ASB 222 Exam #2
What are the pros and cons of language? - answer- Pros: It has large samples
- Cons: It only consists of modern data and has unknown relationship to genetics
What are the pros and cons of skeletons and fossils? - answer- Pros: Ancient samples
- Cons: Spotty coverage and unknown relationship to genetics
What are the pros and cons of modern DNA? - answer- Pros: Large samples
- Cons: Modern data only and is the end result of historical process
What are the pros and cons of ancient DNA? - answer- Pros: Ancient samples
- Cons: Spotty coverage and complex interpretations
What are the characteristics of homo erectus? - answer- Dates back to 1.9 million years
ago to 70,000 years ago
- Highly anatomically variable with a thicker skull and larger brow ridges
- First out of Africa
- First one's to look like us
What are the characteristics of homo neanderthalensis? - answer- Dates back from
250,000 - 40,000
- Restricted range
- Large brain and skulls
- Shorter, thicker, and stockier body type
- Has sophisticated cultural and symbolic behaviors
- Burials
-Contemporaries with homo sapiens for 5,000 years
- Low population density, inbreeding, and cannibalism
What are the characteristics of homo sapiens? - answer- Dates back from 150,000 -
200,000
- Evolved from East Africa
- Large brains, smaller faces, thinner bones, rounded skulls, and has chins
What are the characteristics of homo florensiensis? - answer- Dates back to 700.000 -
50,000 - 18,000
- First discovered in Flores, Indonesia in Liang Bua Cave in 2003
- 3.5 - 4 ft tall, small brains, archaic features
- More primitive stone tools
, What are the characteristics of denisovans? - answer- Dates back to at least 50,000
years ago
- Discovered in central Asia, Altai Mountains in 2010 from 2 teeth and 1 finger bone
- Anciet DNA suggests distinct from Neanderthals and modern humans
- Highly variable populations
- Diverged 1 mya from modern humans
What are the contexts in which we find our ancestors? - answer- Eaten by carnivores
- Eaten by humans (cannibalism)
Cemetries suggest what? - answerIt suggest sedentism which suggests major changes
in human morbidity and mortality.
Neanderthal burials - answerIntentional but are not cemetries.
European upper paleolithic burials - answer- Most simple
- Some very elaborate
- Multiple but are not cemeteries
European Mesolithic - answer- Vedbaek, Denmark: 22 people 6,000 years ago
- Lepenski, Vir: 60 burials 7,000 years ago
Toforalt, Morrocco - answer- 14,000 years ago
- Dozens of burials
- Ritual processing
Jebel Sahaba, Nile Valley - answer- 13,000 years ago
-Approx. 60 burials
- 40% died from violent injuries
Which location was the oldest and best perserved place used as a cemetry? -
answerWindover pond, Florida. Was used 7,500 years ago.
Who populates the planet? - answerHomo sapiens.
Bantu expansions - answer- 5,000 years ago
- Orginated in Nigeria/Cameroon
- Agriculture and metallugy
- Adopted pastoralism
- Mover of ideas and technologu
Oceanic expansions - answer- 40,000 years ago people arrived in Oceania
- Austronesian speakers expand from SE Asia 4,000 years ago, associated with Lapita
culture
- Lapita expands into remote Oceania 3,200 years ago
What are the pros and cons of language? - answer- Pros: It has large samples
- Cons: It only consists of modern data and has unknown relationship to genetics
What are the pros and cons of skeletons and fossils? - answer- Pros: Ancient samples
- Cons: Spotty coverage and unknown relationship to genetics
What are the pros and cons of modern DNA? - answer- Pros: Large samples
- Cons: Modern data only and is the end result of historical process
What are the pros and cons of ancient DNA? - answer- Pros: Ancient samples
- Cons: Spotty coverage and complex interpretations
What are the characteristics of homo erectus? - answer- Dates back to 1.9 million years
ago to 70,000 years ago
- Highly anatomically variable with a thicker skull and larger brow ridges
- First out of Africa
- First one's to look like us
What are the characteristics of homo neanderthalensis? - answer- Dates back from
250,000 - 40,000
- Restricted range
- Large brain and skulls
- Shorter, thicker, and stockier body type
- Has sophisticated cultural and symbolic behaviors
- Burials
-Contemporaries with homo sapiens for 5,000 years
- Low population density, inbreeding, and cannibalism
What are the characteristics of homo sapiens? - answer- Dates back from 150,000 -
200,000
- Evolved from East Africa
- Large brains, smaller faces, thinner bones, rounded skulls, and has chins
What are the characteristics of homo florensiensis? - answer- Dates back to 700.000 -
50,000 - 18,000
- First discovered in Flores, Indonesia in Liang Bua Cave in 2003
- 3.5 - 4 ft tall, small brains, archaic features
- More primitive stone tools
, What are the characteristics of denisovans? - answer- Dates back to at least 50,000
years ago
- Discovered in central Asia, Altai Mountains in 2010 from 2 teeth and 1 finger bone
- Anciet DNA suggests distinct from Neanderthals and modern humans
- Highly variable populations
- Diverged 1 mya from modern humans
What are the contexts in which we find our ancestors? - answer- Eaten by carnivores
- Eaten by humans (cannibalism)
Cemetries suggest what? - answerIt suggest sedentism which suggests major changes
in human morbidity and mortality.
Neanderthal burials - answerIntentional but are not cemetries.
European upper paleolithic burials - answer- Most simple
- Some very elaborate
- Multiple but are not cemeteries
European Mesolithic - answer- Vedbaek, Denmark: 22 people 6,000 years ago
- Lepenski, Vir: 60 burials 7,000 years ago
Toforalt, Morrocco - answer- 14,000 years ago
- Dozens of burials
- Ritual processing
Jebel Sahaba, Nile Valley - answer- 13,000 years ago
-Approx. 60 burials
- 40% died from violent injuries
Which location was the oldest and best perserved place used as a cemetry? -
answerWindover pond, Florida. Was used 7,500 years ago.
Who populates the planet? - answerHomo sapiens.
Bantu expansions - answer- 5,000 years ago
- Orginated in Nigeria/Cameroon
- Agriculture and metallugy
- Adopted pastoralism
- Mover of ideas and technologu
Oceanic expansions - answer- 40,000 years ago people arrived in Oceania
- Austronesian speakers expand from SE Asia 4,000 years ago, associated with Lapita
culture
- Lapita expands into remote Oceania 3,200 years ago
