BIOH111 - FINAL EXAM PREP QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
The sarcoplasmic reticulum, in a relaxed muscle, stores which ion?
Calcium.
The nervous system contains neurons and neuroglia. Which neuroglia function
as a phagocyte-like cell?
Microglia.
Endorphins belong to which class of neurotransmitters?
Neuropeptide class.
Which gland is found on each side of the trachea and releases hormones
involved in metabolism and regulation of calcium blood level?
Thyroid gland.
The antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hormone is stored and secreted by the posterior
pituitary gland (neurohypophysis) and regulates blood osmotic pressure. True or
False?
True.
Adrenal cortex contains 3 zones. Zona glomerulosa produces which hormone in
response to changing blood mineral levels?
Aldosterone.
Area of the long bone that contains the growth plate.
Metaphysis.
,Type of cell in the nervous system that possesses electrical excitability
Neuron.
Catecholamine that is both excitatory and inhibitory and regulates mood.
Noradrenaline
Receptor on a sympathetic adrenergic post ganglionic neuron.
Nicotinic.
Neurotransmitter that is excitatory at the NMJ but inhibitory in other areas.
Acetylcholine.
Hollow cylindrical space within the diaphysis of a long bone.
Medullary cavity.
Whats the gland name from which the hGH hormone is secreted and the function
of the hormone.
- Anterior pituitary.
- Stimulates production of IGFs for cell growth.
Whats the gland name from which the Insulin hormone is secreted and the
function of the hormone.
- Pancreas.
- Decreases blood sugar levels.
Whats the gland name from which the Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted
and the function of the hormone.
- Posterior pituitary.
- Increases water retention.
, Whats the gland name from which the Prolactin releasing factor hormone is
secreted and the function of the hormone.
- Hypothalamus.
- Stimulates prolactin production.
Whats the gland name from which the Calcitonin hormone is secreted and the
function of the hormone.
- Thyroid.
- Lowers blood calcium levels.
Describe the structure of the Nucleus.
A large organelle that has a spherical or oval-shaped structure.
Describe 1 function of the Mitochondria.
Known as the "powerhouse" of the cell, generates ATP.
Describe 1 function of the Nucleus.
The nucleus controls and regulates the activities of the cell e.g., growth and
metabolism, and carries the genes, which are structures that contain hereditary
information.
Explain in detail how glucose moves across the membrane utilising facilitated
diffusion.
Glucose moves across the membrane via carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion. Glucose
binds to a specific type of carrier protein called the glucose transporter (GluT) on the
outside surface of the membrane. The transporter then undergoes a change in shape,
allowing glucose to go down the concentration gradient across the membrane. Once in
the cytosol, the transporter releases the glucose.
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
The sarcoplasmic reticulum, in a relaxed muscle, stores which ion?
Calcium.
The nervous system contains neurons and neuroglia. Which neuroglia function
as a phagocyte-like cell?
Microglia.
Endorphins belong to which class of neurotransmitters?
Neuropeptide class.
Which gland is found on each side of the trachea and releases hormones
involved in metabolism and regulation of calcium blood level?
Thyroid gland.
The antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hormone is stored and secreted by the posterior
pituitary gland (neurohypophysis) and regulates blood osmotic pressure. True or
False?
True.
Adrenal cortex contains 3 zones. Zona glomerulosa produces which hormone in
response to changing blood mineral levels?
Aldosterone.
Area of the long bone that contains the growth plate.
Metaphysis.
,Type of cell in the nervous system that possesses electrical excitability
Neuron.
Catecholamine that is both excitatory and inhibitory and regulates mood.
Noradrenaline
Receptor on a sympathetic adrenergic post ganglionic neuron.
Nicotinic.
Neurotransmitter that is excitatory at the NMJ but inhibitory in other areas.
Acetylcholine.
Hollow cylindrical space within the diaphysis of a long bone.
Medullary cavity.
Whats the gland name from which the hGH hormone is secreted and the function
of the hormone.
- Anterior pituitary.
- Stimulates production of IGFs for cell growth.
Whats the gland name from which the Insulin hormone is secreted and the
function of the hormone.
- Pancreas.
- Decreases blood sugar levels.
Whats the gland name from which the Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted
and the function of the hormone.
- Posterior pituitary.
- Increases water retention.
, Whats the gland name from which the Prolactin releasing factor hormone is
secreted and the function of the hormone.
- Hypothalamus.
- Stimulates prolactin production.
Whats the gland name from which the Calcitonin hormone is secreted and the
function of the hormone.
- Thyroid.
- Lowers blood calcium levels.
Describe the structure of the Nucleus.
A large organelle that has a spherical or oval-shaped structure.
Describe 1 function of the Mitochondria.
Known as the "powerhouse" of the cell, generates ATP.
Describe 1 function of the Nucleus.
The nucleus controls and regulates the activities of the cell e.g., growth and
metabolism, and carries the genes, which are structures that contain hereditary
information.
Explain in detail how glucose moves across the membrane utilising facilitated
diffusion.
Glucose moves across the membrane via carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion. Glucose
binds to a specific type of carrier protein called the glucose transporter (GluT) on the
outside surface of the membrane. The transporter then undergoes a change in shape,
allowing glucose to go down the concentration gradient across the membrane. Once in
the cytosol, the transporter releases the glucose.
