Chapter 10 ASREB Review Questions And Correct Answers

Chapter 10 ASREB Review Questions And Correct Answers An alpha particle is a high-energy particle that contains A) one proton and one neutron. C) one electron. B) two protons and two neutrons. D) one proton. - Answers-B .Which type of radiation has a negligible mass and a charge of +1? A) alpha particle B) gamma ray C) positron D) beta particle - Answers-c .Phosphorous-32 is used for organ imaging. How many neutrons are present in this radioisotope? A) 15 B) 17 C) 32 D) 47 - Answers-B .Which species completes the nuclear equation shown below? 218 84 Po - _ + 4 2 He A)214 82 Po B)214 82 Pb C) 222 86 Rn - Answers-B .What does it mean if a substance is described as being radioactive? A) The substance emits high energy particles or rays from its unstable nucleus. B) The substance was exposed to radiation that was given off by a decaying nucleus. C) The substance readily absorbs energy from the radiofrequency region of the electromagnetic spectrum. D) The substance is extremely small and special radiomicroscopes are necessary to view it. - Answers-A .Which species completes this nuclear equation shown below? 30 15 P - _+ 0 +1 e A)30 16 P B)30 14 Si C)30 14 P D)30 16 S - Answers-B .If the half-life of phosphorus-32 is 14.3 days, how much of a 200. mg sample of phosphorus-32 remains after 71.5 days? A) 100. mg B) 50. mg C) 12.5 mg D) 6.25 mg - Answers-D .Which radioisotope is used to measure thyroid activity and treat thyroid disease? A) Technetium-99m B) Iodine-131 C) Cobalt-60 D) Carbon-11 - Answers-B .Which type of radiation has the largest mass? A) An alpha particle B) A gamma ray C) A positron D) A beta particle - Answers-A .Which type of radiation has the greatest penetrating power? A) An alpha particle B) A gamma ray C) A beta particle D) All of the above have the same penetrating power. - Answers-B .What types of cells are most sensitive to radiation damage? A) the intestinal tract cells B) reproductive organs cells C) cancer cells D) bone marrow cells E) All of the cell types listed above are very sensitive to radiation damage. - Answers-E .Which species completes the nuclear equation shown below? 232 90 Th -228 88 Ra + ______ A)4 2 B B)4 2 He C) 0 +1 e D) 0 -1 e - Answers-B .What are the number of protons, the number of neutrons, and the mass number of the radioisotope 251 102 No? A) 149, 102, and 251, respectively C) 102, 251, and 353, respectively B) 102, 149, and 251, respectively D) 149, 251, and 353, respectively - Answers-B .Beta particles move faster than alpha particles, but they do not penetrate into tissue as far as an alpha particle. - Answers-False .To decrease the incidence of harmful bacteria in foods, certain fruits and vegetables are irradiated with Y rays that kill any bacteria contained in them. - Answers-True .The sum of the mass numbers and the sum of the atomic numbers must be equal on both sides of a nuclear equation. - Answers-True .Alpha emission is the decay of a nucleus by emitting an particle, resulting in a new nucleus that has two fewer protons than the original nucleus. - Answers-True .During gamma emission there is no change in the atomic number or mass number of a radioactive nucleus. - Answers-True .The emission of gamma rays frequently occurs during alpha decay and beta particle emission. - Answers-True .The rad is the amount of radiation that also factors in its energy and potential to damage tissue. - Answers-False .PET scans are used to detect tumors and coronary artery disease, determine whether cancer has spread to other organs of the body, and monitor whether cancer treatment has been successful. - Answers-True .Nuclear fusion is the splitting apart of a heavy nucleus into lighter nuclei and neutrons. - Answers-False