FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES - N5315 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Total body water (TBW)
sum of all fluids w/in all compartments
standard value of 60%
3 main fluid compartments
intracellular - 40% of TBW
interstitial - 20% of TBW
Intravascular - 20% of TBW
Intravascular fluid space - def
extracellular fluid w/in blood vessels
ex: plasma
Interstitial fluid space - def
fluid that fills the space btwn most of the cell of the body
Intracellular fluid space - def
fluid w/in the cell
K responsible for osmotic balance of ICF
osmolality - def
concentration of solutes per kg of solution
Higher # of solutes, the greater the concentration and therefore the less water is in that
compartment
, osmosis - def
movement of water btwn compartments from area of low concentration of solutes to one
with high concentration
passive force, does not require energy
osmotic pressure
amt of pressure or force exerted by solute molecules of a given compartment; higher
the osmolality, the higher the osmotic pressure
pulling force - pulls water into a compartment
hydrostatic pressure
mechanical force of fluid against the walls of the compartment
pushing force - pushes fluid outside the compartment
ex: blood pressure
Oncotic pressure
force helping to keep fluid w/in a compartment
contributes to osmotic pressure and is exerted by plasma proteins (albumin)
effective arterial blood pressure
amt of blood w/in the arterial space which perfuses the organs and tissues
volume changes in ECF cause changes in EABV in same direction (increase in ECF =
increase in EABV)
4 hormone controls of fluid balance
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Aldosterone
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Total body water (TBW)
sum of all fluids w/in all compartments
standard value of 60%
3 main fluid compartments
intracellular - 40% of TBW
interstitial - 20% of TBW
Intravascular - 20% of TBW
Intravascular fluid space - def
extracellular fluid w/in blood vessels
ex: plasma
Interstitial fluid space - def
fluid that fills the space btwn most of the cell of the body
Intracellular fluid space - def
fluid w/in the cell
K responsible for osmotic balance of ICF
osmolality - def
concentration of solutes per kg of solution
Higher # of solutes, the greater the concentration and therefore the less water is in that
compartment
, osmosis - def
movement of water btwn compartments from area of low concentration of solutes to one
with high concentration
passive force, does not require energy
osmotic pressure
amt of pressure or force exerted by solute molecules of a given compartment; higher
the osmolality, the higher the osmotic pressure
pulling force - pulls water into a compartment
hydrostatic pressure
mechanical force of fluid against the walls of the compartment
pushing force - pushes fluid outside the compartment
ex: blood pressure
Oncotic pressure
force helping to keep fluid w/in a compartment
contributes to osmotic pressure and is exerted by plasma proteins (albumin)
effective arterial blood pressure
amt of blood w/in the arterial space which perfuses the organs and tissues
volume changes in ECF cause changes in EABV in same direction (increase in ECF =
increase in EABV)
4 hormone controls of fluid balance
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Aldosterone
