BNKN601 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Authorative parents
Have clear expectations, also warm and supportive, and reciprocating. Their children
tended to achieve high levels of competent and independent behaviour with mature
levels of morality.
Authoritarian parents
Dominant and detached with a lower level of warmth. This results in disconnected,
withdrawn, and distrustful children.
Permissive parents
Giver their children relaxed or inconsistent direction. Children of these parents were the
least self-reliant, explorative or self-controlled
Trust vs. Mistrust
Erikson's first stage during the first year of life, infants learn to trust when they are cared
for in a consistent warm manner
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Erikson's stage in which a toddler learns to exercise will and to do things independently;
failure to do so causes shame and doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt
Erikson's third stage in which the child finds independence in planning, playing and
other activities
,Industry vs. Inferiority
Erikson's stage between 6 and 11 years, when the child learns to be productive,
developing confidence
Secure attachment
A relationship in which an infant obtains both comfort and confidence from the presence
of his or her caregiver. They will be able to explore themselves and their environment,
referencing back to their primary caregiver for support or encouragement if needed
Ambivalent attachment
Occurs when a caregiver has an inconsistent response to a child's distress, sometimes
responding appropriately, sometimes neglectfully
- very distressed when caregiver leaves, but mixed response upon their return
Avoident attachment
Relationship in which infants turn away from their mothers when reuniting after a brief
separation.
Disorganised attachment
Instability in a caregiving relationship that interferes with the child's sense of trust and
security. Infants find parents or caregivers emotionally unavailable. These children are
independent, self-sufficient, and competent beyond their ye
Pyschosis
A condition in which a person has impaired cognition, emotional, social and
communicative responses, and interpretation of reality
DSM-5 definition of schizophrenia
, Psychotic disorder
At least two of the following symptoms are present most of the time during a 1-month
period
Hallucinations
Delusions
Disorganized speech
Disorganized or catatonic behavior or
Negative symptoms such as loss of emotion
Schizophrenia
A psychotic disorder characterised by a major disturbance in thought, perception,
cognition, and pyschosocial functioning
diathesis-stress model
Suggests that a person may be predisposed for a mental disorder that remains
unexpressed until triggered by stress
Neuroanatomical abnormalities
It is thought that either genetics or environment factors during gestation are responsible
for the brain abnormalities with the effects remaining dormant until adolescence
Genetic predisposition
An individuals genetic makeup leaves them vulnerable to the development of a mental
illness
Biochemical differences
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Authorative parents
Have clear expectations, also warm and supportive, and reciprocating. Their children
tended to achieve high levels of competent and independent behaviour with mature
levels of morality.
Authoritarian parents
Dominant and detached with a lower level of warmth. This results in disconnected,
withdrawn, and distrustful children.
Permissive parents
Giver their children relaxed or inconsistent direction. Children of these parents were the
least self-reliant, explorative or self-controlled
Trust vs. Mistrust
Erikson's first stage during the first year of life, infants learn to trust when they are cared
for in a consistent warm manner
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Erikson's stage in which a toddler learns to exercise will and to do things independently;
failure to do so causes shame and doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt
Erikson's third stage in which the child finds independence in planning, playing and
other activities
,Industry vs. Inferiority
Erikson's stage between 6 and 11 years, when the child learns to be productive,
developing confidence
Secure attachment
A relationship in which an infant obtains both comfort and confidence from the presence
of his or her caregiver. They will be able to explore themselves and their environment,
referencing back to their primary caregiver for support or encouragement if needed
Ambivalent attachment
Occurs when a caregiver has an inconsistent response to a child's distress, sometimes
responding appropriately, sometimes neglectfully
- very distressed when caregiver leaves, but mixed response upon their return
Avoident attachment
Relationship in which infants turn away from their mothers when reuniting after a brief
separation.
Disorganised attachment
Instability in a caregiving relationship that interferes with the child's sense of trust and
security. Infants find parents or caregivers emotionally unavailable. These children are
independent, self-sufficient, and competent beyond their ye
Pyschosis
A condition in which a person has impaired cognition, emotional, social and
communicative responses, and interpretation of reality
DSM-5 definition of schizophrenia
, Psychotic disorder
At least two of the following symptoms are present most of the time during a 1-month
period
Hallucinations
Delusions
Disorganized speech
Disorganized or catatonic behavior or
Negative symptoms such as loss of emotion
Schizophrenia
A psychotic disorder characterised by a major disturbance in thought, perception,
cognition, and pyschosocial functioning
diathesis-stress model
Suggests that a person may be predisposed for a mental disorder that remains
unexpressed until triggered by stress
Neuroanatomical abnormalities
It is thought that either genetics or environment factors during gestation are responsible
for the brain abnormalities with the effects remaining dormant until adolescence
Genetic predisposition
An individuals genetic makeup leaves them vulnerable to the development of a mental
illness
Biochemical differences
