BLD 434 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE
Characteristics of Innate Immunity
-Rapid response to pathogen(hours
- fixed (inherited)
- limited number of specificities
- constant during response (doesn't get stronger)
Characteristics of Adaptive Immunity
- Slow response (days to weeks) ex. Mycobacterium
- variable
- numerous highly selective specificities
- Improve during response (maintain memory after experiencing a pathogen and
responds more forcefully the 2nd time around
Which mature immune cell types arise from the common lymphoid progenitor?
Both the B lymphocyte and NK cell along with the T lymphocyte
Which immune cells are a polymorphonuclear granulocyte found in the peripheral
blood and what color are they?
Neutrophil- tiny pink/blue granules
-Eosinophils - orange-pink(salmon) colored granules
-Basophils - large purple-black granules
Which cell is characterized by small pink/blue/lilac cytoplasmic granules?
,Neutrophil
What are the primary lymphoid tissues?
Bone Marrow (B cells) and Thymus (T cells)
-where cells of the adaptive immune system are made
Antigen Definition
molecule capable of inducing an immune response; any substance that causes an
immune system to produce antibodies
CD antigen (marker)
Clusters of Differentiation
- any substance capable of inducing immune response
Sebum
oily secretion of sebaceous glands
Defensins
a family of small amphipathic proteins that disrupt microbial membranes
- produced primarily by Paneth cells, epithelial cells, and phagocytes
Lysozyme
enzyme that catalyzed the destruction of cell walls
Polymorphonuclear
having a nucleus with several lobes
Main advantages of the adaptive immune response
- gets better over time
- can remember pathogens and better attack them next time
, Common CD markers that can be used to identify T lymphocytes and B
lymphocytes
- B lymphocytes: CD19 and CD20
- T lymphocytes: CD3 on all of them, Helper T cells and regulatory T-cells-CD4,
Cytotoxic T-cells-CD8
Mature Immune cell types (found in blood and tissues) that can arise from the
common lymphoid progenitor
B-cell-plasma cell
T-cell-effector T-cell
NK cell
Mature Immune cell types from the common myeloid precursor
Macrophage & dendritic cell
Neutrophil, Eosinophil, and Basophil
Mast Cell
Platelets and Erythrocyte
Relationship between Monocytes and Macrophages
No difference besides location
- monocytes circulate in the blood
- macrophages are in tissues
Secondary Lymphoid tissue
lymph nodes, peyers patch in small intestine, spleen, adenoids, and the tonsils.
- Area where the B and T cells become activated by an antigen and become licensed to
go out and kill
SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE
Characteristics of Innate Immunity
-Rapid response to pathogen(hours
- fixed (inherited)
- limited number of specificities
- constant during response (doesn't get stronger)
Characteristics of Adaptive Immunity
- Slow response (days to weeks) ex. Mycobacterium
- variable
- numerous highly selective specificities
- Improve during response (maintain memory after experiencing a pathogen and
responds more forcefully the 2nd time around
Which mature immune cell types arise from the common lymphoid progenitor?
Both the B lymphocyte and NK cell along with the T lymphocyte
Which immune cells are a polymorphonuclear granulocyte found in the peripheral
blood and what color are they?
Neutrophil- tiny pink/blue granules
-Eosinophils - orange-pink(salmon) colored granules
-Basophils - large purple-black granules
Which cell is characterized by small pink/blue/lilac cytoplasmic granules?
,Neutrophil
What are the primary lymphoid tissues?
Bone Marrow (B cells) and Thymus (T cells)
-where cells of the adaptive immune system are made
Antigen Definition
molecule capable of inducing an immune response; any substance that causes an
immune system to produce antibodies
CD antigen (marker)
Clusters of Differentiation
- any substance capable of inducing immune response
Sebum
oily secretion of sebaceous glands
Defensins
a family of small amphipathic proteins that disrupt microbial membranes
- produced primarily by Paneth cells, epithelial cells, and phagocytes
Lysozyme
enzyme that catalyzed the destruction of cell walls
Polymorphonuclear
having a nucleus with several lobes
Main advantages of the adaptive immune response
- gets better over time
- can remember pathogens and better attack them next time
, Common CD markers that can be used to identify T lymphocytes and B
lymphocytes
- B lymphocytes: CD19 and CD20
- T lymphocytes: CD3 on all of them, Helper T cells and regulatory T-cells-CD4,
Cytotoxic T-cells-CD8
Mature Immune cell types (found in blood and tissues) that can arise from the
common lymphoid progenitor
B-cell-plasma cell
T-cell-effector T-cell
NK cell
Mature Immune cell types from the common myeloid precursor
Macrophage & dendritic cell
Neutrophil, Eosinophil, and Basophil
Mast Cell
Platelets and Erythrocyte
Relationship between Monocytes and Macrophages
No difference besides location
- monocytes circulate in the blood
- macrophages are in tissues
Secondary Lymphoid tissue
lymph nodes, peyers patch in small intestine, spleen, adenoids, and the tonsils.
- Area where the B and T cells become activated by an antigen and become licensed to
go out and kill
