Cognitive Psychology UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Primary Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - short term, the degree of relationship of stored
info to consciousness, very consciously aware or short term
Secondary Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - not consciously aware of long term
memories unless try to be, long term
Chunking - CORRECT ANSWER - taking info that belongs together and grouping it so
that is it easier to remember
Sensory Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - short duration store for sensory info
Echoic: auditory, 3-4 seconds
Iconic: visual, 1/10 second
Haptic: smell, 2 seconds
Implicit Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - unaware of it, ex: how to tie a shoe
Explicit Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - aware of it
Semantic Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - dates of events, details
Episodic Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - pertaining to events in your own life
Short Term Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - in hippocampus, info gets lost or stored in
cortex, use rehearsal or memory strategies to move to long term memory
, Long Term Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - stored in cortex, if need to remember
something then hippocampus retrieves info to bring to consciousness
Ebbinghaus (1885) - CORRECT ANSWER - used himself as a subject, memorized
nonsense syllables because if use real words it contaminates your memory, went back and
relearned lists, looked for methods of saving.
Learning curve: takes time to get it at first, then each subsequent time gets better until a point
when start forgetting
Retention Curve: over time you stop forgetting
George Miller (1950s) - CORRECT ANSWER - pioneer of cognitive revolution, thought
that human mind was interesting
Magical #7: plus or minus two, number of terms a person can hold in short term memory
took people and gave them lists of varying lengths and most people could remember 7 at a time
Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) - CORRECT ANSWER - Standard model of memory:
Brown (1958) Peterson (1959) - CORRECT ANSWER - wanted to find out how long info
could staying their memory without rehearsal
subjects have to remember three letters and then count backwards by three
info in short term memory decays over time, duration of short term memory is 18 seconds, didn't
take into account that counting is interference
Proactive Interference - CORRECT ANSWER - Each additional time you do something,
performance declines because info tried to remember on first trial is interfering with new info/
old info interferes with making of new memories (new vs old bf)
Retroactive Interference - CORRECT ANSWER - New info interferes with memory of old
info (new locker combo)
Wickens (1972) - CORRECT ANSWER - performance with each trial declines
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Primary Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - short term, the degree of relationship of stored
info to consciousness, very consciously aware or short term
Secondary Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - not consciously aware of long term
memories unless try to be, long term
Chunking - CORRECT ANSWER - taking info that belongs together and grouping it so
that is it easier to remember
Sensory Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - short duration store for sensory info
Echoic: auditory, 3-4 seconds
Iconic: visual, 1/10 second
Haptic: smell, 2 seconds
Implicit Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - unaware of it, ex: how to tie a shoe
Explicit Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - aware of it
Semantic Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - dates of events, details
Episodic Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - pertaining to events in your own life
Short Term Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - in hippocampus, info gets lost or stored in
cortex, use rehearsal or memory strategies to move to long term memory
, Long Term Memory - CORRECT ANSWER - stored in cortex, if need to remember
something then hippocampus retrieves info to bring to consciousness
Ebbinghaus (1885) - CORRECT ANSWER - used himself as a subject, memorized
nonsense syllables because if use real words it contaminates your memory, went back and
relearned lists, looked for methods of saving.
Learning curve: takes time to get it at first, then each subsequent time gets better until a point
when start forgetting
Retention Curve: over time you stop forgetting
George Miller (1950s) - CORRECT ANSWER - pioneer of cognitive revolution, thought
that human mind was interesting
Magical #7: plus or minus two, number of terms a person can hold in short term memory
took people and gave them lists of varying lengths and most people could remember 7 at a time
Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) - CORRECT ANSWER - Standard model of memory:
Brown (1958) Peterson (1959) - CORRECT ANSWER - wanted to find out how long info
could staying their memory without rehearsal
subjects have to remember three letters and then count backwards by three
info in short term memory decays over time, duration of short term memory is 18 seconds, didn't
take into account that counting is interference
Proactive Interference - CORRECT ANSWER - Each additional time you do something,
performance declines because info tried to remember on first trial is interfering with new info/
old info interferes with making of new memories (new vs old bf)
Retroactive Interference - CORRECT ANSWER - New info interferes with memory of old
info (new locker combo)
Wickens (1972) - CORRECT ANSWER - performance with each trial declines
