Test bank for Foundations of Mental Health Care 8th Edition by Michelle Morrison-Valfre

TEST BANK |! |! |!
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Test Bank for Foundations of Mental Health Care
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8th Edition
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TEST BANK |!

,Michelle Morrison-Valfre: Foundations of Mental Health Care 8th Edition
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Chapter 01: The History of Mental Care
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MULTIPLE |!CHOICE

1. The |!belief |!of |!the |!ancient |!Greek |!philosopher |!Plato |!that |!the |!rational |!soul |!controlled |!the
|!irrational |!soul |!could |!be |!compared |!with |!the |!belief |!of |!the |!more |!recent |!psychological
|!theorist:

a. Freud
b. Pinel
c. Fisher
d. Rush

ANS: |!A
Sigmund |!Freud |!believed |!that |!mental |!illness |!was, |!in |!part, |!caused |!by |!forces |!both |!within |!and
|!outside |!the |!personality. |!Philippe |!Pinel |!advocated |!acceptance |!of |!mentally |!ill |!individuals |!as

|!human |!beings |!in |!need |!of |!medical |!assistance. |!Alice |!Fisher |!was |!a |!Florence |!Nightingale

|!nurse |!who |!cared |!for |!the |!mentally |!ill, |!and |!Dr. |!Benjamin |!Rush |!was |!the |!author |!of |!the |!book

|!Diseases |!of |!the |!Mind.




PTS: | ! 1 DIF: Cognitive |!Level: |!Comprehension REF: |!p. |!4
|!OBJ: | ! 2 TOP: |!Early |!Years |!of |!Mental |!Health
KEY: | ! Nursing |!Process |!Step: |!Assessment MSC: |!Client |!Needs: |!Psychosocial |!Integrity

2. During |!the |!mid-1500s, |!behaviors |!associated |!with |!mental |!illness |!were |!more
accurately |!recorded |!by |!professionals. |!This |!practice |!led |!to
|! for |!different |!abnormal
behaviors.
|!

a. Classifications
b. Diagnosing
c. Treatment
d. Education
ANS: |!A
Classification |!of |!abnormal |!behaviors |!did |!not |!begin |!until |!this |!time, |!after |!the |!practice |!of |!more
|!accurate |!recording |!of |!behaviors |!was |!begun. |!Diagnoses, |!treatment |!guidelines, |!and |!any

|!education |!regarding |!mental |!health |!disorders |!were |!not |!available |!during |!this |!period.




PTS: | ! 1 DIF: Cognitive |!Level: |!Knowledge REF: |!p. |!5
|!OBJ: | ! 3 TOP: |!Mental |!Illness |!During |!the |!Renaissance
KEY: | ! Nursing |!Process |!Step: |!Assessment MSC: |!Client |!Needs: |!Psychosocial |!Integrity

3. During |!the |!latter |!part |!of |!the |!eighteenth |!century, |!psychiatry |!became |!a |!separate |!branch |!of
medicine, |!and |!inhumane |!treatment |!was |!greatly |!diminished |!by |!the |!French |!hospital
|!

director:
|!

a. Dix
b. Beers
c. Pinel
d. Carter
ANS: |!C

, Philippe |!Pinel |!advocated |!acceptance |!of |!the |!mentally |!ill, |!as |!well |!as |!proper |!treatment. |!Dorothea
|!Dix |!crusaded |!for |!construction |!of |!mental |!health |!hospitals. |!Clifford |!Beers |!wrote |!the |!book |!A

|!Mind |!That |!Found |!Itself. |!President |!Jimmy |!Carter |!established |!the |!President’s |!Commission

|!on |!Mental |!Health |!in |!1978.




PTS: | ! 1 DIF: Cognitive |!Level: |!Knowledge REF: |!p. |!5
|!OBJ: | ! 4 TOP: |!Mental |!Illness |!in |!the |!Eighteenth |!Century
KEY: | ! Nursing |!Process |!Step: |!Assessment MSC: |!Client |!Needs: |!Psychosocial |!Integrity

4. In |!1841, surveyed |!asylums, |!jails, |!and |!almshouses |!throughout |!the |!United
|!States, |!Canada, |!and |!Scotland |!and |!is |!credited |!with |!bringing |!about |!public |!awareness |!and

|!reform |!for |!the |!care |!of |!the |!mentally |!ill.

a. Sigmund |!Freud
b. John |!Cade
c. Florence |!Nightingale
d. Dorothea |!Dix

ANS: |!D
Dorothea |!Dix |!spent |!20 |!years |!surveying |!facilities |!that |!housed |!mentally |!ill |!individuals |!and |!is
|!credited |!with |!major |!changes |!in |!the |!care |!of |!the |!mentally |!ill. |!Sigmund |!Freud |!introduced |!the

|!concept |!of |!psychoanalysis, |!John |!Cade |!discovered |!lithium |!carbonate |!for |!the |!treatment |!of

|!bipolar |!disorder, |!and |!Florence |!Nightingale |!trained |!nurses |!in |!England |!in |!the |!1800s.




PTS: | ! 1 DIF: Cognitive |!Level: |!Knowledge REF: |!p. |!6
|!OBJ: | ! 4 TOP: |!Mental |!Illness |!in |!the |!Nineteenth |!Century
KEY: | ! Nursing |!Process |!Step: |!Assessment MSC: |!Client |!Needs: |!Psychosocial |!Integrity

5. As |!a |!direct |!result |!of |!Clifford!|N
B e eRr s ’ |!w
IorG
k |!a nBd .b oCo k ,MA |!Mind |!That |!Found |!Itself, |!the
Committee|!for |!Mental |!HygieneU
|!
|!S
|!was |!formed |!in |!1909 |!with |!a |!focus |!on |!prevention |!of |!mental

illness |!and:
|!

a. Early |!detection |!of |!symptoms |!of |!mental |!illness
b. Education |!of |!caregivers
c. Current |!treatment |!options
d. Removing |!the |!stigma |!attached |!to |!mental |!illness

ANS: |!D
Clifford |!Beers’ |!book |!reflected |!on |!his |!attempt |!at |!suicide |!followed |!by |!the |!deplorable |!care |!he
|!received |!for |!the |!next |!3 |!years |!in |!mental |!hospitals. |!Beers’ |!work |!and |!book |!raised |!the

|!consciousness |!of |!people |!throughout |!the |!country |!regarding |!prevention |!and |!removal |!of |!the

stigma |!of |!having |!a |!mental |!illness. |!Early |!detection |!of |!symptoms, |!education |!of |!caregivers, |!and
|!current |!treatment |!options |!regarding |!mental |!illness |!were |!not |!the |!focus |!of |!his |!book, |!nor

|!were |!they |!a |!priority |!for |!the |!Committee |!for |!Mental |!Hygiene.




PTS: | ! 1 DIF: Cognitive |!Level: |!Knowledge REF: |!p. |!6
|!OBJ: | ! 4 TOP: |!Mental |!Illness |!in |!the |!Twentieth |!Century
KEY: | ! Nursing |!Process |!Step: |!Assessment MSC: |!Client |!Needs: |!Psychosocial |!Integrity

6. During |!the |!1930s, |!what |!common |!treatment |!for |!schizophrenia |!caused |!clients |!to |!fall |!into |!a
coma |!that |!could |!last |!as |!long |!as |!50 |!hours?
|!

a. Electroconvulsive |!therapy
b. Insulin |!therapy
c. Humoral |!therapy

, d. Amphetamine |!therapy
ANS: |!B
Insulin |!therapy |!was |!believed |!to |!successfully |!treat |!schizophrenia |!in |!the |!early |!1900s.
|!Amphetamines |!were |!used |!to |!treat |!depression, |!and |!electroconvulsive |!therapy |!was |!used |!for

|!severe |!depression. |!Humoral |!therapy, |!which |!originated |!in |!ancient |!Greece |!and |!Rome, |!was |!a

|!belief |!that |!mental |!illness |!resulted |!from |!an |!imbalance |!of |!the |!humors |!of |!air, |!fire, |!water, |!and

|!earth.




PTS: | ! 1 DIF: Cognitive |!Level: |!Knowledge REF: |!p. |!8
|!OBJ: | ! 5 TOP: |!Influences |!of |!War |!on |!Mental |!Health
|!Therapies

KEY: | ! Nursing |!Process |!Step: |!Assessment MSC: |!Client |!Needs: |!Psychosocial |!Integrity

7. In |!the |!1930s, |!what |!mental |!health |!disorder |!was |!electroconvulsive |!therapy |!(ECT) |!most
often |!used |!to |!treat?
|!

a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar |!disorder
c. Severe |!depression
d. Violent |!behavior
ANS: |!C
ECT |!was |!found |!to |!be |!an |!effective |!treatment |!for |!severe |!depression |!in |!the |!1930s. |!During |!this
|!period, |!schizophrenia |!was |!treated |!with |!insulin |!therapy, |!and |!violent |!behavior |!was |!treated |!with |!a

|!lobotomy. |!In |!1949, |!lithium |!carbonate |!was |!discovered |!as |!a |!treatment |!for |!bipolar |!disorder.



PTS: | ! 1 DIF: Cognitive |!Level: |!Knowledge REF: |!p. |!6
|!OBJ: | ! 5 TOP: |!Influences |!of |!War |!on |!Mental |!Health
|!Therapies


NssesRsmeI
KEY: | ! Nursing |!Process |!Step: |!A nt | ! GM SBC :. C Cl i e n Mt | ! Needs: |!Psychosocial |!Integrity
U S N T
|! |! |! |! |! O
8. In |!the |!early |!twentieth |!century, |!a |!frontal |!lobotomy |!was |!a |!common |!treatment |!for |!violent
behaviors. |!Which |!description |!of |!this |!procedure |!is |!accurate?
a. A |!procedure |!that |!delivers |!an |!electrical |!stimulus |!to |!the |!frontal |!lobes |!of |!the |!brain
b. A |!surgical |!procedure |!that |!drills |!holes |!in |!the |!front |!of |!the |!skull |!to |!drain |!fluid
c. A |!surgical |!procedure |!that |!severs |!the |!frontal |!lobes |!of |!the |!brain |!from |!the |!thalamus
d. A |!surgical |!procedure |!that |!inserts |!implants |!into |!the |!frontal |!lobes |!of |!the |!brain
ANS: |!C
A |!frontal |!lobotomy |!is |!a |!surgical |!procedure |!in |!which |!the |!frontal |!lobes |!of |!the |!brain |!are |!severed
|!from |!the |!thalamus.




PTS: | ! 1 DIF: Cognitive |!Level: |!Knowledge REF: |!p. |!6
|!OBJ: | ! 5 TOP: |!Influences |!of |!War |!on |!Mental |!Health
|!Therapies

KEY: | ! Nursing |!Process |!Step: |!Assessment MSC: |!Client |!Needs: |!Psychosocial |!Integrity

9. Which |!class |!of |!drugs |!was |!introduced |!in |!the |!1930s |!for |!the |!treatment |!of |!depression?
a. SSRIs
b. Tricyclic |!antidepressants
c. MAOIs
d. Amphetamines

ANS: |!D