INTRODUCTION TO GENETICS EXAM
REVISION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
genetics
The scientific study of heredity, or delivery
of characteristics from parent to offspring, known as _____
is the key to understanding
what makes each organism unique.
Gregor Mendel
Concluded that traits are inherited through the passing of
factors from parents to offspring.
fertilization
During sexual reproduction, male and female reproductive
cells join in a process known as ________ to produce a
new cell.
True breeding
"____________," meaning that they were self-
pollinating, and would produce offspring identical to
themselves.
trait
A ____is a specific characteristic, such as seed color or
plant height, of an individual.
hybrids
The offspring of crosses between parents with different
traits are called ________.
F1, or first filial
, Their offspring are called the F1
, or first filial, generation. (Filius and filia are the Latin
words for "son" and "daughter.")
genes
Today, scientists call the factors that are passed from
parent to offspring ______.
alleles
The different forms of a gene are called _______
principle of dominance.
Mendel's second conclusion is called the
_______________. This principle states that some alleles
are dominant and others are recessive. An organism with
at least one dominant allele for a particular form of a trait
will exhibit that form of the trait.
segregation
separation of alleles
gametes
Mendel suggested that the ________ for tallness and
shortness in the F1 plants must have segregated from
each other during the formation of the sex cells, or
_______.
Tt x tt
all tall(phenotype) - Tt (genotype)
What are dominant and recessive alleles?
dominant: form of an allele whose trait
always shows up if it is present
Recessive: form of an allele whose trait shows up only
when the dominant allele is not present
Why were true-breeding pea plants important for
Mendel's experiments?
REVISION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
genetics
The scientific study of heredity, or delivery
of characteristics from parent to offspring, known as _____
is the key to understanding
what makes each organism unique.
Gregor Mendel
Concluded that traits are inherited through the passing of
factors from parents to offspring.
fertilization
During sexual reproduction, male and female reproductive
cells join in a process known as ________ to produce a
new cell.
True breeding
"____________," meaning that they were self-
pollinating, and would produce offspring identical to
themselves.
trait
A ____is a specific characteristic, such as seed color or
plant height, of an individual.
hybrids
The offspring of crosses between parents with different
traits are called ________.
F1, or first filial
, Their offspring are called the F1
, or first filial, generation. (Filius and filia are the Latin
words for "son" and "daughter.")
genes
Today, scientists call the factors that are passed from
parent to offspring ______.
alleles
The different forms of a gene are called _______
principle of dominance.
Mendel's second conclusion is called the
_______________. This principle states that some alleles
are dominant and others are recessive. An organism with
at least one dominant allele for a particular form of a trait
will exhibit that form of the trait.
segregation
separation of alleles
gametes
Mendel suggested that the ________ for tallness and
shortness in the F1 plants must have segregated from
each other during the formation of the sex cells, or
_______.
Tt x tt
all tall(phenotype) - Tt (genotype)
What are dominant and recessive alleles?
dominant: form of an allele whose trait
always shows up if it is present
Recessive: form of an allele whose trait shows up only
when the dominant allele is not present
Why were true-breeding pea plants important for
Mendel's experiments?
