ENWC201 EXAM 2(100% ACCURATE.)
When is biodiversity lost? - ANSWERS1. Populations are greatly reduced in size
2. A species becomes extinct (the death of a species. No individual remains.)
3. An ecosystem is greatly modified or destroyed
What accelerates loss of biodiversity? - ANSWERSHuman impact (developing countries
are at highest risk).
What areas have the highest loss of biodiversity? - ANSWERS1. Amazon basin and
Southeast Asia (deforestation and expansion of crops)
2. Oceans (overfishing and pollution)
What are marine mammals threatened by? - ANSWERSFishing, nets, vessel strikes,
sonar testing, and pollution (1000 killed each day).
What is one of the biggest issues for Amphibians? - ANSWERSChytrid Fungus
What factor aids in loss of biodiversity in the ocean? - ANSWERS1. Fishing (shark
finning, ~100 million sharks killed each year)
What era are The Clovis a part of? What are characteristics of The Clovis? -
ANSWERSPre-European Era
They are one of the first people in North American and they hunted and preyed on the
larger herbivores because these large creatures couldn't hide as easily.
What animals were there an abundance of during the Era of Abundance? -
ANSWERSSalmon, ducks, and bison
What characteristics fall under the Era of Exploitation? - ANSWERS1. Expansion of
railroads and better ways of efficient transportation.
2. Passenger pigeons were over hunted.
3. Bison were slaughtered to drive out the natives.
4. Emphasis on market hunting.
5. People began to notice depletion of wildlife.
Who is Henry David Thoreau? - ANSWERSNoticed the drastic changes hunting had on
wildlife.
Who was Darwin? - ANSWERSArgued that humans had a great impact on the natural
world.
What is the Era of Protection? - ANSWERS1. The Lacy Act
2. Theodore Roosevelt's presidency
, Who is Theodore Roosevelt? (Golden Age and Conservation) - ANSWERSHe tripled
the size of national forests and created the forest service. Established natural wildlife
refuges. Created coal and oil reserves and national monuments. Beefed up
enforcement.
Who is Gifford Pinchot? - ANSWERSHe trained abroad and was appointed head of the
forest service. He coined the term conservation.
Who is John Muir? - ANSWERSHe founded the Sierra Club which worked to protect
naturalists. Specifically, they wanted to preserve Yosemite and the neighboring Hetch
Hetchy Valley.
What are the limits of the Era of Protection? - ANSWERS1. Science is lacking.
2. Lack of predator control.
3. Humans could improve upon nature.
What is the Era of Game Management? - ANSWERSFocus of the era was more
protected creatures, parks are more restricted, maintain healthy ecosystems, and instill
a primary focus on game animals.
Who is Aldo Leopold? - ANSWERSHe was "the father of wildlife management". He
created the report of the committee on North American game policy. He was the first
professor of game management.
"An intelligent humility towards man's place in nature."
"To keep every cog in wheel is the first precaution of intelligent tinkering."
How was research in the Era of Game Management funded? - ANSWERS1. The
Pittman - Robertson Act of 1937 (tax on hunting gear)
2. The Dingell Johnson Act of 1950 (tax on fishing gear)
Who is Rachel Carson? - ANSWERSShe published Silent Spring
What was the Era of Environmental Management? - ANSWERSIncrease national
awareness, endangered species act, first earth day in 1970
What is the Era of Conservation Biology? - ANSWERSCreated the Alaska National
Interest Lands Act (101 million acres), Reagan was in office, and anti-environmental
policies were in place.
What is Conservation Biology? - ANSWERSAn evolutionary ecological perspective.
What is Awareness in the Era of Conservation Biology? - ANSWERSHuman resources
are still climbing at an exponential rate, the atmosphere is warming, tropical and
When is biodiversity lost? - ANSWERS1. Populations are greatly reduced in size
2. A species becomes extinct (the death of a species. No individual remains.)
3. An ecosystem is greatly modified or destroyed
What accelerates loss of biodiversity? - ANSWERSHuman impact (developing countries
are at highest risk).
What areas have the highest loss of biodiversity? - ANSWERS1. Amazon basin and
Southeast Asia (deforestation and expansion of crops)
2. Oceans (overfishing and pollution)
What are marine mammals threatened by? - ANSWERSFishing, nets, vessel strikes,
sonar testing, and pollution (1000 killed each day).
What is one of the biggest issues for Amphibians? - ANSWERSChytrid Fungus
What factor aids in loss of biodiversity in the ocean? - ANSWERS1. Fishing (shark
finning, ~100 million sharks killed each year)
What era are The Clovis a part of? What are characteristics of The Clovis? -
ANSWERSPre-European Era
They are one of the first people in North American and they hunted and preyed on the
larger herbivores because these large creatures couldn't hide as easily.
What animals were there an abundance of during the Era of Abundance? -
ANSWERSSalmon, ducks, and bison
What characteristics fall under the Era of Exploitation? - ANSWERS1. Expansion of
railroads and better ways of efficient transportation.
2. Passenger pigeons were over hunted.
3. Bison were slaughtered to drive out the natives.
4. Emphasis on market hunting.
5. People began to notice depletion of wildlife.
Who is Henry David Thoreau? - ANSWERSNoticed the drastic changes hunting had on
wildlife.
Who was Darwin? - ANSWERSArgued that humans had a great impact on the natural
world.
What is the Era of Protection? - ANSWERS1. The Lacy Act
2. Theodore Roosevelt's presidency
, Who is Theodore Roosevelt? (Golden Age and Conservation) - ANSWERSHe tripled
the size of national forests and created the forest service. Established natural wildlife
refuges. Created coal and oil reserves and national monuments. Beefed up
enforcement.
Who is Gifford Pinchot? - ANSWERSHe trained abroad and was appointed head of the
forest service. He coined the term conservation.
Who is John Muir? - ANSWERSHe founded the Sierra Club which worked to protect
naturalists. Specifically, they wanted to preserve Yosemite and the neighboring Hetch
Hetchy Valley.
What are the limits of the Era of Protection? - ANSWERS1. Science is lacking.
2. Lack of predator control.
3. Humans could improve upon nature.
What is the Era of Game Management? - ANSWERSFocus of the era was more
protected creatures, parks are more restricted, maintain healthy ecosystems, and instill
a primary focus on game animals.
Who is Aldo Leopold? - ANSWERSHe was "the father of wildlife management". He
created the report of the committee on North American game policy. He was the first
professor of game management.
"An intelligent humility towards man's place in nature."
"To keep every cog in wheel is the first precaution of intelligent tinkering."
How was research in the Era of Game Management funded? - ANSWERS1. The
Pittman - Robertson Act of 1937 (tax on hunting gear)
2. The Dingell Johnson Act of 1950 (tax on fishing gear)
Who is Rachel Carson? - ANSWERSShe published Silent Spring
What was the Era of Environmental Management? - ANSWERSIncrease national
awareness, endangered species act, first earth day in 1970
What is the Era of Conservation Biology? - ANSWERSCreated the Alaska National
Interest Lands Act (101 million acres), Reagan was in office, and anti-environmental
policies were in place.
What is Conservation Biology? - ANSWERSAn evolutionary ecological perspective.
What is Awareness in the Era of Conservation Biology? - ANSWERSHuman resources
are still climbing at an exponential rate, the atmosphere is warming, tropical and
