfofflearning?
a) afchangefinfthefpotentialftofalterfbehaviorfasfafconsequencefoffexperiencef*
b) puttingfinformationfinfthefmemoryfstore
c) retainingfcontentsfoffexperience
d) thefmentalfprocessfusedftofacquire,fstore,forfretrievefinformation
,8. Anfengramfisftofmemoryfas .
a) afkeyboardfisftofafcomputer
b) afmousefisftofafcomputer
c) affilefisftofafcomputerf*
d) afcentralfprocessingfunitfisftofafcomputer
9. Whyfareftherefsofmanyfmetaphorsfforfmemory?
a) becausefmemoryfcannotfbefstudiedfobjectively
b) tofdemonstratefthatfallfoffourfmemoriesfarefdifferent
c) becausefwefcannotfobservefmemoryfdirectlyf*
d) becausefpeople’sfattitudesfandfopinionsfchangefsofmuchfoverftime
10. Metaphorsfforfmemoryf(likefafrecorderforforganizedfstorage)farefusedfbecause .
a) thefuncomplicatedfnaturefoffmemoryfmakesfmetaphorsfeasyftoffind
b) memoryfmustfbefobservedfindirectly,fsofmetaphorsfarefusefulftoolsfforfunderstandingfitsf
complexitiesf*
c) youfcanfexercisefyourfmemoryflikefafmuscle,fsofcreatingfnewfmetaphorsfmakesfyourfme
moryfmorefefficient
d) usingflanguagefasfafmentalfrepresentationfpreventsfmemoryfloss
11. Whichfmetaphorfcapturesfthefideafthatftherefisfanforganizationftofmemory?
a) cow’sfstomach
b) lockfandfkey
c) videofcamera
d) networkf*
12. Whichfmetaphorfcapturesfthefideafthatfinformationfinfmemoryfcanfbefforgotten?
a) leakyfbucketf*
b) computer
c) junkfdrawer
d) library
13. Whichfmetaphorfoffmemoryfconveysfthefideafthatfmemoriesfarefdiscretefcollectionsfoffinf
ormation?
a) hiddenfobserver
b) computer
c) literacyf*
d) aviary
14. OnefcontributionfoffPlato’sfphilosophyftofworkfonfmemoryfwasfthefideafthat .
a) differentfimpressionsfvaryfinfqualityf*
b) memoryfisftiedfexclusivelyftofexperience
c) nofmanfisfanfisland
d) memoriesfarefstoredfinfafcollectivefsubconscious
,15. Aristotle’sflawsfoffassociationfincludefallfofftheffollowingfEXCEPT .
a) similarity
b) contiguity
c) contrast
d) idealizedfabstractionsf*
16. Aristotle’sflawsfoffassociationfincludefallfofftheffollowingfEXCEPT .
a) similarity
b) regularityf*
c) contrast
d) contiguity
17. Whofwasfthefseventeenth-
centuryfscientist/philosopherfwhofdevelopedfafsophisticatedftheoryfoffmemoryfbutfneverffollow
edfupfonfit,fleavingfitftoffallfintofobscurity,ffurtherfdelayingfthefonsetfoffafscientificfstudyfoffmem
ory?
a) IsaacfNewton
b) RobertfHookef*
c) CharlesfDarwin
d) BenjaminfFranklin
18. WhatfinfluencefdidfDarwinfhavefonftheoriesfoffmemory?
a) thefideafthatfmemoryfdevelopsfinfafpersonfthroughfafselectionfprocess
b) thefconceptfthatfmemoryfisfdependentfonfafcomplexfbrain
c) thefideafthatfmemoryfhasfdevelopedfoverfthefgenerationsftofadaptftofthefdemandsfoffthef
environmentf*
d) none
19. MemoryfdevelopmentfinfafpersonfisfguidedfbyfhisforfherfDNA.
a) true
b) false
c) partiallyftrue*
d) true,fexceptfforfcasesfoffbrainfdamage
20. Anfimportantfconceptfthatfisfheavilyfusedfinftheoriesfoffmemoryfthatfdevelopedfoutfoffthefemp
iricistftraditionfis .
a) thefassociationf*
b) adaptationftofchangesfinfthefenvironment
c) thefengram
d) separationfoffmindfandfbody
21. EmpiricistsfsuchfasfAristotlefbelievedfthatfmemoryfoperatesfas .
a) associationsfbetweenfexperiencesforfstimulif*
b) afbridgefbetweenfperceptionsfandfrationalfabstractionsf(sincefempiricalfobservationsfar
efoftenfdistorted)
c) anfabstract,fperfectfrealmfwithoutfneedfforfadditionalfinquiry
d) thefrationalflinkfbetweenfthefmindfandfthefbody
, 22. Anfimportantfideafforfmemoryfresearchftakenffromfthefrationalistftraditionfinfphilosophyfisfthat
.
a) thefmindfisfrational
b) everythingfisfexplainablefwithfempiricalftesting
c) geneticsfisfthefguideftofunderstandingfmemoryfatfitsfbasicflevel
d) thefmindfactivelyfconstructsfourfinterpretationfoffrealityf*
23. SomethingfdiscoveredfbyfEbbinghausfthatfdescribesfafprocessfthatfcanfreducefthefeffectsfofffor
gettingfis .
a) forgettingfcurve
b) overlearningf*
c) learningfcurve
d) savings
24. Ebbinghausfusedfnonsensefsyllablesftofstudyfmemoryfbecause .
a) hefwantedftofstudyfmemoryfinfitsfpurefformf*
b) hefdidfnotfhavefotherfpeopleftoftest
c) theyfarefeasyftofcreatefinfGerman
d) hefwantedfanfexperimentallyfcleanfwayftofassessfpriorfknowledge
25. WhichfofftheffollowingfisfNOTfafprinciplefoffmemoryfdiscoveredfbyfEbbinghaus?
a) learningfcurve
b) schemaf*
c) savings
d) distributionfoffpractice
26. Whichfofftheffollowingfimportantffiguresfinfthefhistoryfoffmemoryfresearchfwasfinterestedfinfho
wfpriorfknowledgefinfluencesfmemory?
a) Ebbinghaus
b) Bartlettf*
c) Thorndike
d) Tolman
27. WhatfisfanfimportantfconceptfinfmemoryfdevelopedfbyfBartlett?
a) learningfcurve
b) schemaf*
c) savings
d) distributionfoffpractice
28. WhatfisfanfimportantfdistinctionfinftypesfoffmemoryfmadefbyfWilliamfJames?
a) memoryfstorefhegemony
b) hierarchicalfrotations
c) thefdifferencefbetweenfprimaryfandfsecondaryfmemoryf*
d) thefdifferencefbetweenfproceduralfandfdeclarativefmemory
f f f f f f f f
Chapterf1:fOverviewfandfHistory
1. Afrelativelyfpermanentfrecordfoffanfexperiencefisfthefessencefof .
a) behavioralfpotential
b) learning
c) memoryf*
d) performance
2. Whichfisfnotfafwayfthatftheftermf“memory”fisfusedfbyfpsychologists?
a) asfafunitfoffanalysisf*
b) asfafstoragefmechanism
c) asfafprocess
d) asfafrecord
3. Memoryfis .
a) afstorageffacility
b) thefresultfoffexperience
c) afprocess
d) allfoffthefabovef*
4. WhichfisfNOTfafwayfthatftheftermfmemoryfisfused?
a) anfitemfthatfholdsfthefcontentsfoffpreviousfexperiences
b) aflocationfwherefinformationfisfkept
c) mentalfprocessesfinvolvedfinfacquiring,fstoring,forfretrievingfinformation
d) afperfectfreplicationfoffeventsf*
5. WhichfofftheffollowingfisfNOTfanfaspectfofflearning?
a) behaviorfpotential
b) maturationf*
c) relativefpermanence
d) experience
6. Learningfis .
a) afrelativelyfpermanentfchangefinfbehaviorfpotential
b) afprocess
c) thefresultfoffexperience
d) allfoffthefabovef*
7. Whatfisfafgoodfdefinitionfofflearning?
a) afchangefinfthefpotentialftofalterfbehaviorfasfafconsequencefoffexperiencef*
b) puttingfinformationfinfthefmemoryfstore
c) retainingfcontentsfoffexperience
d) thefmentalfprocessfusedftofacquire,fstore,forfretrievefinformation
,8. Anfengramfisftofmemoryfas .
a) afkeyboardfisftofafcomputer
b) afmousefisftofafcomputer
c) affilefisftofafcomputerf*
d) afcentralfprocessingfunitfisftofafcomputer
9. Whyfareftherefsofmanyfmetaphorsfforfmemory?
a) becausefmemoryfcannotfbefstudiedfobjectively
b) tofdemonstratefthatfallfoffourfmemoriesfarefdifferent
c) becausefwefcannotfobservefmemoryfdirectlyf*
d) becausefpeople’sfattitudesfandfopinionsfchangefsofmuchfoverftime
10. Metaphorsfforfmemoryf(likefafrecorderforforganizedfstorage)farefusedfbecause .
a) thefuncomplicatedfnaturefoffmemoryfmakesfmetaphorsfeasyftoffind
b) memoryfmustfbefobservedfindirectly,fsofmetaphorsfarefusefulftoolsfforfunderstandingfitsf
complexitiesf*
c) youfcanfexercisefyourfmemoryflikefafmuscle,fsofcreatingfnewfmetaphorsfmakesfyourfme
moryfmorefefficient
d) usingflanguagefasfafmentalfrepresentationfpreventsfmemoryfloss
11. Whichfmetaphorfcapturesfthefideafthatftherefisfanforganizationftofmemory?
a) cow’sfstomach
b) lockfandfkey
c) videofcamera
d) networkf*
12. Whichfmetaphorfcapturesfthefideafthatfinformationfinfmemoryfcanfbefforgotten?
a) leakyfbucketf*
b) computer
c) junkfdrawer
d) library
13. Whichfmetaphorfoffmemoryfconveysfthefideafthatfmemoriesfarefdiscretefcollectionsfoffinf
ormation?
a) hiddenfobserver
b) computer
c) literacyf*
d) aviary
14. OnefcontributionfoffPlato’sfphilosophyftofworkfonfmemoryfwasfthefideafthat .
a) differentfimpressionsfvaryfinfqualityf*
b) memoryfisftiedfexclusivelyftofexperience
c) nofmanfisfanfisland
d) memoriesfarefstoredfinfafcollectivefsubconscious
,15. Aristotle’sflawsfoffassociationfincludefallfofftheffollowingfEXCEPT .
a) similarity
b) contiguity
c) contrast
d) idealizedfabstractionsf*
16. Aristotle’sflawsfoffassociationfincludefallfofftheffollowingfEXCEPT .
a) similarity
b) regularityf*
c) contrast
d) contiguity
17. Whofwasfthefseventeenth-
centuryfscientist/philosopherfwhofdevelopedfafsophisticatedftheoryfoffmemoryfbutfneverffollow
edfupfonfit,fleavingfitftoffallfintofobscurity,ffurtherfdelayingfthefonsetfoffafscientificfstudyfoffmem
ory?
a) IsaacfNewton
b) RobertfHookef*
c) CharlesfDarwin
d) BenjaminfFranklin
18. WhatfinfluencefdidfDarwinfhavefonftheoriesfoffmemory?
a) thefideafthatfmemoryfdevelopsfinfafpersonfthroughfafselectionfprocess
b) thefconceptfthatfmemoryfisfdependentfonfafcomplexfbrain
c) thefideafthatfmemoryfhasfdevelopedfoverfthefgenerationsftofadaptftofthefdemandsfoffthef
environmentf*
d) none
19. MemoryfdevelopmentfinfafpersonfisfguidedfbyfhisforfherfDNA.
a) true
b) false
c) partiallyftrue*
d) true,fexceptfforfcasesfoffbrainfdamage
20. Anfimportantfconceptfthatfisfheavilyfusedfinftheoriesfoffmemoryfthatfdevelopedfoutfoffthefemp
iricistftraditionfis .
a) thefassociationf*
b) adaptationftofchangesfinfthefenvironment
c) thefengram
d) separationfoffmindfandfbody
21. EmpiricistsfsuchfasfAristotlefbelievedfthatfmemoryfoperatesfas .
a) associationsfbetweenfexperiencesforfstimulif*
b) afbridgefbetweenfperceptionsfandfrationalfabstractionsf(sincefempiricalfobservationsfar
efoftenfdistorted)
c) anfabstract,fperfectfrealmfwithoutfneedfforfadditionalfinquiry
d) thefrationalflinkfbetweenfthefmindfandfthefbody
, 22. Anfimportantfideafforfmemoryfresearchftakenffromfthefrationalistftraditionfinfphilosophyfisfthat
.
a) thefmindfisfrational
b) everythingfisfexplainablefwithfempiricalftesting
c) geneticsfisfthefguideftofunderstandingfmemoryfatfitsfbasicflevel
d) thefmindfactivelyfconstructsfourfinterpretationfoffrealityf*
23. SomethingfdiscoveredfbyfEbbinghausfthatfdescribesfafprocessfthatfcanfreducefthefeffectsfofffor
gettingfis .
a) forgettingfcurve
b) overlearningf*
c) learningfcurve
d) savings
24. Ebbinghausfusedfnonsensefsyllablesftofstudyfmemoryfbecause .
a) hefwantedftofstudyfmemoryfinfitsfpurefformf*
b) hefdidfnotfhavefotherfpeopleftoftest
c) theyfarefeasyftofcreatefinfGerman
d) hefwantedfanfexperimentallyfcleanfwayftofassessfpriorfknowledge
25. WhichfofftheffollowingfisfNOTfafprinciplefoffmemoryfdiscoveredfbyfEbbinghaus?
a) learningfcurve
b) schemaf*
c) savings
d) distributionfoffpractice
26. Whichfofftheffollowingfimportantffiguresfinfthefhistoryfoffmemoryfresearchfwasfinterestedfinfho
wfpriorfknowledgefinfluencesfmemory?
a) Ebbinghaus
b) Bartlettf*
c) Thorndike
d) Tolman
27. WhatfisfanfimportantfconceptfinfmemoryfdevelopedfbyfBartlett?
a) learningfcurve
b) schemaf*
c) savings
d) distributionfoffpractice
28. WhatfisfanfimportantfdistinctionfinftypesfoffmemoryfmadefbyfWilliamfJames?
a) memoryfstorefhegemony
b) hierarchicalfrotations
c) thefdifferencefbetweenfprimaryfandfsecondaryfmemoryf*
d) thefdifferencefbetweenfproceduralfandfdeclarativefmemory
