PRITE MIDTERM EXAM WITH
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS VERIFIED BY EXPERT 2025
UPDATE
Amnesia preceded by epigastric sensation and fear are associated with electrical abnormality
where? - ANS Temporal lobe
Memory loss pattern in dissociative amnesia - ANS Memory loss occurs for a discrete period of
time
Amnesia characterized by loss of memory of events that occur after onset of etiologic condition
or agent - ANS Anterograde
What psychoactive drug produces amnesia? - ANS Alcohol
Brain Lesions - ANS ...
Visual problem in pituitary tumor compressing optic chiasm - ANS Bitemporal Hemianopsia
32 y/o pt 1-month history of worsening headaches, episodic mood swings and occasional
hallucinations with visual, tactile and auditory content. CT head reveals tumor where: - ANS
Temporal lobe
Syndrome characterized by fluent speech, preserved comprehension, inability to repeat, w/o
associated signs. Location of lesion in the brain? - ANS Supramarginal gyrus or insula
Acute onset of hemiballismus of LUE & LLE. MRI is most likely to show lesion located where?
- ANS Subthalamic nucleus
Left sided hemi-neglect is associated with lesion located where? - ANS Right Parietal Lobe
60M right-handed, getting lost, only writes on right half of paper. Where is lesion - ANS Right
parietal
Which hormone secreted in functional pituitary adenoma: - ANS Prolactin
CT & MRI show ventriculomegaly are out of proportion to sulcal atrophy. This is suggestive of
what diagnosis? - ANS Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
5 y/o with 4 month history of morning HA, vomiting, and recent problems with gait, falls, and
diplopia - ANS Medulloblastoma
,20 y/o with 1 yr of bitemporal headaches, polydipsia, polyuria, bulimia. For 2 months emotional
outburst aggressive and transient confusion neuro exam normal. What will MRI of brain show? -
ANS Hypothalamic tumor
Previously pleasant mom becomes profane and irresponsible over 6 months: - ANS Frontal lobe
Unilateral hearing loss with vertigo, unsteadiness with falls and headaches, mild facial weakness
and ipsilateral limb ataxia is most commonly associated with tumors in what locations: - ANS
Cerebellopontine angle
Catatonia - ANS ...
52 y/o with h/o unipolar depression is brought to ED with a first episode of catatonia. Patient is
on no meds, UDS is neg. Further w/u should initially focus on what factor? - ANS Metabolic
disorders
Which term describes state of immobility that is constantly maintained? - ANS Cataplexy
Ability of catatonic pt to hold same position - ANS Catalepsy
CVA - ANS ...
Chronic Afib develops aphasia and R hemiparesis at noon. ER exam notes weakness of R
extremities and severe dysfluent aphasia, but CT at 1:30 PM has no acute lesion. Most
appropriate treatment: - ANS TPA
Young adult gained 70 lbs in last year c/o daily severe headaches sometimes assoc with graying
out of vision. Papilledema present. CT and MRI brain no abnormalities but ventricles smaller
than usual. Goal of treatment in this case: - ANS Prevent blindness
Patient with hypertension develops vertigo, nausea, vomiting, hiccups, left sided face numbness,
nystagmus, hoarseness, ataxia of the limbs, staggering gait, and is falling to the left. Dx? - ANS
Lateral medullary stroke
Rapid onset of right facial weakness, left limb weakness, diplopia - ANS Brain Stem Infarction
Transient symptom associated with carotid stenosis: *** - ANS Monocular blindness
62 y/o M w DM is not making sense, saying "thar szing is phrumper zu stalking". Normal
intonation but no one in the family can understand it. He verbally responds to questions with
similar utterances but fails to successfully execute any instruction. **** - ANS Wernicke's
aphasia
58 y/o M h/o HTN, cig smoking and sudden inability to speak. Face drooping on R and dragging
R leg. In ER examined within 40 mins of onset: Aphasic, unable to understand or repeat verbal
commands. Unintelligable sounds for speech. Alert but appeared frustrated. R hemiplegia with
,arm and face weaker than leg. CT head showed no hemorrhage. Pathology type and area: - ANS
Thromboembolic stroke L MCA (middle cerebral artery)
Abulia refers to impairment in ability to: - ANS Spontaneously move and speak
Sudden-onset left hemiparesis with deviation of eyes to the right - ANS Right putaminal
hemorrhage
Sudden onset vertigo/nausea, hoarseness/dysphagia, right sided face numbness, diminished gag
reflex on right, decreased pinprick and temp sensation on left - ANS Right medullary infarction
65 y/o diabetic presents to ED c/o acute L sided weakness, deviation of gaze to R, L hemiplegia
and hemisensory deficit, and L homonymous hemianopsia. 12 hrs later, pt is unconscious, L
pupil enlarged and unreactive. CT will show what? - ANS R MCA infarct w/ edema and uncal
herniation
Pt with acute onset vertigo, what will suggest R lateral medullary infarct? - ANS R facial loss of
touch + temp sensation
46 y/o M w/ double vision + pain R eye. Exam: ptosis R eyelid, inability to elevate or adduct R
eye + R pupillary dilation. This is caused by: - ANS Post. Communicating artery aneurysm
Aphasia w/ effortful fragmented, dysfluent, telegraphic speech, is seen in a lesion where? - ANS
Post frontal lobe
39 year old with h/o of multiple miscarriages develops an acute left sided hemiparesis. Work up
revels elevated anticardiolipin titers and no other risk factors for stroke. Appropriate intervention
at this point is? - ANS Plasmapheresis
Abnormal elevated metabolic findings associated with increased risk of stroke in patients under
50 - ANS Plasma homocysteine
73 y/o found on floor, unaware of L UE/LE. Flaccid L arm, but denies anything wrong and when
asked to raise L arm raises R. When asked which arm is her L, she replies "yours." Dx? - ANS
Parietal lobe CVA
CT scan with occipital and intraventricular hyperintensities - ANS Parenchymal hemorrhage
Which med has secondary prevention against embolic stroke in patients with Afib? - ANS Oral
warfarin
As opposed to strokes caused by arterial embolism or thrombosis, those caused by cerebral vein
or venous sinus thrombosis are - ANS More often associated with seizures at onset
Atrophy of right temporal lobe on cross section associated with occlusion of: - ANS Middle
cerebral artery
, Loss of ability to execute previously learned motor activities (which is not the result of
demonstrable weakness, ataxia or sensory loss) is associated with lesions of? - ANS Left parietal
cortex
58 y/o s/p CABG - anomia for fingers and body parts, errors involving right and left, inability to
write thoughts/take notes/make calculations. Fluent speech and excellent comprehension - ANS
Left medial temporal stroke
Visual disturbances associated with occlusion of the right posterior cerebral artery? - ANS Left
homonymous hemianopsia
65 y/o with HTN collapsed. In ED is stuporous, R hemiparesis + hemisensory deficit, eyes
deviate to L. CT would show intraparenchymal hemorrhage in: - ANS Left basal ganglia
Higher frequency & greater severity of depression associated w/ cortical & subcortical strokes -
ANS Left anterior frontal
Pt with hypertension develops painless vision loss on the left eye. PE revels blindness in the left
eye and afferent papillary defect on the left. MRI shows several T2 hyperintensities in the white
matter periventricularly. No corpus callosum lesions. No enhancement with gadolinium. Dx? -
ANS Ischemic optic neuropathy
63 y/o with new onset aphasia and R hemiparesis, 2 days ago had milder/similar symptoms that
resolved in 30 minutes, yesterday had similar episode x45 minutes. Current sx started 1.5 hrs
ago. CT shows no stroke or hemorrhage. Tx? - ANS Intravenous thrombolytic agents
Lower facial weakness w/ relative sparing of forehead can be stroke in - ANS Internal capsule
Prosopagnosia is: - ANS Inability to recognize faces
57 y/o diabetic w/ HTN c/o several episodes of visual loss "curtain falling" over his L eye,
transient speech and language disturbance, and mild R hemiparesis that lasted 2 hrs. Suggests
presence of what? - ANS Extracranial L internal carotid stenosis
Head injury with LOC followed by lucid interval for a few hours then rapidly progressing coma.
What hemorrhage? - ANS Epidural
5 days after CABG a 47 yr M is disoriented in time and place. He identifies his right and left but
not that of the examiners. Can draw square and circle but not a clock. This is: - ANS Dyspraxia
Pt in ED with sudden HA and collapsing, some lethargy. Exam shows rigid neck, no
papilledema, no focal CN or motor signs. The initial test should be? - ANS CT Head
Post stroke depression in an 80 y/o pt who is R handed is associated with cognitive impairments
that - ANS Correlate with left hemispheric involvement
QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS VERIFIED BY EXPERT 2025
UPDATE
Amnesia preceded by epigastric sensation and fear are associated with electrical abnormality
where? - ANS Temporal lobe
Memory loss pattern in dissociative amnesia - ANS Memory loss occurs for a discrete period of
time
Amnesia characterized by loss of memory of events that occur after onset of etiologic condition
or agent - ANS Anterograde
What psychoactive drug produces amnesia? - ANS Alcohol
Brain Lesions - ANS ...
Visual problem in pituitary tumor compressing optic chiasm - ANS Bitemporal Hemianopsia
32 y/o pt 1-month history of worsening headaches, episodic mood swings and occasional
hallucinations with visual, tactile and auditory content. CT head reveals tumor where: - ANS
Temporal lobe
Syndrome characterized by fluent speech, preserved comprehension, inability to repeat, w/o
associated signs. Location of lesion in the brain? - ANS Supramarginal gyrus or insula
Acute onset of hemiballismus of LUE & LLE. MRI is most likely to show lesion located where?
- ANS Subthalamic nucleus
Left sided hemi-neglect is associated with lesion located where? - ANS Right Parietal Lobe
60M right-handed, getting lost, only writes on right half of paper. Where is lesion - ANS Right
parietal
Which hormone secreted in functional pituitary adenoma: - ANS Prolactin
CT & MRI show ventriculomegaly are out of proportion to sulcal atrophy. This is suggestive of
what diagnosis? - ANS Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
5 y/o with 4 month history of morning HA, vomiting, and recent problems with gait, falls, and
diplopia - ANS Medulloblastoma
,20 y/o with 1 yr of bitemporal headaches, polydipsia, polyuria, bulimia. For 2 months emotional
outburst aggressive and transient confusion neuro exam normal. What will MRI of brain show? -
ANS Hypothalamic tumor
Previously pleasant mom becomes profane and irresponsible over 6 months: - ANS Frontal lobe
Unilateral hearing loss with vertigo, unsteadiness with falls and headaches, mild facial weakness
and ipsilateral limb ataxia is most commonly associated with tumors in what locations: - ANS
Cerebellopontine angle
Catatonia - ANS ...
52 y/o with h/o unipolar depression is brought to ED with a first episode of catatonia. Patient is
on no meds, UDS is neg. Further w/u should initially focus on what factor? - ANS Metabolic
disorders
Which term describes state of immobility that is constantly maintained? - ANS Cataplexy
Ability of catatonic pt to hold same position - ANS Catalepsy
CVA - ANS ...
Chronic Afib develops aphasia and R hemiparesis at noon. ER exam notes weakness of R
extremities and severe dysfluent aphasia, but CT at 1:30 PM has no acute lesion. Most
appropriate treatment: - ANS TPA
Young adult gained 70 lbs in last year c/o daily severe headaches sometimes assoc with graying
out of vision. Papilledema present. CT and MRI brain no abnormalities but ventricles smaller
than usual. Goal of treatment in this case: - ANS Prevent blindness
Patient with hypertension develops vertigo, nausea, vomiting, hiccups, left sided face numbness,
nystagmus, hoarseness, ataxia of the limbs, staggering gait, and is falling to the left. Dx? - ANS
Lateral medullary stroke
Rapid onset of right facial weakness, left limb weakness, diplopia - ANS Brain Stem Infarction
Transient symptom associated with carotid stenosis: *** - ANS Monocular blindness
62 y/o M w DM is not making sense, saying "thar szing is phrumper zu stalking". Normal
intonation but no one in the family can understand it. He verbally responds to questions with
similar utterances but fails to successfully execute any instruction. **** - ANS Wernicke's
aphasia
58 y/o M h/o HTN, cig smoking and sudden inability to speak. Face drooping on R and dragging
R leg. In ER examined within 40 mins of onset: Aphasic, unable to understand or repeat verbal
commands. Unintelligable sounds for speech. Alert but appeared frustrated. R hemiplegia with
,arm and face weaker than leg. CT head showed no hemorrhage. Pathology type and area: - ANS
Thromboembolic stroke L MCA (middle cerebral artery)
Abulia refers to impairment in ability to: - ANS Spontaneously move and speak
Sudden-onset left hemiparesis with deviation of eyes to the right - ANS Right putaminal
hemorrhage
Sudden onset vertigo/nausea, hoarseness/dysphagia, right sided face numbness, diminished gag
reflex on right, decreased pinprick and temp sensation on left - ANS Right medullary infarction
65 y/o diabetic presents to ED c/o acute L sided weakness, deviation of gaze to R, L hemiplegia
and hemisensory deficit, and L homonymous hemianopsia. 12 hrs later, pt is unconscious, L
pupil enlarged and unreactive. CT will show what? - ANS R MCA infarct w/ edema and uncal
herniation
Pt with acute onset vertigo, what will suggest R lateral medullary infarct? - ANS R facial loss of
touch + temp sensation
46 y/o M w/ double vision + pain R eye. Exam: ptosis R eyelid, inability to elevate or adduct R
eye + R pupillary dilation. This is caused by: - ANS Post. Communicating artery aneurysm
Aphasia w/ effortful fragmented, dysfluent, telegraphic speech, is seen in a lesion where? - ANS
Post frontal lobe
39 year old with h/o of multiple miscarriages develops an acute left sided hemiparesis. Work up
revels elevated anticardiolipin titers and no other risk factors for stroke. Appropriate intervention
at this point is? - ANS Plasmapheresis
Abnormal elevated metabolic findings associated with increased risk of stroke in patients under
50 - ANS Plasma homocysteine
73 y/o found on floor, unaware of L UE/LE. Flaccid L arm, but denies anything wrong and when
asked to raise L arm raises R. When asked which arm is her L, she replies "yours." Dx? - ANS
Parietal lobe CVA
CT scan with occipital and intraventricular hyperintensities - ANS Parenchymal hemorrhage
Which med has secondary prevention against embolic stroke in patients with Afib? - ANS Oral
warfarin
As opposed to strokes caused by arterial embolism or thrombosis, those caused by cerebral vein
or venous sinus thrombosis are - ANS More often associated with seizures at onset
Atrophy of right temporal lobe on cross section associated with occlusion of: - ANS Middle
cerebral artery
, Loss of ability to execute previously learned motor activities (which is not the result of
demonstrable weakness, ataxia or sensory loss) is associated with lesions of? - ANS Left parietal
cortex
58 y/o s/p CABG - anomia for fingers and body parts, errors involving right and left, inability to
write thoughts/take notes/make calculations. Fluent speech and excellent comprehension - ANS
Left medial temporal stroke
Visual disturbances associated with occlusion of the right posterior cerebral artery? - ANS Left
homonymous hemianopsia
65 y/o with HTN collapsed. In ED is stuporous, R hemiparesis + hemisensory deficit, eyes
deviate to L. CT would show intraparenchymal hemorrhage in: - ANS Left basal ganglia
Higher frequency & greater severity of depression associated w/ cortical & subcortical strokes -
ANS Left anterior frontal
Pt with hypertension develops painless vision loss on the left eye. PE revels blindness in the left
eye and afferent papillary defect on the left. MRI shows several T2 hyperintensities in the white
matter periventricularly. No corpus callosum lesions. No enhancement with gadolinium. Dx? -
ANS Ischemic optic neuropathy
63 y/o with new onset aphasia and R hemiparesis, 2 days ago had milder/similar symptoms that
resolved in 30 minutes, yesterday had similar episode x45 minutes. Current sx started 1.5 hrs
ago. CT shows no stroke or hemorrhage. Tx? - ANS Intravenous thrombolytic agents
Lower facial weakness w/ relative sparing of forehead can be stroke in - ANS Internal capsule
Prosopagnosia is: - ANS Inability to recognize faces
57 y/o diabetic w/ HTN c/o several episodes of visual loss "curtain falling" over his L eye,
transient speech and language disturbance, and mild R hemiparesis that lasted 2 hrs. Suggests
presence of what? - ANS Extracranial L internal carotid stenosis
Head injury with LOC followed by lucid interval for a few hours then rapidly progressing coma.
What hemorrhage? - ANS Epidural
5 days after CABG a 47 yr M is disoriented in time and place. He identifies his right and left but
not that of the examiners. Can draw square and circle but not a clock. This is: - ANS Dyspraxia
Pt in ED with sudden HA and collapsing, some lethargy. Exam shows rigid neck, no
papilledema, no focal CN or motor signs. The initial test should be? - ANS CT Head
Post stroke depression in an 80 y/o pt who is R handed is associated with cognitive impairments
that - ANS Correlate with left hemispheric involvement
