CEFM Final Exam And Practice Exam Newest 2025 With Detailed Questions And All Accurate Answers A+ Graded And Verified By Experts

CEFM Final Exam And Practice Exam Newest 2025 With
Detailed Questions And All Accurate Answers A+ Graded And
Verified By Experts

what is the definition of fetal heart rate monitoring? - CORRECT ANSWER traditional
auscultation or electronic fetal monitoring which can involve internal, external or
combined monitors

what is the objected of FHR monitoring? - CORRECT ANSWER to prevent fetal injury
that might result from interruption of normal fetal oxygenation during labor

what are the two basic elements of fetal oxygenation? - CORRECT ANSWER 1-
transfer of oxygen from environment to fetus
2- the fetal response to interruption of oxygen transfer
(FHR patterns provide reliable info regarding both aspects)

what is the internal FHR monitor called? - CORRECT ANSWER fetal spiral electrode

what does an FSE monitor? - CORRECT ANSWER monitors the FECG from the
presenting part (measures the R to R intervals of the fetal heart) and converts to FHR

what must be present for an FSE monitor to be in use? - CORRECT ANSWER rupture
of membranes + sufficient cervical dilation (> 2cm)

what are some contraindications to an FSE? - CORRECT ANSWER - maternal infection
(HIV, GBS +, hepatitis, active herpes, syphilis, gonorrhea)
- suspected intrauterine infection
- fetal bleeding disordereds
- premature fetus
- unknown presentation (NO application to face, fontanels, genitalia)
- inadequate cervical dilation
- placenta previa
- vasa previa

what should you do if FSE shows an erratic display on EFM? - CORRECT ANSWER
check attachment pad on leg for adherence to skin + secure connection

what is the external FHR monitor called? - CORRECT ANSWER doppler ultrasound

how does the external US work? - CORRECT ANSWER transmits high-frequency
sounds wave to the moving interface of the fetal heart valves and deflects these back to
the device, converting them into an electronic signal that can be counted

,EFM is based on... - CORRECT ANSWER visual assessment

where is the optimal placement of the US to measure FHR? - CORRECT ANSWER
over the fetal back, which is usually the of maximum intensity

what are some limitations to doppler US? - CORRECT ANSWER - may double count
slow FHR (< 60 BPM) or half count fast FHR (> 180 BPM)
- coincidental (same) FHRs on monitor for twins

what should you do in response to US double or half counting? - CORRECT ANSWER -
assess FHR with fetoscope, stethoscope, or doppler
- check maternal pulse
- reapply gel + replace/relocate US
- consider FSE

what should you in response to coincidental FHRs for twins? - CORRECT ANSWER
replace and relocate US + label for twin A and twin B

what is the doppler effect? - CORRECT ANSWER when US waves are reflected from a
moving interface and wave return at different frequencies

what is the purpose of transvaginal US? - CORRECT ANSWER to detect fetal cardiac
activity/cardiac sounds by 2D video or M-mode imaging

why is transvaginal US used? - CORRECT ANSWER it is a closer proximity to the
uterus; good option for clinically difficult patients (obese)

what is intermittent auscultation? - CORRECT ANSWER an auditory assessment in
which an instrument/device is used to count the number of fetal heart beats occurring in
a prescribed amount of time at specified intervals and in relation to uterine contractions

why is intermittent auscultation useful? - CORRECT ANSWER auscultation can assist
with differentiating between MHR and FHR + placement of external US
auscultation can clarify the presence of irregular fetal rhythm

what are some ways to non-electronically use intermittent auscultation? - CORRECT
ANSWER - stethoscope
- delee-hillis fetoscope
- pinard stethoscope
*ventricular heart valves are audibly heard opening and closing*

how do you use the stethoscope for intermittent auscultation? - CORRECT ANSWER
end should be turned to domed/bell side then placed on maternal abdomen over the
fetal back

, how do you use the fetoscope for intermittent auscultation? - CORRECT ANSWER
should be worn on listener's head because bone conduction amplifies the fetal heart
sounds for counting

what do you use for intermittent auscultation electronically? - CORRECT ANSWER
doppler ultrasound (US) device

what are some issues with doppler ultrasound? - CORRECT ANSWER may double
count or half count FHR
may detect and record MHR

what is the procedure for intermittent auscultation? - CORRECT ANSWER 1- leopold's
maneuver
2- count maternal radial pulse
3- palpate abdomen for presence or absence of uterine activity
4- count FHR for 15 to 60 seconds between contractions + when fetus is not moving to
determine baseline to rhythm
5- auscultate before, during, and after contractions to identify fetal response (assess for
absence or presence of increases or decreases in FHR)

what is the external uterine monitor? - CORRECT ANSWER toco

what is the purpose of a toco monitor? - CORRECT ANSWER monitors approximate
frequency and duration of contractions by means of a pressure-sensing device applied
to the abdomen, depressed by contractions and fetal movemetn

what is used to assess intensity and resting tone when using a toco? - CORRECT
ANSWER palpation is MANDATORY with a toco monitor

where do you want the resting baseline to print on the strip with a toco monitor? -
CORRECT ANSWER at the 20-mmHg line; palpate to rule out hypertonus

what is abdominal EMG or abdominal fetal electrocardiogram? - CORRECT ANSWER
methods of electronic FHR monitoring that provide continuous data and a permanent
record of uterine activity

what is the purpose of palpating the fundus? what is best used for palpation? -
CORRECT ANSWER to measure frequency, duration, and relative strength of
contraction
best determined by using fingertips

what are the different classifications of contractions strength and their descriptions? -
CORRECT ANSWER mild: tense fundus bust eat to indent (tip of nose) (<50mmHg
IUPC)
moderate: firm fundus, difficult to indent with fingertips (chin)
strong: rigid, board-like fundus, almost impossible to indent (forehead)