MILADY COSMETOLOGY STATE
BOARD REVIEW| ACTUAL EXAM WITH
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS VERIFIED BY EXPERT |2025
UPDATE.
1. Bacteria
ANS: One-celled microorganisms having both plant and animal characteristics. Some are
harmful, and some are harmless.
2. Direct Transmission
ANS: Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching (including shaking hands), kissing,
coughing, sneezing, and talking.
3. Indirect Transmission
ANS: Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated
object, such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface.
4. Infection
ANS: Invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens.
5. Germs
ANS: Nonscientific synonym for disease-producing organisms.
6. Microorganism
ANS: Any organism of microscopic to submicroscopic size.
,7. Parasites
ANS: Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (referred to as the host),
while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. Parasites must have a host to survive.
8. Toxins
ANS: Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses).
9. Virus
ANS: A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological
organisms. A virus is capable of replication only though taking over the host cell's reproductive
function.
10. Cocci
ANS: Round-shaped, alone.
11. Staphylococci
ANS: Clusters like bunches of grapes, may not cause infection in healthy humans. Causes
pustules and boils.
12. Streptococci
ANS: Pus-forming arranged in curved lines like a string of beads. Causes strep throat and blood
poisoning.
13. Diplococci
ANS: Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs. Causes pneumonia.
14. Bacilli
ANS: Short rod-shaped. Causes tetanus, lockjaw, tuberculosis, and diphtheria. Moves using
flagella.
, 15. Spirilla
ANS: Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria. Causes sexually transmitted diseases and syphilis.
Moves using flagella.
16. Active Stage of Bacteria
ANS: Bacteria grow and reproduce in warm, damp, or dirty places.
17. Inactive or Spore-Forming Stage
ANS: During this stage, bacteria coat themselves with wax-like outer shells. This helps them
withstand famine, dryness, and unsuitable temperatures.
18. MRSA
ANS: Occurs with persons with weakened immune systems or people who have undergone
medical procedures. Signs may include pimples, rashes, boils.
19. Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
ANS: Quats are disinfectants that are very effective when used properly in the salon. The
formula contains anti-rust ingredients, so leaving tools in solution for a prolonged period of time
can cause dulling or damage (Barbicide).
20. Phenolic Disinfectants
ANS: Form of formaldehyde, high pH, and can damage skin or eyes. Known as carcinogens.
21. Sodium Hypochlorite
ANS: Bleach.
22. Porous
ANS: An item that is made or constructed of a material that has pores or openings. Absorbent.
Examples would be towels, linens, nail files, or buffers.
BOARD REVIEW| ACTUAL EXAM WITH
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS VERIFIED BY EXPERT |2025
UPDATE.
1. Bacteria
ANS: One-celled microorganisms having both plant and animal characteristics. Some are
harmful, and some are harmless.
2. Direct Transmission
ANS: Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching (including shaking hands), kissing,
coughing, sneezing, and talking.
3. Indirect Transmission
ANS: Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated
object, such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface.
4. Infection
ANS: Invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens.
5. Germs
ANS: Nonscientific synonym for disease-producing organisms.
6. Microorganism
ANS: Any organism of microscopic to submicroscopic size.
,7. Parasites
ANS: Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (referred to as the host),
while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. Parasites must have a host to survive.
8. Toxins
ANS: Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses).
9. Virus
ANS: A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological
organisms. A virus is capable of replication only though taking over the host cell's reproductive
function.
10. Cocci
ANS: Round-shaped, alone.
11. Staphylococci
ANS: Clusters like bunches of grapes, may not cause infection in healthy humans. Causes
pustules and boils.
12. Streptococci
ANS: Pus-forming arranged in curved lines like a string of beads. Causes strep throat and blood
poisoning.
13. Diplococci
ANS: Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs. Causes pneumonia.
14. Bacilli
ANS: Short rod-shaped. Causes tetanus, lockjaw, tuberculosis, and diphtheria. Moves using
flagella.
, 15. Spirilla
ANS: Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria. Causes sexually transmitted diseases and syphilis.
Moves using flagella.
16. Active Stage of Bacteria
ANS: Bacteria grow and reproduce in warm, damp, or dirty places.
17. Inactive or Spore-Forming Stage
ANS: During this stage, bacteria coat themselves with wax-like outer shells. This helps them
withstand famine, dryness, and unsuitable temperatures.
18. MRSA
ANS: Occurs with persons with weakened immune systems or people who have undergone
medical procedures. Signs may include pimples, rashes, boils.
19. Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
ANS: Quats are disinfectants that are very effective when used properly in the salon. The
formula contains anti-rust ingredients, so leaving tools in solution for a prolonged period of time
can cause dulling or damage (Barbicide).
20. Phenolic Disinfectants
ANS: Form of formaldehyde, high pH, and can damage skin or eyes. Known as carcinogens.
21. Sodium Hypochlorite
ANS: Bleach.
22. Porous
ANS: An item that is made or constructed of a material that has pores or openings. Absorbent.
Examples would be towels, linens, nail files, or buffers.
