Hondros Bio 253
Layers of the skin - ansepidermis, dermis, hypodermis
Stratum Corneum - ansProtective durable overcoat, waterproof, tough, relatively
insensitive to biological, chemical and physical assault.
Stratum Lucidum - ansvisible only in thick skin, few layers thick, dead clear cells
Stratum Granulosum - ans3-5 layers of thick keratinocytes flastten out
Stratum Spinosum - ansoverlies the stratum basale, cells come from the basale,
filaments u the cells that resist tension, keratinocytes have a spiny appearance, contain
langerhen cells
Stratum Basale - ansDeepest layer, single row if renewing keratinocytes that are getting
ready to push up, melaninocytes, small portion of merkel cells
Parts of a neuron - ansCell body, Dendrites, Axon
Cell body - ansProvide protein for maintaining and regenerating nerves
Dendrites - ansEach neuron had one or more dendrites, branch from the cell body, bring
impulses in, distal ends of dendrites of sensory neurons are receptors
Axon - ansEach neurons has one axon, axon hillock integrates incoming signals. axons
carry impulses away and communicates
Afferent neurons - ansBrings signal to CNS, *sensory
Efferent neurons - ansCarry signals away, *motor
Reflex Arc - ansReceptor, afferent, interneuron, efferent, effector, response
Membrane potential - ansSlight deficiency of positively charged ions on the inside of the
membrane
, Saltatory conduction - ansIn myelinated fibers, action potentials in the membrane occor
only at the nodes of Raniver
Continuous conduction - ansIn unmyelinated fibers
Acetylcholine - anschemical structure, found in junctions with motor effectors (skeletal
muscles, glands, many parts of the brain
Brain stem - ansMedulla oblongata, pons, midbrain
Diencephalon - ansHypothalamus, Thalamus
Cerebellum - ansCompares motor commands of cerebrum with proprioceptor
information, acts with cerebral cortex to produce skilled movements, controls balance
and posture
Frontal lobe - ansReasoning, planning, parts of speech, movements, emotions, and
problem solving
Parietal lobe - ansmovement, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli, lanuagae
Temporal lobe - ansperception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory, and speech
Occipital lobe - ansvisual processing
Olfactory nerve (CN I) - anssense if smell
Optic nerve (CN II) - anssense of sight
Oculomotor nerve (CN III) - anseye movement, regulation of size of pupil,
accommodation, proprioception (muscles sense)
Trochlear nerve (CN IV) - anseye movement, proprioception
Trigeminal nerve (CN V) - anssensation of head and face, chewing movements,
proprioception
Abducens nerve (CN VI) - ansabduction of eye, proprioception
Facial nerve (CN VII) - ansfacial expressions, secretion of saliva, tears, and taste
Layers of the skin - ansepidermis, dermis, hypodermis
Stratum Corneum - ansProtective durable overcoat, waterproof, tough, relatively
insensitive to biological, chemical and physical assault.
Stratum Lucidum - ansvisible only in thick skin, few layers thick, dead clear cells
Stratum Granulosum - ans3-5 layers of thick keratinocytes flastten out
Stratum Spinosum - ansoverlies the stratum basale, cells come from the basale,
filaments u the cells that resist tension, keratinocytes have a spiny appearance, contain
langerhen cells
Stratum Basale - ansDeepest layer, single row if renewing keratinocytes that are getting
ready to push up, melaninocytes, small portion of merkel cells
Parts of a neuron - ansCell body, Dendrites, Axon
Cell body - ansProvide protein for maintaining and regenerating nerves
Dendrites - ansEach neuron had one or more dendrites, branch from the cell body, bring
impulses in, distal ends of dendrites of sensory neurons are receptors
Axon - ansEach neurons has one axon, axon hillock integrates incoming signals. axons
carry impulses away and communicates
Afferent neurons - ansBrings signal to CNS, *sensory
Efferent neurons - ansCarry signals away, *motor
Reflex Arc - ansReceptor, afferent, interneuron, efferent, effector, response
Membrane potential - ansSlight deficiency of positively charged ions on the inside of the
membrane
, Saltatory conduction - ansIn myelinated fibers, action potentials in the membrane occor
only at the nodes of Raniver
Continuous conduction - ansIn unmyelinated fibers
Acetylcholine - anschemical structure, found in junctions with motor effectors (skeletal
muscles, glands, many parts of the brain
Brain stem - ansMedulla oblongata, pons, midbrain
Diencephalon - ansHypothalamus, Thalamus
Cerebellum - ansCompares motor commands of cerebrum with proprioceptor
information, acts with cerebral cortex to produce skilled movements, controls balance
and posture
Frontal lobe - ansReasoning, planning, parts of speech, movements, emotions, and
problem solving
Parietal lobe - ansmovement, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli, lanuagae
Temporal lobe - ansperception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory, and speech
Occipital lobe - ansvisual processing
Olfactory nerve (CN I) - anssense if smell
Optic nerve (CN II) - anssense of sight
Oculomotor nerve (CN III) - anseye movement, regulation of size of pupil,
accommodation, proprioception (muscles sense)
Trochlear nerve (CN IV) - anseye movement, proprioception
Trigeminal nerve (CN V) - anssensation of head and face, chewing movements,
proprioception
Abducens nerve (CN VI) - ansabduction of eye, proprioception
Facial nerve (CN VII) - ansfacial expressions, secretion of saliva, tears, and taste
