VERSION WITH NGN FORMAT QUESTION AND
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES. PED PN ATI
2025
Infant/children Vital signs - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Everything is higher EXCEPT blood pressure
(Infant)
temp. 99
Pulse: 80-180
RR: 30-35 bpm
BP: 65-80/40-50
Does not increase significantly until they are much older
Fontanels - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..- Flat and soft
- Posterior fontanel closes within 6-8 weeks of age
- Anterior fontanel closes 12-18 months
Teething: - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Should have 6-8 teeth by 1 year
Ends up with 20 baby teeth and 32 adult
First teeth erupt by 6-8 months
Moro reflex - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Infant reflex where a baby will startle in response to a loud
sound or sudden movement
(Fall backward)
Tonic Neck Reflex - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..turning the head to one side, extending the arm and
leg on that side, and flexing the limbs on the opposite side
Birth to 3-8 months
Babinski Reflex - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Reflex in which a newborn fans out the toes when the
sole of the foot is touched
First year
,Baby's birth weight - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Double: 6 months
Triple: 12 months
Infant height - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..1 inch (2.5 cm) for first 6 months of life
12 months: Birth length increased by 50%
Head lag - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..By 3 months old - baby should only have
SLIGHT____________
4 months - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Reaches out to people;
Drools/places objects in mouth
Rolls from back to side
5 months - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Sleeps thought night
Can tell family from strangers
Roll from *Front to back*
6 months - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Roll back to front
Hold bottle
7 months - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Moves objects from hand to hand
8 months - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Sit unsupported
9 months - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Crude pincer grasp (uses all fingers to grab object)
Pulls to standing position; cooked, chopped, and unseasoned foods
10 months - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Prone to sitting position
Grasp rattle by handle
11 months - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Put objects into container
Neat pincer grasp
12 months - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..attempt 2 block tower - without success
Piaget Birth - 24 months - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Senorimotor stage
Idea of object perminence; 9 months
- know the object exists even though they cannot see it
,Speaking by 1 year: - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..3-5 words
Separation Anxiety - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..4-8 months
Stranger fear - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..6-8 months
Activities for infants up to 1 year - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..- Patty cake
- Blocks
- Rattles
- Bright colored toys
2 month visit - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..2nd hep B
IPV
RV
PCV
DTAP
Hib
3 month visit - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..IPV
RV
PCV
DTAP
Hib
6 months visit - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..IPV
RV
PCV
DTAP
Hib
and hep B
Flu shots start: - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..6 months and 1 year
Foods for the first 6 months - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..ONLY breast milk
No juice or water for 1st year
Introducing new foods - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..1 at a time over 4-7 days (checking for allergies)
Be mindful of choking (grapes, coins, candy)
Crib slats: - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..No more than 6 cm apart
30 months (2.5 years) of age; weight - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..4x their birth weight
, Toddlers Height - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..3 in (7.5 cm) per year
Head and chest circumference - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Should be equal
15 months skills - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Walk without help
Build tower of 2 blocks
18 months - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Throw ball over hand
2 years - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Up and down stairs (placing both feet on each step)
Build 6-7 block tower
2.5 years - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Jump with both feet
Draw circles
Speaking 1 year: - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..1 word sentence; holophrases
Speaking 2 year: - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..2-3 word sentence
Age appropriate activities for toddlers - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..- Filling and emptying containers
- Playing with blocks
- Looking at books
- Push-pull toys
- Tossing balls
- Finger paints
- Large-piece puzzles
- Thick crayons
12-15 months visit - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..IPV
PCV
MMR
Varicella
Hib
12-23 month visit - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Hep A
15-18 month visit - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..DTAP
Flu vaccine
Nutrition - ✔✔ANSW✔✔..Birth-1: breast milk
1-2: full fat milk (whole)
2: Low-fat milk