Principles of Sociology Final Exam
Social Stratification - answersA system in which groups of people are divided into layers
according to their relative property, power, and prestige
slavery - answersIndividuals owning other people
ideology - answersBeliefs that justify social arrangements, making those arrangements
seem necessary and fair
caste system - answersbirth determines status
edogamy - answersmarriage within their own group, and prohibit intermarriage
class system - answersbased primarily on money or material possessions, which can be
acquired; more open
social mobility - answersmovement up or down the class ladder
means of production - answersthe tools, factories, land, and investment capital used to
produce wealth
class consciousness - answersA shared identity based on their position in the means of
production
false class consciousness - answersworkers mistakenly thinking of themselves as
capitalists
meritocracy - answersa form of social stratification in which all positions are awarded on
the basis of merit
divine right of kings - answersthe idea that the king's authority comes directly from God
colonialism - answersstresses that the countries that industrialized first got the jump on
the rest of the world
globalization of capitalism - answersthe adoption of capitalism around the world
, culture of poverty - answersa way of life that perpetuates poverty from one generation to
the next
neocolonialism - answersthe economic and political dominance of the Least
Industrialized Nations by the Most Industrialized Nations
Multinational Corporations - answerscompanies that operate across many national
boundaries, also help to maintain the global dominance of the MIN
social class - answerslarge group of people who rank closely to one another in property,
power, and prestige
property - answerssuch as buildings, land, animals, machinery, cars, stocks, bonds,
business, furniture, jewelry and bank accounts
wealth - answersthe total value of everything someone owns, minus the debts
income - answersflow of money
power - answersthe ability to get your way despite resistance
power elite - answersthose who make the big decisions in U.S. society
prestige - answersrespect or regard
status - answersa position in a social class
tradictory class locations - answersperson's position in class structure can penetrate
contradictory interests
underclass - answersa group of people for whom poverty persists year after year and
across generations
inter-generational mobility - answersthe change that family members make in social
class from one generation to the next
structural mobility - answersmovement up or down the structural class ladder that is due
to changes in the structure of society, not to individual efforts
exchange mobility - answerslarge numbers of people move up and down the social
class ladder, but on balance, the proportions of the social class remain about the same
poverty line - answersthe official measure of poverty; calculated to include incomes that
are less than three times a low-cost food budget
Social Stratification - answersA system in which groups of people are divided into layers
according to their relative property, power, and prestige
slavery - answersIndividuals owning other people
ideology - answersBeliefs that justify social arrangements, making those arrangements
seem necessary and fair
caste system - answersbirth determines status
edogamy - answersmarriage within their own group, and prohibit intermarriage
class system - answersbased primarily on money or material possessions, which can be
acquired; more open
social mobility - answersmovement up or down the class ladder
means of production - answersthe tools, factories, land, and investment capital used to
produce wealth
class consciousness - answersA shared identity based on their position in the means of
production
false class consciousness - answersworkers mistakenly thinking of themselves as
capitalists
meritocracy - answersa form of social stratification in which all positions are awarded on
the basis of merit
divine right of kings - answersthe idea that the king's authority comes directly from God
colonialism - answersstresses that the countries that industrialized first got the jump on
the rest of the world
globalization of capitalism - answersthe adoption of capitalism around the world
, culture of poverty - answersa way of life that perpetuates poverty from one generation to
the next
neocolonialism - answersthe economic and political dominance of the Least
Industrialized Nations by the Most Industrialized Nations
Multinational Corporations - answerscompanies that operate across many national
boundaries, also help to maintain the global dominance of the MIN
social class - answerslarge group of people who rank closely to one another in property,
power, and prestige
property - answerssuch as buildings, land, animals, machinery, cars, stocks, bonds,
business, furniture, jewelry and bank accounts
wealth - answersthe total value of everything someone owns, minus the debts
income - answersflow of money
power - answersthe ability to get your way despite resistance
power elite - answersthose who make the big decisions in U.S. society
prestige - answersrespect or regard
status - answersa position in a social class
tradictory class locations - answersperson's position in class structure can penetrate
contradictory interests
underclass - answersa group of people for whom poverty persists year after year and
across generations
inter-generational mobility - answersthe change that family members make in social
class from one generation to the next
structural mobility - answersmovement up or down the structural class ladder that is due
to changes in the structure of society, not to individual efforts
exchange mobility - answerslarge numbers of people move up and down the social
class ladder, but on balance, the proportions of the social class remain about the same
poverty line - answersthe official measure of poverty; calculated to include incomes that
are less than three times a low-cost food budget
