Burns and Grove's The Practice of Nursing Research, 8th Edition | Complete Test Bank | Newest Version

Burns and Grove's The Practice of Nursing Research, 8th Edition | Complete Test Bank | Newest Version Deception - ansmisleading participants about the true purpose of a study or the events that will actually transpire Coercion - ansWhen one person intentionally presents another with an overt threat of harm or the lure of excessive reward to obtain his or her compliance. Autonomy - ansThe ability to make a voluntary decision based on comprehending information about the study. Diminished autonomy - ansPersons are said to be incompetent if a qualified healthcare provider judges them to be unable to comprehend. Groups needing additional protection - ansPrisoners Terminally ill participants Pregnant women and fetuses Neonates Children and adolescents Assent - ansA child's affirmative agreement to participate in research, is an example (when possible). Permission from a parent or guardian must be obtained. Permission to participate in a study - ansMeans that the parent or guardian agrees to the participation of the child or ward in research privacy - ansIs an individual's right to determine the time, extent, and general circumstances under which personal information is shared with or withheld from others. invasion of privacy - ansOccurs when private information is shared without an individual's knowledge or against his or her will Five categories of studies based on levels of discomfort and harm - ans1. No anticipated effects 2. Temporary discomfort 3 unusual levels of temporary discomfort 4. Risk of permanent damage 5. Certainty of permanent damage The IRB reviews the protocol and form to determine whether the researcher has demonstrated that - ans1. The benefits of the study outweigh the risks 2. The risks will be minimized 3. The consent process and document are appropriate for the intended participants. Nuremberg code: Principle points - ansVoluntary consent Rights of subjects to withdraw Protection of subjects from physical and mental suffering, injury disability, and death during studies The balance of benefits and risks in a study Declaration of Helsinki - ansGenerated in 1964 by the world medical association (WMA) general assembly and revised at intervals to reflect current problems and viewpoints Differentiates therapeutic from Nontherapeutic research Therapeutic: ill patient may receive an experimental treatment Non-therapeutic: basic research; patients are not ill. Belmont report - ansethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research Ethical principles Principle of respect for persons Principle of beneficence Principle of justice Nuremberg Code - ansa set of research ethics principles for human experimentation set as a result of the subsequent Nuremberg trials at the end of the Second World War. Forms the basis for protection for all human participants, regardless of a researchers disciplinary affiliation.