BNKN602 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
state the signs and symptoms of asthma
increase RR, increase HR, decrease SpO2, cough, dyspnoea, use of accessory
muscles, tripod position, audible wheeze, SOB, anxiety, chest pain, fatigue
state the pathophysiology of asthma
1. trigger factor
2. airway inflammation
3. hyper secretion of mucous, airway muscle constriction, swelling of bronchial
membranes.
4. narrow breathing passages.
5. wheezing, cough, SOB, tightness in chest.
State the aetiology of asthma
Asthma is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
This includes: exercise induced asthma (can worsen when air is cold or dry),
occupational induced asthma (triggered by workplace irritants such as chemicals,
fumes, gases or dust), and allergy induced asthma (triggered by airborne substances
such as pollen, smoke, tobacco, pet fur).
State 3 nursing diagnosis for asthma
1. ineffective airway clearance r/t increased production of mucous, and ineffective
cough.
, 2. impossible aired gas exchange r/t altered delivery of inspired O2.
3. anxiety r/t perceived threat of death and respiratory distress.
State 3 nursing assessments and rationale for asthma
1. RAPID assessment to assess airways (patent), breathing (RR, WOB, wheezing,
tripod positioning).
2. Posterior chest assessment (auscultation) to listen to lungs for adventitious sounds.
3. Peak flow assessment to assess force of expiration.
State 3 nursing interventions and rationale for asthma
1. Administer bronchodilators through nebuliser of spacer to expand the airway and
increase O2 flow.
2. Administer oxygen as prescribed to maintain oxygen levels in the blood.
3. sit patient upright to maximise air entry.
State the signs and symptoms of Tuberculosis (TB)
chronic productive cough, tiredness, night sweats, weight loss, swollen glands (usually
in the neck).
state the aetiology of Tuberculosis (TB)
an acute or chronic infection caused by the mycobacterium tuberculosis.
state 2 nursing diagnosis for tuberculosis (TB)
1. ineffective airway clearance r/t thick secretions, fatigue, and poor cough.
2. risk of impaired gas exchange r/t decrease lung surface functioning.
state 3 nursing assessments and rationale for tuberculosis
1. RAPID assessment to assess airways (patency) and breathing (RR, presence of
cough, depth of breathing).
SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
state the signs and symptoms of asthma
increase RR, increase HR, decrease SpO2, cough, dyspnoea, use of accessory
muscles, tripod position, audible wheeze, SOB, anxiety, chest pain, fatigue
state the pathophysiology of asthma
1. trigger factor
2. airway inflammation
3. hyper secretion of mucous, airway muscle constriction, swelling of bronchial
membranes.
4. narrow breathing passages.
5. wheezing, cough, SOB, tightness in chest.
State the aetiology of asthma
Asthma is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
This includes: exercise induced asthma (can worsen when air is cold or dry),
occupational induced asthma (triggered by workplace irritants such as chemicals,
fumes, gases or dust), and allergy induced asthma (triggered by airborne substances
such as pollen, smoke, tobacco, pet fur).
State 3 nursing diagnosis for asthma
1. ineffective airway clearance r/t increased production of mucous, and ineffective
cough.
, 2. impossible aired gas exchange r/t altered delivery of inspired O2.
3. anxiety r/t perceived threat of death and respiratory distress.
State 3 nursing assessments and rationale for asthma
1. RAPID assessment to assess airways (patent), breathing (RR, WOB, wheezing,
tripod positioning).
2. Posterior chest assessment (auscultation) to listen to lungs for adventitious sounds.
3. Peak flow assessment to assess force of expiration.
State 3 nursing interventions and rationale for asthma
1. Administer bronchodilators through nebuliser of spacer to expand the airway and
increase O2 flow.
2. Administer oxygen as prescribed to maintain oxygen levels in the blood.
3. sit patient upright to maximise air entry.
State the signs and symptoms of Tuberculosis (TB)
chronic productive cough, tiredness, night sweats, weight loss, swollen glands (usually
in the neck).
state the aetiology of Tuberculosis (TB)
an acute or chronic infection caused by the mycobacterium tuberculosis.
state 2 nursing diagnosis for tuberculosis (TB)
1. ineffective airway clearance r/t thick secretions, fatigue, and poor cough.
2. risk of impaired gas exchange r/t decrease lung surface functioning.
state 3 nursing assessments and rationale for tuberculosis
1. RAPID assessment to assess airways (patency) and breathing (RR, presence of
cough, depth of breathing).
