BIOH111 FINAL EXAM - NERVOUS SYSTEM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% GUARANTEED
PASS
Trigger zone
area where nerve impulses arise
Ganglia (ganglion)
Mass nervous tissue consisting of neuron cell bodies in PNS
Axon
Structure that propagates nerve impulse to neuron, muscle fibre or gland cell
Neuroglia
Cell in nervous system that can multiply & divide. Support & protect neurons. Smaller
than neurons, more numerous, compose half of CNS.
Neuroglia of the CNS
Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Ependymal
Microglia
Neuroglia of PNS
Satellite cells
Schwann cells
Dendrite
,Receiving or input portion of neuron. Conduct impulses toward cell body.
myelin sheath
Insulation, increases speed of nerve impulse, atonal regeneration.
Nucleus of Schwann cell
Helps to regenerate or repair the myelin sheath in PNS
axon hillock
Area where axon joins cell body
Peripheral NS
Nerves, ganglia, enteric plexus, and sensory receptors
ependymal cells
Cuboidal to columnar cells arranged in a single layer with microvilli and cilia. Produce &
circulate CSF (cerebrospinal fluid). Form blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier.
Microglia
Small cells with slender processes that give off spinelike projections. Phagocytosis-
remove cellular debris, damaged nervous tissue & phagocytise microbes.
astrocyte
Star shaped cells with may processes; largest and most numerous neuroglial cell.
Support neurons, create blood-brain-barrier.
Satellite cell
Flat cells that surround cell bodies of neurons. Structural support, regulates exchange of
materials between neuronal cell bodies & interstitial fluid.
Oligodenrocyte
,Resemble astrocytes but are smaller with fewer processes. Form & maintain myelin
sheath around CNS axons.
Schwann cell
Individual cell encircles a single axon. Axon regeneration, form myelin sheath around
axons in PNS.
Ependymal cell
Produce, monitor and circulation of CSF
Oligodendrocyte
Forms myelin sheath in CNS
Schwann cell
Forms myelin sheath in PNS
Satellite cell
Provide structural support, regulate exchange of material
Astrocyte
Create blood brain barrier
Microglia
Remove cellular debris, phagocytosis
How does myelin sheath differ in PNS
Schwann cells form myelin sheath during foetal development. Spiral around segment of
axon many times myelin sheath is composed of up to 100 layers of Schwann cell
membrane. Surrounded by neurolemma (uncleared). Able to regenerate.
How does myelin sheath differ in CNS
, Oligodendrocyte puts forth about 15 broad flat processes that spiral around CNS axon.
No neurolemma. Nodes of ram Orr are present but in smaller numbers. Not able to
regenerate. Cell bodies of Oligodendrocytes do not surround the axons.
CNS (central nervous system)
Brain & spinal Cord
PNS (peripheral nervous system)
All nervous tissue outside of CNS. (Cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia, Enteric
plexuses, sensory receptors)
Divisions of PNS (Peripheral Nervous System
Somatic Nervous system (SNS), Enteric Nervous System (ENS), Autonomic Nervous
system (ANS)
Two branches of ANS (Autonomic nervous system)
Sympathetic division, Parasympathetic division
Sensory function of nervous system
Receptors detect internal & external stimuli
Integrative function of nervous system
Processes sensory information through analysis & decision making
Motor function of Nervous system
Makes appropriate response by activating effectors (Muscles & glands)
Neurons (nerve cells)
Cannot undergo mitosis
Neurons (nerve cells)
Possess electrical excitability, can produce Action Potentials (AP)
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% GUARANTEED
PASS
Trigger zone
area where nerve impulses arise
Ganglia (ganglion)
Mass nervous tissue consisting of neuron cell bodies in PNS
Axon
Structure that propagates nerve impulse to neuron, muscle fibre or gland cell
Neuroglia
Cell in nervous system that can multiply & divide. Support & protect neurons. Smaller
than neurons, more numerous, compose half of CNS.
Neuroglia of the CNS
Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Ependymal
Microglia
Neuroglia of PNS
Satellite cells
Schwann cells
Dendrite
,Receiving or input portion of neuron. Conduct impulses toward cell body.
myelin sheath
Insulation, increases speed of nerve impulse, atonal regeneration.
Nucleus of Schwann cell
Helps to regenerate or repair the myelin sheath in PNS
axon hillock
Area where axon joins cell body
Peripheral NS
Nerves, ganglia, enteric plexus, and sensory receptors
ependymal cells
Cuboidal to columnar cells arranged in a single layer with microvilli and cilia. Produce &
circulate CSF (cerebrospinal fluid). Form blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier.
Microglia
Small cells with slender processes that give off spinelike projections. Phagocytosis-
remove cellular debris, damaged nervous tissue & phagocytise microbes.
astrocyte
Star shaped cells with may processes; largest and most numerous neuroglial cell.
Support neurons, create blood-brain-barrier.
Satellite cell
Flat cells that surround cell bodies of neurons. Structural support, regulates exchange of
materials between neuronal cell bodies & interstitial fluid.
Oligodenrocyte
,Resemble astrocytes but are smaller with fewer processes. Form & maintain myelin
sheath around CNS axons.
Schwann cell
Individual cell encircles a single axon. Axon regeneration, form myelin sheath around
axons in PNS.
Ependymal cell
Produce, monitor and circulation of CSF
Oligodendrocyte
Forms myelin sheath in CNS
Schwann cell
Forms myelin sheath in PNS
Satellite cell
Provide structural support, regulate exchange of material
Astrocyte
Create blood brain barrier
Microglia
Remove cellular debris, phagocytosis
How does myelin sheath differ in PNS
Schwann cells form myelin sheath during foetal development. Spiral around segment of
axon many times myelin sheath is composed of up to 100 layers of Schwann cell
membrane. Surrounded by neurolemma (uncleared). Able to regenerate.
How does myelin sheath differ in CNS
, Oligodendrocyte puts forth about 15 broad flat processes that spiral around CNS axon.
No neurolemma. Nodes of ram Orr are present but in smaller numbers. Not able to
regenerate. Cell bodies of Oligodendrocytes do not surround the axons.
CNS (central nervous system)
Brain & spinal Cord
PNS (peripheral nervous system)
All nervous tissue outside of CNS. (Cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia, Enteric
plexuses, sensory receptors)
Divisions of PNS (Peripheral Nervous System
Somatic Nervous system (SNS), Enteric Nervous System (ENS), Autonomic Nervous
system (ANS)
Two branches of ANS (Autonomic nervous system)
Sympathetic division, Parasympathetic division
Sensory function of nervous system
Receptors detect internal & external stimuli
Integrative function of nervous system
Processes sensory information through analysis & decision making
Motor function of Nervous system
Makes appropriate response by activating effectors (Muscles & glands)
Neurons (nerve cells)
Cannot undergo mitosis
Neurons (nerve cells)
Possess electrical excitability, can produce Action Potentials (AP)
