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“FLUORESCENCE AND PHOSPHORESCENCE”

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Fluorescence and phosphorescence are two types of luminescence, where materials emit light after absorbing energy. Both phenomena are a result of electron transitions within atoms or molecules, but they differ in their mechanisms and duration of light emission. Fluorescence occurs when a substance absorbs light or electromagnetic radiation and quickly re-emits it. The emission typically happens almost instantaneously, within nanoseconds, and the light emitted has a longer wavelength (lower energy) than the absorbed light. This makes fluorescence a short-lived phenomenon.1 Phosphorescence, on the other hand, involves a delayed emission of light. When a material absorbs energy, electrons are excited to a higher energy state. In phosphorescence, the electron transitions to a "forbidden" state, which means the return to the ground state is slower. This causes the emission of light to continue over a much longer period, from microseconds to hours, even after the external light source is removed. In summary, the key difference is the duration of light emission: fluorescence is immediate, while phosphorescence is delayed.

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Summer Internship Project

“FLUORESCENCE AND PHOSPHORESCENCE”

Department of Chemistry
Submitted To:

SHRI JAI NARAIN MISRA DEGREECOLLEGE

(KKC)

CHARBAGH, LUCKNOW




Submitted By :

SUGAM

B.Sc. 5th Semester

ROLL NO. -: 2210404010611

BATCH -: 2024 – 2025.

, DECLARATION

I, SUGAM hereby declare that the One month Training report Entitled “FLUORESCENCE
AND PHOSPHORESCENCE” is done by me under the guidance of Ms. Sumitra Maurya
Shri Jai Narain Misra Degreecollege Charbagh, Lucknow, Lucknow.

I also declare that no part of this thesis has previously been submitted to any University or
any examining body for any diploma or degree.




Date –

Place -

SUGAM

B.Sc. 5th Semester

ROLL NO. -: 2210404010611

, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Every work constitutes great deal of assistance and guidance from the people concerned and
this particular project is of no exception.

A project of the nature is surely a result of tremendous support, guidance, encouragement and
help. So here I have made some sincere efforts to thank some of the eminent persons
involved in making this project because without their encouragement and support this report
would have been non-existent.

I wish to place on record my sincere gratitude to my project guide Ms. Sumitra Maurya
(Assistant Professor). I thank him for constructive help and encouragement throughout the
project. Without his support and guidance taking this would not have been possible.

Also, wish to acknowledge enthusiastic encouragement and support extended to me by my
family members.

I’m also thankful to my friends who provided me their constant support and assistance.




SUGAM

B.Sc. 5th Semester

ROLL NO. -: 2210404010611

, TABLE OF CONTENT


INTRODUCTION
BASIC PRINCIPLES
COMPARATIVE STUDY: FLUORESCENCE VS.
PHOSPHORESCENCE
TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTATION
APPLICATIONS IN VARIOUS FIELDS
CHALLENGES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
CONCLUSION

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