CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
EXAM
1.A nurse educating a client on the antacid magnesium oxide (Mag-Ox) should warn the
client of which of the following adverse reactions? Select all that apply.
A) Tremors
B) Anorexia
C) Diarrhea
D) Dehydration E) Hypotension Answer: C, D, E Response:
Adverse reactions of magnesium oxide (Mag-Ox) include severe diarrhea, dehydration,
and hypermagnesemia (nausea, vomiting, hypotension, and decreased respirations).
2. A nurse educating a client on the antacid calcium carbonate (Mylanta) should warn the
client of which of the following adverse reactions? Select all that apply.
A) Rebound hyperacidity
B) Anorexia
C) Headache
D) Dehydration
E) Confusion Answer: A, C, E Response:
Adverse reactions of calcium carbonate (Mylanta) include rebound hyperacidity,
metabolic alkalosis, hypercalcemia, vomiting, confusion, headache, renal calculi,
and neurologic impairment.
3. At a yearly physical examination, a client asks the nurse if it would be okay to take
ginger to aid with digestion. Before telling the client it is okay to take ginger, which
medical conditions should the nurse make sure the client does not have? Select all that
apply.
A) Hypertension
B) Kidney stones
C) Vitamin B12 deficiency
D) Gallstones
E) Liver disease Answer: A, D Response:
Ginger should be used cautiously in clients with hypertension or gallstones and during
pregnancy and lactation.
4. After teaching a group of nursing students about upper gastrointestinal system drugs,
the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify
which of the following as a gastrointestinal stimulant?
A) Ranitidine (Zantac)
B) Misoprostol (Cytotec)
C) Omeprazole (Prilosec)
D) Metoclopramide (Reglan) Answer: D Response:
Metoclopramide (Reglan) is classified as a gastrointestinal stimulant. Ranitidine is a
histamine-2 receptor antagonist. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor. Misoprostol is
a miscellaneous acid reducer.
Page 2
, 5. A nurse should recognize that administering antacids to clients taking which of the
following medications can result in decreased drug absorption and decreased drug
effects? Select all that apply. A) Simvastatin (Zocor)
B) Isoniazid (Nydrazid)
C) Digoxin (Lanoxin)
D) Phenytoin (Dilantin)
E) Enalapril (Vasotec) Answer: B, C, D Response:
Antacids decrease the absorption of digoxin, isoniazid, phenytoin, and chlorpromazine,
leading to decreased effect of those drugs.
6. A client is diagnosed with an infection with H. pylori. Which of the following drugs are
commonly used in combination with certain antibiotics in the treatment of this
infection? Select all that apply. A) Metoclopramide (Reglan)
B) Omeprazole (Prilosec)
C) Ondansweretron (Zofran)
D) Lansweroprazole (Prevacid)
E) Promethazine (Phenergan) Answer: B, D Response:
The proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole (Prilosec) and lansweroprazole (Prevacid),
are commonly used in combination with certain antibiotics in the treatment of H. pylori.
7. The nurse should administer which of the following medications cautiously to clients
with vitamin B12 deficiency as the prolonged use of these drugs decreases the body's
ability to absorb vitamin B12? Select all that apply.
A) Metoclopramide (Reglan)
B) Rabeprazole (AcipHex)
C) Sucralfate (Carafate)
D) Pantoprazole (Protonix)
E) Promethazine (Phenergan) Answer: B, D Response:
The nurse should administer proton pump inhibitors, like rabeprazole (AcipHex) and
pantoprazole (Protonix), cautiously to clients with vitamin B12 deficiency as the
prolonged use of these drugs decreases the body's ability to absorb vitamin B12.
8. A nurse should monitor a client taking which of the following drugs for increased
adverse effects and toxicity if omeprazole (Prilosec) therapy is initiated? Select all that
apply.
A) Phenobarbital (Luminal)
B) Digoxin (Lanoxin)
C) Diazepam (Valium)
D) Warfarin (Coumadin)
E) Ketoconazole (Nizoral) Answer: B, C, D Response:
The initiation of proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole (Prilosec), can result in
increased adverse reactions and toxicities of warfarin (Coumadin), benzodiazepines
(diazepam), digoxin (Lanoxin), phenytoin (Dilantin), and clarithromycin (Biaxin).
Page 3
EXAM
1.A nurse educating a client on the antacid magnesium oxide (Mag-Ox) should warn the
client of which of the following adverse reactions? Select all that apply.
A) Tremors
B) Anorexia
C) Diarrhea
D) Dehydration E) Hypotension Answer: C, D, E Response:
Adverse reactions of magnesium oxide (Mag-Ox) include severe diarrhea, dehydration,
and hypermagnesemia (nausea, vomiting, hypotension, and decreased respirations).
2. A nurse educating a client on the antacid calcium carbonate (Mylanta) should warn the
client of which of the following adverse reactions? Select all that apply.
A) Rebound hyperacidity
B) Anorexia
C) Headache
D) Dehydration
E) Confusion Answer: A, C, E Response:
Adverse reactions of calcium carbonate (Mylanta) include rebound hyperacidity,
metabolic alkalosis, hypercalcemia, vomiting, confusion, headache, renal calculi,
and neurologic impairment.
3. At a yearly physical examination, a client asks the nurse if it would be okay to take
ginger to aid with digestion. Before telling the client it is okay to take ginger, which
medical conditions should the nurse make sure the client does not have? Select all that
apply.
A) Hypertension
B) Kidney stones
C) Vitamin B12 deficiency
D) Gallstones
E) Liver disease Answer: A, D Response:
Ginger should be used cautiously in clients with hypertension or gallstones and during
pregnancy and lactation.
4. After teaching a group of nursing students about upper gastrointestinal system drugs,
the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify
which of the following as a gastrointestinal stimulant?
A) Ranitidine (Zantac)
B) Misoprostol (Cytotec)
C) Omeprazole (Prilosec)
D) Metoclopramide (Reglan) Answer: D Response:
Metoclopramide (Reglan) is classified as a gastrointestinal stimulant. Ranitidine is a
histamine-2 receptor antagonist. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor. Misoprostol is
a miscellaneous acid reducer.
Page 2
, 5. A nurse should recognize that administering antacids to clients taking which of the
following medications can result in decreased drug absorption and decreased drug
effects? Select all that apply. A) Simvastatin (Zocor)
B) Isoniazid (Nydrazid)
C) Digoxin (Lanoxin)
D) Phenytoin (Dilantin)
E) Enalapril (Vasotec) Answer: B, C, D Response:
Antacids decrease the absorption of digoxin, isoniazid, phenytoin, and chlorpromazine,
leading to decreased effect of those drugs.
6. A client is diagnosed with an infection with H. pylori. Which of the following drugs are
commonly used in combination with certain antibiotics in the treatment of this
infection? Select all that apply. A) Metoclopramide (Reglan)
B) Omeprazole (Prilosec)
C) Ondansweretron (Zofran)
D) Lansweroprazole (Prevacid)
E) Promethazine (Phenergan) Answer: B, D Response:
The proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole (Prilosec) and lansweroprazole (Prevacid),
are commonly used in combination with certain antibiotics in the treatment of H. pylori.
7. The nurse should administer which of the following medications cautiously to clients
with vitamin B12 deficiency as the prolonged use of these drugs decreases the body's
ability to absorb vitamin B12? Select all that apply.
A) Metoclopramide (Reglan)
B) Rabeprazole (AcipHex)
C) Sucralfate (Carafate)
D) Pantoprazole (Protonix)
E) Promethazine (Phenergan) Answer: B, D Response:
The nurse should administer proton pump inhibitors, like rabeprazole (AcipHex) and
pantoprazole (Protonix), cautiously to clients with vitamin B12 deficiency as the
prolonged use of these drugs decreases the body's ability to absorb vitamin B12.
8. A nurse should monitor a client taking which of the following drugs for increased
adverse effects and toxicity if omeprazole (Prilosec) therapy is initiated? Select all that
apply.
A) Phenobarbital (Luminal)
B) Digoxin (Lanoxin)
C) Diazepam (Valium)
D) Warfarin (Coumadin)
E) Ketoconazole (Nizoral) Answer: B, C, D Response:
The initiation of proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole (Prilosec), can result in
increased adverse reactions and toxicities of warfarin (Coumadin), benzodiazepines
(diazepam), digoxin (Lanoxin), phenytoin (Dilantin), and clarithromycin (Biaxin).
Page 3
