CHAPTER 1— b
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS, THEIR CAUSES, AND SUSTAINABILITY
b b b b b
MULTIPLEbCHOICE
1. Sustainabilitybrefersbto .
a. thebwaybinbwhichbthebnaturalbworldbworks
b. howbwebinteractbwithbthebenvironment
c. humanbmethodsbofbcopingbwithbenvironmentalbproblems
d. refusing,breducing,breusing,bandbrecycling
e. thebcapacitybofbthebearth’sbnaturalbsystemsbtobsurvive,bflourish,bandbadapt
ANS:b E PTS:b 1
TOP:b CorebCasebStudy:bAbvisionbofbabmorebsustainablebworldbinb2065b
KEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
2. Whichbdisciplinebisbmostbassociatedbwithbenvironmentalbscience?
a. botany
b. politicalbscience
c. sociology
d. ecology
e. psychology
ANS:b D PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bModified
3. Abforestbwithbplants,banimals,bandbvariousbotherborganismsbisbanbexamplebofba(n) .
a. ecosystem
b. species
c. ecology
d. life-supportbsystem
e. nutrient
ANS:b A PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bUnderstand NOT:bNew
4. Usingbnormallybrenewablebresourcesbfasterbthanbnaturebcanbrenewbthembisbcalled .
a. nutrientbcycling
b. nutrientbdeficit
c. sustainability
d. trade-offs
e. degradingbnaturalbcapital
ANS:b E PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:bBloom's:bRemember
5. Solarbenergybisbknownbasba(n) .
a. renewablebresource
b. recyclablebresource
c. inexhaustiblebresource
d. reusablebresource
e. nonrenewablebresource
ANS:b C PTS:b b 1 TOP:b 1-1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?
, KEY:bBloom's:bRemember
6. Whatbisbonebofbthebthreebsocialbsciencebprinciplesbofbsustainability?
a. Abdependencebonbsolarbenergy
b. Abfocusbonbchemicalbcycling
c. Thebdegradationbofbnaturalbcapital
d. Abresponsibilitybtobfuturebgenerations
e. Thebabilitybtobretainbbiodiversity
ANS:b D PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
7. Topsoilbisbanbimportantbcomponentbof .
a. biodiversity
b. ecosystems
c. naturalbresources
d. win-winbsolutions
e. nutrientbcycling
ANS:b E PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
8. Accordingbtobabnumberbofbenvironmentalbscientists,bwebalreadybknowbhowbtobreuseborbrecyclebatbleast
ofbthebnonrenewablebresourcesbwebuse.
a. 80%
b. 65%
c. 50%
d. 40%
e. 25%
ANS:b A PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
9. Whatbarebthebprioritiesbforbmorebsustainablebusebofbrenewablebresources,binborder?
a. refuse,brenew,breduce,bandbrecycle
b. recycle,brenew,breuse,bandbreduce
c. resource,brecycle,brenew,bandbreduce
d. refuse,breduce,breuse,bandbrecycle
e. refuse,breduce,brecycle,bandbrenew
ANS:b D PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
10. More-developedbcountries .
a. havebablowerbaveragebincome
b. usebmostlybrenewablebresources
c. relybentirelybonbnonrenewablebresources
d. compriseb17%bofbthebworld’sbpopulation
e. providebfewerbrecyclingbservices
ANS:b D PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
11. Thebprimarybdifferencebbetweenbrenewablebresourcesbandbnonrenewablebresourcesbis .
a. howbeasilybeachbcanbbebdiscovered
, b. thebavailablebamountbofbeachbresource
c. theblengthbofbtimebitbtakesbforbeachbtobbebreplenished
d. howbfastbeachbisbbeingbconsumed
e. howbquicklybeachbcanbproducebelectricity
ANS:b C PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bUnderstand NOT:bModified
12. Whatbtermbdescribesbthebhighestbratebatbwhichbabrenewablebresourcebcanbbebusedbindefinitelybwithoutbr
educingbitsbavailablebsupply?
a. conservation
b. sustainablebyield
c. preservation
d. perpetualbresource
e. degradation
ANS:b B PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:bBloom's:bRemember
13. Whichbsubstancebwouldbbebconsideredbabrenewablebresource?
a. copper
b. oil
c. freshbair
d. salt
e. sand
ANS:b C PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bUnderstand NOT:bModified
14. Whichbsubstancebwouldbbebconsideredbabnonrenewablebresource?
a. groundwater
b. treesbinbabforest
c. fertilebsoil
d. oil
e. crops
ANS:b D PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bUnderstand NOT:bModified
15. Allbnonrenewablebresourcesbcanbtheoreticallybbe .
a. convertedbtobnonmetallicbminerals
b. convertedbtobrenewablebones
c. exhaustedborbdepleted
d. recycledborbreused
e. alive
ANS:b C PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:bBloom's:bUnderstand
16. Whichbactionbisbisbanbexamplebofbreuse?
a. re-meltingbaluminumbcans
b. makingbcompostboutbofbkitchenbscraps
c. usingbplasticbbutterbtubsbtobstorebleftovers
d. usingbwastebheatbtobwarmbabroom
e. makingbpaperbgoodsbfrombpreviouslybusedbpaper
, ANS:b C PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:bBloom's:bApply
17. Usebofbabnaturalbresourcebbasedbonbsustainablebyieldsbisbmostbapplicablebtobthebideabof .
a. nonrenewablebresources
b. renewablebresources
c. sharedbresources
d. amenablebresources
e. recycling
ANS:b B PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:bBloom's:bUnderstand
18. Havingbtallbsmokestacksbisbabformbof .
a. pollutionbprevention
b. pollutionbcleanup
c. naturalbcapitalbdegradation
d. ecologicalbrestoration
e. tragedybofbthebcommons
ANS:b B PTS:b 1
TOP:b 1-
2bHowbArebOurbEcologicalbFootprintsbAffectingbthebEarth?bKEY:b B
loom's:bUnderstand NOT:bNew
19. Whichbofbthebfollowingbillustratesbnaturalbcapitalbdegradation?
a. usebofbwindbpower
b. savingbendangeredbspecies
c. cleaningbupbpollution
d. aquiferbdepletion
e. waterbrunoff
ANS:b D PTS:b 1
TOP:b 1-
2bHowbArebOurbEcologicalbFootprintsbAffectingbthebEarth?bKEY:b B
loom's:bUnderstand NOT:bNew
20. Eachbofbthebthreebmajorbculturalbrevolutionsbhasballowed .
a. ecologicalbrestoration
b. expansionbofbthebhumanbpopulation
c. greaterbworldwidebsustainability
d. pollutionbprevention
e. decreasedbconsumption
ANS:b B PTS:b 1
TOP:b 1-
2bHowbArebOurbEcologicalbFootprintsbAffectingbthebEarth?bKEY:b B
loom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
21. Anbaveragebecologicalbfootprintbofbanbindividualbinbabgivenbcountryborbareabisbknownbas .
a. perbcapitabgrossbGNP
b. ecologicalbfootprint
c. perbcapitabGDP
d. sustainablebyield
e. perbcapitabecologicalbfootprint
ANS:b E PTS:b 1
TOP:b 1-2bHowbArebOurbEcologicalbFootprintsbAffectingbthebEarth?
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS, THEIR CAUSES, AND SUSTAINABILITY
b b b b b
MULTIPLEbCHOICE
1. Sustainabilitybrefersbto .
a. thebwaybinbwhichbthebnaturalbworldbworks
b. howbwebinteractbwithbthebenvironment
c. humanbmethodsbofbcopingbwithbenvironmentalbproblems
d. refusing,breducing,breusing,bandbrecycling
e. thebcapacitybofbthebearth’sbnaturalbsystemsbtobsurvive,bflourish,bandbadapt
ANS:b E PTS:b 1
TOP:b CorebCasebStudy:bAbvisionbofbabmorebsustainablebworldbinb2065b
KEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
2. Whichbdisciplinebisbmostbassociatedbwithbenvironmentalbscience?
a. botany
b. politicalbscience
c. sociology
d. ecology
e. psychology
ANS:b D PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bModified
3. Abforestbwithbplants,banimals,bandbvariousbotherborganismsbisbanbexamplebofba(n) .
a. ecosystem
b. species
c. ecology
d. life-supportbsystem
e. nutrient
ANS:b A PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bUnderstand NOT:bNew
4. Usingbnormallybrenewablebresourcesbfasterbthanbnaturebcanbrenewbthembisbcalled .
a. nutrientbcycling
b. nutrientbdeficit
c. sustainability
d. trade-offs
e. degradingbnaturalbcapital
ANS:b E PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:bBloom's:bRemember
5. Solarbenergybisbknownbasba(n) .
a. renewablebresource
b. recyclablebresource
c. inexhaustiblebresource
d. reusablebresource
e. nonrenewablebresource
ANS:b C PTS:b b 1 TOP:b 1-1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?
, KEY:bBloom's:bRemember
6. Whatbisbonebofbthebthreebsocialbsciencebprinciplesbofbsustainability?
a. Abdependencebonbsolarbenergy
b. Abfocusbonbchemicalbcycling
c. Thebdegradationbofbnaturalbcapital
d. Abresponsibilitybtobfuturebgenerations
e. Thebabilitybtobretainbbiodiversity
ANS:b D PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
7. Topsoilbisbanbimportantbcomponentbof .
a. biodiversity
b. ecosystems
c. naturalbresources
d. win-winbsolutions
e. nutrientbcycling
ANS:b E PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
8. Accordingbtobabnumberbofbenvironmentalbscientists,bwebalreadybknowbhowbtobreuseborbrecyclebatbleast
ofbthebnonrenewablebresourcesbwebuse.
a. 80%
b. 65%
c. 50%
d. 40%
e. 25%
ANS:b A PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
9. Whatbarebthebprioritiesbforbmorebsustainablebusebofbrenewablebresources,binborder?
a. refuse,brenew,breduce,bandbrecycle
b. recycle,brenew,breuse,bandbreduce
c. resource,brecycle,brenew,bandbreduce
d. refuse,breduce,breuse,bandbrecycle
e. refuse,breduce,brecycle,bandbrenew
ANS:b D PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
10. More-developedbcountries .
a. havebablowerbaveragebincome
b. usebmostlybrenewablebresources
c. relybentirelybonbnonrenewablebresources
d. compriseb17%bofbthebworld’sbpopulation
e. providebfewerbrecyclingbservices
ANS:b D PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
11. Thebprimarybdifferencebbetweenbrenewablebresourcesbandbnonrenewablebresourcesbis .
a. howbeasilybeachbcanbbebdiscovered
, b. thebavailablebamountbofbeachbresource
c. theblengthbofbtimebitbtakesbforbeachbtobbebreplenished
d. howbfastbeachbisbbeingbconsumed
e. howbquicklybeachbcanbproducebelectricity
ANS:b C PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bUnderstand NOT:bModified
12. Whatbtermbdescribesbthebhighestbratebatbwhichbabrenewablebresourcebcanbbebusedbindefinitelybwithoutbr
educingbitsbavailablebsupply?
a. conservation
b. sustainablebyield
c. preservation
d. perpetualbresource
e. degradation
ANS:b B PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:bBloom's:bRemember
13. Whichbsubstancebwouldbbebconsideredbabrenewablebresource?
a. copper
b. oil
c. freshbair
d. salt
e. sand
ANS:b C PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bUnderstand NOT:bModified
14. Whichbsubstancebwouldbbebconsideredbabnonrenewablebresource?
a. groundwater
b. treesbinbabforest
c. fertilebsoil
d. oil
e. crops
ANS:b D PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:b Bloom's:bUnderstand NOT:bModified
15. Allbnonrenewablebresourcesbcanbtheoreticallybbe .
a. convertedbtobnonmetallicbminerals
b. convertedbtobrenewablebones
c. exhaustedborbdepleted
d. recycledborbreused
e. alive
ANS:b C PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:bBloom's:bUnderstand
16. Whichbactionbisbisbanbexamplebofbreuse?
a. re-meltingbaluminumbcans
b. makingbcompostboutbofbkitchenbscraps
c. usingbplasticbbutterbtubsbtobstorebleftovers
d. usingbwastebheatbtobwarmbabroom
e. makingbpaperbgoodsbfrombpreviouslybusedbpaper
, ANS:b C PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:bBloom's:bApply
17. Usebofbabnaturalbresourcebbasedbonbsustainablebyieldsbisbmostbapplicablebtobthebideabof .
a. nonrenewablebresources
b. renewablebresources
c. sharedbresources
d. amenablebresources
e. recycling
ANS:b B PTS:b 1 TOP:b 1-
1bWhatbArebSomebPrinciplesbofbSustainability?bKEY:bBloom's:bUnderstand
18. Havingbtallbsmokestacksbisbabformbof .
a. pollutionbprevention
b. pollutionbcleanup
c. naturalbcapitalbdegradation
d. ecologicalbrestoration
e. tragedybofbthebcommons
ANS:b B PTS:b 1
TOP:b 1-
2bHowbArebOurbEcologicalbFootprintsbAffectingbthebEarth?bKEY:b B
loom's:bUnderstand NOT:bNew
19. Whichbofbthebfollowingbillustratesbnaturalbcapitalbdegradation?
a. usebofbwindbpower
b. savingbendangeredbspecies
c. cleaningbupbpollution
d. aquiferbdepletion
e. waterbrunoff
ANS:b D PTS:b 1
TOP:b 1-
2bHowbArebOurbEcologicalbFootprintsbAffectingbthebEarth?bKEY:b B
loom's:bUnderstand NOT:bNew
20. Eachbofbthebthreebmajorbculturalbrevolutionsbhasballowed .
a. ecologicalbrestoration
b. expansionbofbthebhumanbpopulation
c. greaterbworldwidebsustainability
d. pollutionbprevention
e. decreasedbconsumption
ANS:b B PTS:b 1
TOP:b 1-
2bHowbArebOurbEcologicalbFootprintsbAffectingbthebEarth?bKEY:b B
loom's:bRemember NOT:bNew
21. Anbaveragebecologicalbfootprintbofbanbindividualbinbabgivenbcountryborbareabisbknownbas .
a. perbcapitabgrossbGNP
b. ecologicalbfootprint
c. perbcapitabGDP
d. sustainablebyield
e. perbcapitabecologicalbfootprint
ANS:b E PTS:b 1
TOP:b 1-2bHowbArebOurbEcologicalbFootprintsbAffectingbthebEarth?
