Pharmacology NURS 251 Module Exam 6 Portage Learning/ABC Nursing/ Geneva college Questions and Answers

Question 1 Define what an antibiotic is. Answer: Antibiotics are drugs that have the ability to destroy or interfere with the development of a living organism, typically bacteria. Question 2 True/False: One common ailment that Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause is strep throat. True False Question 3 Select the incorrect statement below. Health care associated infections are easier to treat because the patient is already in the hospital and can obtain treatment quickly. Gram- negative bacteria tend to be harder to treat. Anaerobic bacteria are commonly found in the GI tract. Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium. Being susceptible to the antibacterial actions Effectiveness against a wide variety pathogens Ability to resist the actions of antibiotics Single celled microorganism Cause disease Question 4 List one example of a gram-positive bacteria and one example of a gram-negative bacteria. Specify whether each bacteria is gram-positive or gram-negative. Answer: Gram positive examples: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Enterococcus faecalis. Gram-negative examples: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Escherichia Coli (E coli), Enterobacter species. Question 5 Match the following terms with the correct definition. (1 point each) Antibiotic Spectrum Broad Spectrum Bacteria resistance Bacteria Pathogenic Question 6 Select the description below that is NOT a mechanism of action associated with antibiotics. Interference with bacterial cell wall synthesis Interference with carbohydrate synthesis Interference with replication of DNA and RNA Antimetabolite action that disrupts important metabolic reactions within the bacterial cell Question 7 What is the term for an antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial growth? Answer: bacteriostatic. Question 8 Provide an example of a medication that is in the following antibiotic classes: (2 points each) 1. Aminopenicillin 2. Macrolide 3. Tetracycline 4. Fluoroquinolones 5. Aminoglycosides Answer: 1. Amoxicillin 2. Azithromycin or clarithromycin or erythromycin 3. Doxycycline, minocycline, tigecycline 4. Levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin 5. Amikacin, tobramycin Question 9 What is the serious (sometimes fatal) skin reaction associated with sulfonamides? Answer: Steven’s Johnson Syndrome Question 10 Select the incorrect statement regarding the antibiotic Bactrim. Commonly used to treat UTIs The mechanism of action involves inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis They are safe to use in pregnancy They are known to increase the risk of hypoglycemia when combined with sulfonylureas. Question 11 True or False. Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim is a bactericidal antibiotic. True False Question 12 Penicillins and Cephalosporins fall under the broader category of what type of antibiotics? Answer: Beta Lactams Question 13 Ear Infections Resistant Staph infections Strep Throat Sepsis Match the Penicillin antibiotic with the common use (1 point each) Amoxicillin Cloxacillin Penicillin Piperacillin/tazobatam Question 14 True or False. Penicillin allergies are relatively uncommon. True False False. Penicillins have the highest incidence of drug allergy of all the drug classes. Question 15 Select the true statement regarding the cephalosporins' spectrum of activity All five generation have the same spectrum of activity and only vary in side effects The amount of gram-negative coverage increases with later generations. The fifth generation is the only generation with anaerobic coverage. None of the cephalosporins have any coverage against MRSA.