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In the late 1800s, healthcare was primarily delivered - ✔✔In the home
In the late 1800s, hospitals were supported by - ✔✔Philanthropy and religious
organizations
There was no federal regulation of healthcare in the - ✔✔Late 1800s
The first (infrequent) medical malpractice lawsuits took place in - ✔✔The 1840s
The American Medical Association was founded in - ✔✔1847
In 1849, the American Medical Association started publishing articles to warn
the public of - ✔✔Quack remedies and nostrums
Examples of quack remedies include - ✔✔Snake oil, wizard oil, brain salt, etc
Uptown Sinclair published "The Jungle" in - ✔✔1905
Sinclair's "The Jungle" exposes - ✔✔Unsanitary and abusive working conditions
in meat processing
The Meat Inspection Act of 1906 - ✔✔Made it so that meat would be inspected
by the government. It began a quality rating system as well as increased the
sanitation requirements for meat producers.
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, The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 - ✔✔Forbade the manufacture or sale of
mislabeled or adulterated food or drugs
Early 1900s- progressives believed in - ✔✔Positivism
Positivism is a belief that - ✔✔Unfettered human ingenuity will forever advance
the state of art in a given field
Positivism envisions a degree of - ✔✔Self-governance: physicians and hospitals
will naturally strive to improve quality and safety. There is no need for
government intervention to spur healthcare innovations
In the early 1900s, the American College of Surgeons (now joint commissions) -
✔✔Begin inspecting hospitals for compliance with community standards
Government oversight IS necessary to reign in - ✔✔Quacks and crooks
"The ""New Deal"" of the 1930s - ✔✔Promoted growth of
government/rulemaking
Focus of government regulation: - ✔✔Punishment and financial sanctions
Civil Monetary Penalties - ✔✔Federal agencies were given authority to issue
penalties to address noncompliance
There was a dramatic reduction of criminal prosecutions for FDA violations
between - ✔✔1930 and 1950
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