BN507 - MODULE 14 - THE HEART EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Explain the location of the Heart in the body
located in the mediastinum, sitting on the left side more, the apex points down towards
the Left hip.
What is the structure of the pericardium?
Fibrous Pericardium (outermost layer made of tough dense CT)
Serous pericardium (2 Layers)
Parietal is the outer layer
Visceral is the inner layer
Serous fluid is between these two layers
What is the function of the pericardium
Anchors heart to diaphragm
does not stretch to prevent heart from overfilling
What is the function of serous fluid in the pericardium?
Lubricates and allows for smooth, friction-less movement of the heart.
What are the three layers of the heart wall (deep to superficial)
Endocardium (endothelium)
Myocardium (cardiac muscle)
Epicardium (is the visceral layer of serous pericardium)
What is the systemic circulation?
, carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body, and returns deoxygenated
blood back to the heart
What is the pulmonary circulation?
circulation between heart and lungs
What is the flow of blood through the heart?
Superior and inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary
semilunar valve, pulmonary artery, lungs (picks up oxygen), pulmonary veins, left
atrium, mitral valve (bicuspid), left ventricle, aortic semilunar valve, aorta, to the body
What is coronary circulation?
Blood vessels that deliver blood to, and take blood from, the heart tissue itself.
What are the key vessels of coronary circulation?
Coronary Arteries
Coronary Veins
Coronary Sinus
What do the coronary arteries do?
Coronary arteries arise from the aorta, then branch and deliver highly oxygenated blood
to the heart walls,
What does the coronary veins do?
return poorly oxygenated blood from the myocardium into the coronary sinus which
empties directly into the right atrium.
What is the structure of cardiac muscle?
Striated, short branched cells, one or two nuclei per cell, numerous mitochondria,
connecting with each other via intercalated discs, has desmosomes and gap junctions.
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Explain the location of the Heart in the body
located in the mediastinum, sitting on the left side more, the apex points down towards
the Left hip.
What is the structure of the pericardium?
Fibrous Pericardium (outermost layer made of tough dense CT)
Serous pericardium (2 Layers)
Parietal is the outer layer
Visceral is the inner layer
Serous fluid is between these two layers
What is the function of the pericardium
Anchors heart to diaphragm
does not stretch to prevent heart from overfilling
What is the function of serous fluid in the pericardium?
Lubricates and allows for smooth, friction-less movement of the heart.
What are the three layers of the heart wall (deep to superficial)
Endocardium (endothelium)
Myocardium (cardiac muscle)
Epicardium (is the visceral layer of serous pericardium)
What is the systemic circulation?
, carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body, and returns deoxygenated
blood back to the heart
What is the pulmonary circulation?
circulation between heart and lungs
What is the flow of blood through the heart?
Superior and inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary
semilunar valve, pulmonary artery, lungs (picks up oxygen), pulmonary veins, left
atrium, mitral valve (bicuspid), left ventricle, aortic semilunar valve, aorta, to the body
What is coronary circulation?
Blood vessels that deliver blood to, and take blood from, the heart tissue itself.
What are the key vessels of coronary circulation?
Coronary Arteries
Coronary Veins
Coronary Sinus
What do the coronary arteries do?
Coronary arteries arise from the aorta, then branch and deliver highly oxygenated blood
to the heart walls,
What does the coronary veins do?
return poorly oxygenated blood from the myocardium into the coronary sinus which
empties directly into the right atrium.
What is the structure of cardiac muscle?
Striated, short branched cells, one or two nuclei per cell, numerous mitochondria,
connecting with each other via intercalated discs, has desmosomes and gap junctions.
