BLD 313 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Three clinical uses of Flame Photometry?
Sodium, Potassium and Lithium.
Describe the temperature distribution of a flame?
Temp of flame is highest in center of rounded part of flame.
Temp varies with fuel and oxidant
Five steps of flame photometry
1. patients specimen burned in a flame
2. free electrons are produced from combustion of components
3. metal ions receive the free electrons and becomes an atom
4. heat excites the atom
five. light is emitted when excited atom goes back to ground state
What is a metal specific spectra?
each metal has a unique spectra
,How do you quantify flame photometry?
Intensity of emission is proportional to concentration
Seven steps of atomic absorption spectroscopy?
1. spray specimen into a flame
2. solvent evaporates
3. free electrons are produced from combustion of components
4. metal ions receive free electrons and become an atom
five. vaporized atoms absorb specific wavelengths of light and become excited
six. atoms emit same wavelength of light as they go back down to ground state
seven. absorbance is directly proportional to concentration (Beer's Law)
Seven components of an AAS device
Hollow cathode: cathode made of same metal as analyte, filled with inert gas (argon or
neon depending on analyte), bulb made of quarts or special glass for wavelength
Chopper: blocks path of incident light while measuring absorption
Flame: usually around 2300C
Entrance slit
Monochromator
Exit slit
detector
, What are the two types of interference for AAS? How do you fix them?
Emission: emission value subtracted from total detected value
Particulate: particulates scatter light and reduce transmitted light which mimics light
absorption. evaluated by a non absorbing wavelength from a separate source, if there is
an absorbance of another wavelength, it is particulate interference.
Use of ICP spectroscopy?
Trace metal at parts per trillion level
Eight steps of ICP spectroscopy?
1. argon gas run into ICP torch
2. electric current ro a coil in ICP torch produces radio frequency
3. argon gas is heated by frequency and becomes plasma
4. sample sprayed into plasma
five. free electrons produces from combustion of components
six. metal ions receive free electrons and become atoms
7. heat excites atom
8. light is emitted as atom goes back down to ground state
How can you use ICP for charge determination?
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Three clinical uses of Flame Photometry?
Sodium, Potassium and Lithium.
Describe the temperature distribution of a flame?
Temp of flame is highest in center of rounded part of flame.
Temp varies with fuel and oxidant
Five steps of flame photometry
1. patients specimen burned in a flame
2. free electrons are produced from combustion of components
3. metal ions receive the free electrons and becomes an atom
4. heat excites the atom
five. light is emitted when excited atom goes back to ground state
What is a metal specific spectra?
each metal has a unique spectra
,How do you quantify flame photometry?
Intensity of emission is proportional to concentration
Seven steps of atomic absorption spectroscopy?
1. spray specimen into a flame
2. solvent evaporates
3. free electrons are produced from combustion of components
4. metal ions receive free electrons and become an atom
five. vaporized atoms absorb specific wavelengths of light and become excited
six. atoms emit same wavelength of light as they go back down to ground state
seven. absorbance is directly proportional to concentration (Beer's Law)
Seven components of an AAS device
Hollow cathode: cathode made of same metal as analyte, filled with inert gas (argon or
neon depending on analyte), bulb made of quarts or special glass for wavelength
Chopper: blocks path of incident light while measuring absorption
Flame: usually around 2300C
Entrance slit
Monochromator
Exit slit
detector
, What are the two types of interference for AAS? How do you fix them?
Emission: emission value subtracted from total detected value
Particulate: particulates scatter light and reduce transmitted light which mimics light
absorption. evaluated by a non absorbing wavelength from a separate source, if there is
an absorbance of another wavelength, it is particulate interference.
Use of ICP spectroscopy?
Trace metal at parts per trillion level
Eight steps of ICP spectroscopy?
1. argon gas run into ICP torch
2. electric current ro a coil in ICP torch produces radio frequency
3. argon gas is heated by frequency and becomes plasma
4. sample sprayed into plasma
five. free electrons produces from combustion of components
six. metal ions receive free electrons and become atoms
7. heat excites atom
8. light is emitted as atom goes back down to ground state
How can you use ICP for charge determination?
