ASB 222 Exam 3 B
What are four aspects of human society? - answer- Population size
- Subsistence (how food is acquired)
- Political centralization
- Social stratification (extent of the social hierarchy)
What are four types of human societies? - answer-Bands
-Tribes
-Chiefdoms
-States
What are bands? - answerdozens of individuals; foragers; egalitarian; no social
stratification.
What are tribes? - answerHundreds of individuals; small-scale gardening; egalitarian; no
formal leaders.
What is an egalitarian society? - answerrelating to or believing in the principle that all
people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities.
What are Chiefdoms? - answerFirst evidence of wealth inequality. Social status is
inherited, disappear in the 20th century.
-More intensive agriculture, like field irrigation
-Food surplus
-Political centralization, there is a formal leader
Why are chiefdoms important? - answerFarming leads to a surplus, which leads to
specialists, which leads to extensive trade.
What is important about the Stonehenges? - answerMegaliths (large stones
monuments) spread in Western/Northern Europe 4000 B.C.
Stonehenge is one of these megaliths sites
Stonehenge was built over 1,500 years: over this time function, purpose, meaning of
site likely changed
Construction began 3000 B.C.
Multiple construction phases
Phase 1: Round bank and ditch, wooden posts inside, animal bones,cremated human
remains
Phase 2: Ditch is filled. Post holes of unknown significance
Phase 3: Earth and wood replaced by stone. Divided into sub-phases. Sub-phase 3a:
80 bluestones erected. Bluestone comes from 240 miles
What are four aspects of human society? - answer- Population size
- Subsistence (how food is acquired)
- Political centralization
- Social stratification (extent of the social hierarchy)
What are four types of human societies? - answer-Bands
-Tribes
-Chiefdoms
-States
What are bands? - answerdozens of individuals; foragers; egalitarian; no social
stratification.
What are tribes? - answerHundreds of individuals; small-scale gardening; egalitarian; no
formal leaders.
What is an egalitarian society? - answerrelating to or believing in the principle that all
people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities.
What are Chiefdoms? - answerFirst evidence of wealth inequality. Social status is
inherited, disappear in the 20th century.
-More intensive agriculture, like field irrigation
-Food surplus
-Political centralization, there is a formal leader
Why are chiefdoms important? - answerFarming leads to a surplus, which leads to
specialists, which leads to extensive trade.
What is important about the Stonehenges? - answerMegaliths (large stones
monuments) spread in Western/Northern Europe 4000 B.C.
Stonehenge is one of these megaliths sites
Stonehenge was built over 1,500 years: over this time function, purpose, meaning of
site likely changed
Construction began 3000 B.C.
Multiple construction phases
Phase 1: Round bank and ditch, wooden posts inside, animal bones,cremated human
remains
Phase 2: Ditch is filled. Post holes of unknown significance
Phase 3: Earth and wood replaced by stone. Divided into sub-phases. Sub-phase 3a:
80 bluestones erected. Bluestone comes from 240 miles
