Signaling Exam:
There were 27 questions the majority of the points is gained by open questions. Each MC or SC
question was worth 1 point.
This is a reconstruction from memory, so wording might have been slightly different and some of the
multiple choice answers are different or maybe missing. We managed to reconstruct all the 27
questions.
Single choice is indicated by [MC] and single choice by [SC]. On the exam all MC questions had the
following note underneath:
Note: More than one answer might be correct
Graphics from the Textbook: 'Cell signaling', Authors: Wendell Lim, Bruce Mayer, Tony Pawson
, 1) What does the Cholera Toxin do? [SC]
a. Inhibition of GTPase Activity, thus prevents signalling
b. Inhibition of GTPase Activity, thus sustained activation
c. Activation of GTPase Activity, thus prevents signalling
d. Activation of GTPase Activity, thus sustained activation
2) Which of the following is true about the ACKR3 Receptor? [MC]
a. Only expressed at PM
b. Found in Exosomes, thus driving cancer growth
c. Binds variety of Chemokines, thus evading an Immunresponse
d. Is an atypical GPCT as it does not signal via G-Proteins
3) Which of the following statements is true about kinases? [MC]
a. Tyr-kinases are missing in plants as they came later in evolution
b. There is more Ser/Thr-kinases than Tyr-kinase
c. Ser/Thr-kinase function in a modular fashion
d. Tyr-kinases function in a modular fashion
e. Tyr-Kinases are more specific as they came later in evolution
f.
4) Why are Nanobodies but not Antibodies able to bind different conformers? [SC]
a. Because they are so small
b. Because they have an extra loop
c. Because of the unique features of the heavy chain
d. Because of their selection process
5) How can AI help in a polypharmacology setting?
a. Come up with structures of new kinase inhibitors, without having to scan chemical
space
b. By predicting affinitys of a known inhibitor for other targets
c.
d.
6) Alzheimers:
a. Describe one underlying mechanism of Alzheimer’s Disease progression
b. Describe one potential treatment that prevents Alzheimer progression and its mode
of action
7) Glutamate
a. Glutamate binds to various receptors in the CNS. Describe their 3D structure,
downstream signalling and Mechanism of Action
b. Glutamate plays a vital role in memory and learning. Explain by what mechanism it
does this
8) Kinases (open)
a. Name 4 PTM (other than Phosphorylation) and describe their molecular nature and
role in signalling
b. Describe the catalytic side of kinases. Describe and name 3 features
c. Characterising protein-protein interactions is very important when a new target is
found. Describe 3 methods that can be used to investigate protein-protein
interactions
d. First generation Kinase inhibitors targeted the ATP-binding site. Name 2
disadvantages of this approach
9) Your Assignment
a. Name 2 major findings of the paper you presented and explain them
b. Name one biochemical method by which the signalling of this target can be dissected
There were 27 questions the majority of the points is gained by open questions. Each MC or SC
question was worth 1 point.
This is a reconstruction from memory, so wording might have been slightly different and some of the
multiple choice answers are different or maybe missing. We managed to reconstruct all the 27
questions.
Single choice is indicated by [MC] and single choice by [SC]. On the exam all MC questions had the
following note underneath:
Note: More than one answer might be correct
Graphics from the Textbook: 'Cell signaling', Authors: Wendell Lim, Bruce Mayer, Tony Pawson
, 1) What does the Cholera Toxin do? [SC]
a. Inhibition of GTPase Activity, thus prevents signalling
b. Inhibition of GTPase Activity, thus sustained activation
c. Activation of GTPase Activity, thus prevents signalling
d. Activation of GTPase Activity, thus sustained activation
2) Which of the following is true about the ACKR3 Receptor? [MC]
a. Only expressed at PM
b. Found in Exosomes, thus driving cancer growth
c. Binds variety of Chemokines, thus evading an Immunresponse
d. Is an atypical GPCT as it does not signal via G-Proteins
3) Which of the following statements is true about kinases? [MC]
a. Tyr-kinases are missing in plants as they came later in evolution
b. There is more Ser/Thr-kinases than Tyr-kinase
c. Ser/Thr-kinase function in a modular fashion
d. Tyr-kinases function in a modular fashion
e. Tyr-Kinases are more specific as they came later in evolution
f.
4) Why are Nanobodies but not Antibodies able to bind different conformers? [SC]
a. Because they are so small
b. Because they have an extra loop
c. Because of the unique features of the heavy chain
d. Because of their selection process
5) How can AI help in a polypharmacology setting?
a. Come up with structures of new kinase inhibitors, without having to scan chemical
space
b. By predicting affinitys of a known inhibitor for other targets
c.
d.
6) Alzheimers:
a. Describe one underlying mechanism of Alzheimer’s Disease progression
b. Describe one potential treatment that prevents Alzheimer progression and its mode
of action
7) Glutamate
a. Glutamate binds to various receptors in the CNS. Describe their 3D structure,
downstream signalling and Mechanism of Action
b. Glutamate plays a vital role in memory and learning. Explain by what mechanism it
does this
8) Kinases (open)
a. Name 4 PTM (other than Phosphorylation) and describe their molecular nature and
role in signalling
b. Describe the catalytic side of kinases. Describe and name 3 features
c. Characterising protein-protein interactions is very important when a new target is
found. Describe 3 methods that can be used to investigate protein-protein
interactions
d. First generation Kinase inhibitors targeted the ATP-binding site. Name 2
disadvantages of this approach
9) Your Assignment
a. Name 2 major findings of the paper you presented and explain them
b. Name one biochemical method by which the signalling of this target can be dissected
