1/6/24,L2:50LP ATILRNLCommunityLHealthLNursingLStudyLGuid
M e
ATILRNLCommunityLHealth LNursingLStudyLGuideLC
hapterL1-LOverviewLofLCommunityLHealthLNursing
- CommunityLHealthLNursing
o ALpopulationLfocusesLapproachLinLplanning, Ldelivering, LandLevaluatingLnursingLcare.
o NursesLpromoteLhealthLandLwelfareLofLpatientsLacrossLtheLlifespanLandLfromL
diverseLpopulations.
o NursesLshouldLunderstandLtheLfoundationsLofLcommunityLhealthLnursing, Lhealth
promotion,LandLdiseaseLprevention.
- FoundationsLofLCommunityLNursing
o AdvancesLinLknowledgeLaboutLhealthLledLtoLappropriateLeducationLofLprovider
sLandLregulationLofLwaterLandLotherLenvironmentalLfactors.
o LocalLhealthLboardsLbeganLtoLmonitorLdisease,LpromoteLhealth,LandLcollectLstatistics
LaboutLtheLcommunity.
- CommunityLHealthLNursingLTheories
o SystemsLthinking-
Lstudies LhowLanLindividualLorLunitLinteracts LwithLotherLorganization
s/systems;LusefulLinLstudyingLcauseLandLeffectLrelationships.
o UpstreamLthinking-LusedLtoLfocusLonLinterventionsLthatLpromoteLhealthLorLpreventLillness.
- EssentialsLofLCommunityLNursing
o DeterminantsLofLhealth-
LpatientLorLenvironmentalLfactorsLthatLinfluenceLtheLpatient’sLhealth.
▪ Example-
Lnutrition,LsocialLsupport,Lstress,Leducation,Lfinances,Ltransportation, Lhousi
ng,Lbiology,Lgenetics,LandLpersonalLhealthLpractices.
o HealthLindicators-LdescribesLtheLhealthLstatusLofLaLcommunityLandLservesLasLtargetsLforLthe
improvementLofLaLcommunity’sLhealth.
▪ Example-
LmortalityLrates,LdiseaseLprevalence,LlevelsLofLphysicalLactivity,Lobesity,Ltoba
ccoLuse,LsubstanceLabuse.
o Nurses-
LdetermineLtheLcommunity’sLhealthLbyLexaminingLtheLhealthLneedsLofLthe Lcomm
unityLandLifLtheyLareLmetLorLnot.LGoalLofLcommunityLhealthLnursesLisLtoLpromot
e,LpreserveLandLmaintainLtheLhealthLofLpopulationsLbyLtheLdeliveryLofLhealthLcare
Lservices.
▪ Example-
LtheyLcanLworkLatLcommunityLhealthLcareLclinicsLorLdepartment LofLhe
alth.
o Community-
LgroupLofLpeopleLandLinstitutionsLthatLshare Lgeographic,Lcivic,Land/orLsocial Lparam
eters.LVaryLinLcharacteristicsLandLhealthLneeds.
▪ Example-Laggregate,Lpopulation
- TypesLofLCommunityLHealthLNursing
o PublicLHealthLNursing
▪ Population-focusedLwithLtheLgoalLtoLpromoteLhealthLandLpreventLdisease.
▪ Assessment-
LusingLsystematicLmethodsLtoLmonitorLtheLhealthLofLaLpopulation.LDiagnos
eLandLinvestigateLhealthLproblemsLandLhealthLhazardsLinLtheLcommunity.
▪ PolicyLDevelopment-
LdevelopingLlawsLandLpracticesLtoLpromoteLtheLhealthLofLaLpopulationLbas
edLonLscientificLevidence.
• InformLandLeducateLaboutLhealthLissues,LmobilizeLcommunity
partnershipsLtoLidentifyLandLsolveLhealthLproblems,LdevelopLpolicies
LandLplansLtoLsupportLindividualLandLcommunityLhealthLefforts.
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M e
▪ Assurance-
LensuringLhealthcareLservicesLareLaccessible,LenforcingLlawsLandLregulation
sLthatLprotectLhealthLandLensureLsafety,LlinkLpeopleLtoLneededLpersonalLhea
lthLservices.
o Population-focusedLnursing
▪ IncludesLassessingLtoLdetermineLneeds,LinterveningLtoLprotectLandLpromoteL
healthLandLpreventingLdiseaseLwithinLaLspecificLpopulation.
▪ CommunityLpartnershipLoccursLwhenLcommunityLmembers,LagenciesLand
LbusinessesLactivelyLparticipateLinLtheLprocessLofLhealthLpromotionLandL
diseaseLprevention
▪ KeyLprinciplesLofLpublicLhealthLnursingLincludeLanLemphasisLonLpri
maryLprevention,LachievingLtheLgreatestLgoodLforLtheLlargestLnumber
LofLpeople.
- PrinciplesLGuidingLCommunityLHealthLNursing
o Ethics
▪ PreventingLharm,LdoingLnoLharm,LpromotingLgood,LrespectingLbothLindividua
lLandLcommunityLrights,LrespectingLautonomyLandLdiversity,LandLprovidingLc
onfidentiality,Lcompetency,Ltrustworthiness,LandLadvocacy.
o RespectLforLAutonomy
▪ IndividualsLselectLthoseLactionsLthatLfulfillLtheirLgoals.
• Example-LrespectingLaLpatient’sLrightLtoLself-determination
o Nonmaleficence
▪ NoLharmLisLdoneLwhenLapplyingLstandardsLofLcare.
o Beneficence
▪ MaximizeLpossibleLbenefitsLandLminimizeLpossibleLharms.
o DistributiveLjustice
▪ FairLdistributionLofLtheLbenefitsLandLburdenLinLsocietyLisLbasedLonLtheLne
edsLandLcontributionsLofLitsLmembers.
o Advocacy
▪ NurseLplaysLtheLroleLofLinformer,LsupporterLandLmediatorLforLtheLpatient.
▪ NursesLactLasLadvocatesLforLcommunitiesLandLpopulationsLthroughLeffo
rtsLtoLchangeLhealthLcareLsystemsLandLimproveLqualityLofLlife.
• Example-
LnursesLworkingLtoLpromoteLaccessLtoLclinicsLforLindividuals Lwho
LliveLinLruralLcommunities.
- Evidence-BasedLPractice
o EVP
▪ InvolvesLusingLbestLpractices,LexpertLopinion,LandLclientLpreferencesLtoLchan
geLtheLdeliveryLofLclientLcareLandLimproveLclientLoutcomes.
o Data
▪ Quality-LdataLcollectedLfromLresearchLtoLmeasureLwhetherLbiasLwasLminimal
▪ Quantity-LtheLnumberLofLstudies,Lparticipants,LorLstrengthLofLeffect.
▪ Consistency-LwhetherLtheLresultsLareLrepeatable.
▪ DataLisLalsoLclassifiedLtoLdetermineLtheLstrengthLofLtheLinformation.
o InLtheLCommunity
▪ EBPLimprovesLpublicLhealthLasLnursesLdevelopLpoliciesLtoLimproveLtheLhealt
hLofLspecificLgroups,LprovideLnewLsolutionsLforLgroupsLofLpeopleL(assessmen
t),LprovideLinformationLtoLcommunitiesL(policyLdevelopment)LandLevaluateLth
eLeffectivenessLofLtheLhealthLcareLenvironmentLforLgroupsL(assurance)
ThisLisLaLpreview
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M e
DoL youL wantL fullL access?L GoLPre
miumL andL unlockLallL43Lpages
AccessLtoLallLdocuments
LGetLUnlimitedLDownload
sLImproveLyourLgrades
Upload
ShareLyourLdocumentsLt
oLunlock
Upgrade
BecomeLPremiumLtoLunlock
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, 1/6/24,L2:50LP ATILRNLCommunityLHealthLNursingLStudyLGuid
M e
▪ TheLTaskLForceLonLCommunityLPreventativeLServicesLproducesLaLguideLtha
tLreviewsLhealthLpromotionLandLdiseaseLpreventionLguidelinesLcomparedLto
LtheLavailableLevidence.LThen,LtheyLdetermineLwhetherLtheLevidenceLisLstro
ngLenoughLtoLimplementLanLintervention.
▪ NursesLmustLconsiderLseveralLfactorsLwhenLapplyingLevidenceLtoLpractice:
Lcost,Lbenefit,Lsatisfaction,Lsafety,LandLpatientLspecificLfactors.
- HealthLPromotionLandLDiseaseLPrevention
o HealthLPromotion
▪ HealthyLPeopleLnationalLhealthLgoalsLareLderivedLfromLscientificLdataLandL
trendsLcollectedLduringLtheLpriorLdecade.
▪ BasedLoffLofLmajorLrisksLtoLtheLhealthLandLwellnessLofLtheLUnitedLStates
Population.
▪ ServesLasLaLmeasureLforLqualityLofLhealth.
▪ ObjectivesLincludeLtheLfollowingLfocusLareas
• AccessLtoLhealthLservices,LadolescentLhealth,LchronicLkidneyLdisease,
Ldisability,Lgenomics,LglobalLhealth,Lhealth-
relatedLqualityLofLlifeLandLwell-
Lbeing,LhearingLdisorders,LnutritionLandLweightLstatus, Lolder Ladults,Lo
ralLhealth,Lpreparedness,LfamilyLplanning,LfoodLsafety,LmentalLhealth,
LmedicalLproductLsafety,LLGBTLhealth,LsubstanceLabuse,LandLsleepLh
ealth.
o DiseaseLPrevention
▪ PrimaryLPrevention-LpreventionLofLtheLinitialLoccurrenceLofLdiseaseLorLinjury
• NutritionLeducation,LfamilyLplanning,LsexLeducation,LsmokingLcessat
ionLeducation,LcommunicableLdiseaseLpreventionLeducation,Leducatio
nLaboutLhealthLandLhygieneLissuesLtoLspecificLgroups,LsafetyLeducati
on,LprenatalLclasses,LprovidingLimmunizations,LadvocatingLforLaccess
L toLhealthLcare, LhealthyLenvironments.
▪ SecondaryLprevention-
LearlyLdetectionLandLtreatmentLofLdiseaseLwithLtheLgoalLofLlimitingLseverit
yLandLadverseLeffects.
• CommunityLassessments,LdiseaseLsurveillance,Lscreenings,Lcancer,
LdiabetesLmellitus,Lhypertension,LTB,LleadLexposure,LgeneticLdiso
rders,LcontrolLofLoutbreaksLofLcommunicableLdiseases.
▪ TertiaryLprevention-
LreducingLtheLlimitationsLofLdisabilityLandLpromotingLrehabilitationLf
ollowingLhealthLalterations.
• Rehabilitation,LnutritionLcounselingLforLmanagementLofLaLspe
cificLdisease,LexerciseLrehabilitation,LcaseLmanagement,Lphysic
alLandLoccupationalLtherapy,LsupportLgroups.
ChapterL 2-L FactorsL InfluencingL CommunityL Health
- Culture
o TheLOfficeLofLMinorityLHealthLhasLrequirementsLforLculturallyLandLlinguist
icallyLappropriateLservicesL(CLAS).
o LanguageLassistanceLandLinformationLtoLaLclientLinLtheirLpreferredLlanguageLthro
ughoutLtheLdeliveryLofLhealthLcare.
o CongruencyLbetweenLcultureLandLhealthLcareLisLessentialLtoLtheLwell-
beingLofLtheLclient;LitLisLimportantLtoLassessLculturalLbeliefsLandLpracticesLwhenLde
velopingLaLcareLplan.
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M e
ATILRNLCommunityLHealth LNursingLStudyLGuideLC
hapterL1-LOverviewLofLCommunityLHealthLNursing
- CommunityLHealthLNursing
o ALpopulationLfocusesLapproachLinLplanning, Ldelivering, LandLevaluatingLnursingLcare.
o NursesLpromoteLhealthLandLwelfareLofLpatientsLacrossLtheLlifespanLandLfromL
diverseLpopulations.
o NursesLshouldLunderstandLtheLfoundationsLofLcommunityLhealthLnursing, Lhealth
promotion,LandLdiseaseLprevention.
- FoundationsLofLCommunityLNursing
o AdvancesLinLknowledgeLaboutLhealthLledLtoLappropriateLeducationLofLprovider
sLandLregulationLofLwaterLandLotherLenvironmentalLfactors.
o LocalLhealthLboardsLbeganLtoLmonitorLdisease,LpromoteLhealth,LandLcollectLstatistics
LaboutLtheLcommunity.
- CommunityLHealthLNursingLTheories
o SystemsLthinking-
Lstudies LhowLanLindividualLorLunitLinteracts LwithLotherLorganization
s/systems;LusefulLinLstudyingLcauseLandLeffectLrelationships.
o UpstreamLthinking-LusedLtoLfocusLonLinterventionsLthatLpromoteLhealthLorLpreventLillness.
- EssentialsLofLCommunityLNursing
o DeterminantsLofLhealth-
LpatientLorLenvironmentalLfactorsLthatLinfluenceLtheLpatient’sLhealth.
▪ Example-
Lnutrition,LsocialLsupport,Lstress,Leducation,Lfinances,Ltransportation, Lhousi
ng,Lbiology,Lgenetics,LandLpersonalLhealthLpractices.
o HealthLindicators-LdescribesLtheLhealthLstatusLofLaLcommunityLandLservesLasLtargetsLforLthe
improvementLofLaLcommunity’sLhealth.
▪ Example-
LmortalityLrates,LdiseaseLprevalence,LlevelsLofLphysicalLactivity,Lobesity,Ltoba
ccoLuse,LsubstanceLabuse.
o Nurses-
LdetermineLtheLcommunity’sLhealthLbyLexaminingLtheLhealthLneedsLofLthe Lcomm
unityLandLifLtheyLareLmetLorLnot.LGoalLofLcommunityLhealthLnursesLisLtoLpromot
e,LpreserveLandLmaintainLtheLhealthLofLpopulationsLbyLtheLdeliveryLofLhealthLcare
Lservices.
▪ Example-
LtheyLcanLworkLatLcommunityLhealthLcareLclinicsLorLdepartment LofLhe
alth.
o Community-
LgroupLofLpeopleLandLinstitutionsLthatLshare Lgeographic,Lcivic,Land/orLsocial Lparam
eters.LVaryLinLcharacteristicsLandLhealthLneeds.
▪ Example-Laggregate,Lpopulation
- TypesLofLCommunityLHealthLNursing
o PublicLHealthLNursing
▪ Population-focusedLwithLtheLgoalLtoLpromoteLhealthLandLpreventLdisease.
▪ Assessment-
LusingLsystematicLmethodsLtoLmonitorLtheLhealthLofLaLpopulation.LDiagnos
eLandLinvestigateLhealthLproblemsLandLhealthLhazardsLinLtheLcommunity.
▪ PolicyLDevelopment-
LdevelopingLlawsLandLpracticesLtoLpromoteLtheLhealthLofLaLpopulationLbas
edLonLscientificLevidence.
• InformLandLeducateLaboutLhealthLissues,LmobilizeLcommunity
partnershipsLtoLidentifyLandLsolveLhealthLproblems,LdevelopLpolicies
LandLplansLtoLsupportLindividualLandLcommunityLhealthLefforts.
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,1/6/24,L2:50LP ATILRNLCommunityLHealthLNursingLStudyLGuid
M e
▪ Assurance-
LensuringLhealthcareLservicesLareLaccessible,LenforcingLlawsLandLregulation
sLthatLprotectLhealthLandLensureLsafety,LlinkLpeopleLtoLneededLpersonalLhea
lthLservices.
o Population-focusedLnursing
▪ IncludesLassessingLtoLdetermineLneeds,LinterveningLtoLprotectLandLpromoteL
healthLandLpreventingLdiseaseLwithinLaLspecificLpopulation.
▪ CommunityLpartnershipLoccursLwhenLcommunityLmembers,LagenciesLand
LbusinessesLactivelyLparticipateLinLtheLprocessLofLhealthLpromotionLandL
diseaseLprevention
▪ KeyLprinciplesLofLpublicLhealthLnursingLincludeLanLemphasisLonLpri
maryLprevention,LachievingLtheLgreatestLgoodLforLtheLlargestLnumber
LofLpeople.
- PrinciplesLGuidingLCommunityLHealthLNursing
o Ethics
▪ PreventingLharm,LdoingLnoLharm,LpromotingLgood,LrespectingLbothLindividua
lLandLcommunityLrights,LrespectingLautonomyLandLdiversity,LandLprovidingLc
onfidentiality,Lcompetency,Ltrustworthiness,LandLadvocacy.
o RespectLforLAutonomy
▪ IndividualsLselectLthoseLactionsLthatLfulfillLtheirLgoals.
• Example-LrespectingLaLpatient’sLrightLtoLself-determination
o Nonmaleficence
▪ NoLharmLisLdoneLwhenLapplyingLstandardsLofLcare.
o Beneficence
▪ MaximizeLpossibleLbenefitsLandLminimizeLpossibleLharms.
o DistributiveLjustice
▪ FairLdistributionLofLtheLbenefitsLandLburdenLinLsocietyLisLbasedLonLtheLne
edsLandLcontributionsLofLitsLmembers.
o Advocacy
▪ NurseLplaysLtheLroleLofLinformer,LsupporterLandLmediatorLforLtheLpatient.
▪ NursesLactLasLadvocatesLforLcommunitiesLandLpopulationsLthroughLeffo
rtsLtoLchangeLhealthLcareLsystemsLandLimproveLqualityLofLlife.
• Example-
LnursesLworkingLtoLpromoteLaccessLtoLclinicsLforLindividuals Lwho
LliveLinLruralLcommunities.
- Evidence-BasedLPractice
o EVP
▪ InvolvesLusingLbestLpractices,LexpertLopinion,LandLclientLpreferencesLtoLchan
geLtheLdeliveryLofLclientLcareLandLimproveLclientLoutcomes.
o Data
▪ Quality-LdataLcollectedLfromLresearchLtoLmeasureLwhetherLbiasLwasLminimal
▪ Quantity-LtheLnumberLofLstudies,Lparticipants,LorLstrengthLofLeffect.
▪ Consistency-LwhetherLtheLresultsLareLrepeatable.
▪ DataLisLalsoLclassifiedLtoLdetermineLtheLstrengthLofLtheLinformation.
o InLtheLCommunity
▪ EBPLimprovesLpublicLhealthLasLnursesLdevelopLpoliciesLtoLimproveLtheLhealt
hLofLspecificLgroups,LprovideLnewLsolutionsLforLgroupsLofLpeopleL(assessmen
t),LprovideLinformationLtoLcommunitiesL(policyLdevelopment)LandLevaluateLth
eLeffectivenessLofLtheLhealthLcareLenvironmentLforLgroupsL(assurance)
ThisLisLaLpreview
about:blank 2/72
,1/6/24,L2:50LP ATILRNLCommunityLHealthLNursingLStudyLGuid
M e
DoL youL wantL fullL access?L GoLPre
miumL andL unlockLallL43Lpages
AccessLtoLallLdocuments
LGetLUnlimitedLDownload
sLImproveLyourLgrades
Upload
ShareLyourLdocumentsLt
oLunlock
Upgrade
BecomeLPremiumLtoLunlock
AlreadyL Premium?L LogLin
about:blank 3/72
, 1/6/24,L2:50LP ATILRNLCommunityLHealthLNursingLStudyLGuid
M e
▪ TheLTaskLForceLonLCommunityLPreventativeLServicesLproducesLaLguideLtha
tLreviewsLhealthLpromotionLandLdiseaseLpreventionLguidelinesLcomparedLto
LtheLavailableLevidence.LThen,LtheyLdetermineLwhetherLtheLevidenceLisLstro
ngLenoughLtoLimplementLanLintervention.
▪ NursesLmustLconsiderLseveralLfactorsLwhenLapplyingLevidenceLtoLpractice:
Lcost,Lbenefit,Lsatisfaction,Lsafety,LandLpatientLspecificLfactors.
- HealthLPromotionLandLDiseaseLPrevention
o HealthLPromotion
▪ HealthyLPeopleLnationalLhealthLgoalsLareLderivedLfromLscientificLdataLandL
trendsLcollectedLduringLtheLpriorLdecade.
▪ BasedLoffLofLmajorLrisksLtoLtheLhealthLandLwellnessLofLtheLUnitedLStates
Population.
▪ ServesLasLaLmeasureLforLqualityLofLhealth.
▪ ObjectivesLincludeLtheLfollowingLfocusLareas
• AccessLtoLhealthLservices,LadolescentLhealth,LchronicLkidneyLdisease,
Ldisability,Lgenomics,LglobalLhealth,Lhealth-
relatedLqualityLofLlifeLandLwell-
Lbeing,LhearingLdisorders,LnutritionLandLweightLstatus, Lolder Ladults,Lo
ralLhealth,Lpreparedness,LfamilyLplanning,LfoodLsafety,LmentalLhealth,
LmedicalLproductLsafety,LLGBTLhealth,LsubstanceLabuse,LandLsleepLh
ealth.
o DiseaseLPrevention
▪ PrimaryLPrevention-LpreventionLofLtheLinitialLoccurrenceLofLdiseaseLorLinjury
• NutritionLeducation,LfamilyLplanning,LsexLeducation,LsmokingLcessat
ionLeducation,LcommunicableLdiseaseLpreventionLeducation,Leducatio
nLaboutLhealthLandLhygieneLissuesLtoLspecificLgroups,LsafetyLeducati
on,LprenatalLclasses,LprovidingLimmunizations,LadvocatingLforLaccess
L toLhealthLcare, LhealthyLenvironments.
▪ SecondaryLprevention-
LearlyLdetectionLandLtreatmentLofLdiseaseLwithLtheLgoalLofLlimitingLseverit
yLandLadverseLeffects.
• CommunityLassessments,LdiseaseLsurveillance,Lscreenings,Lcancer,
LdiabetesLmellitus,Lhypertension,LTB,LleadLexposure,LgeneticLdiso
rders,LcontrolLofLoutbreaksLofLcommunicableLdiseases.
▪ TertiaryLprevention-
LreducingLtheLlimitationsLofLdisabilityLandLpromotingLrehabilitationLf
ollowingLhealthLalterations.
• Rehabilitation,LnutritionLcounselingLforLmanagementLofLaLspe
cificLdisease,LexerciseLrehabilitation,LcaseLmanagement,Lphysic
alLandLoccupationalLtherapy,LsupportLgroups.
ChapterL 2-L FactorsL InfluencingL CommunityL Health
- Culture
o TheLOfficeLofLMinorityLHealthLhasLrequirementsLforLculturallyLandLlinguist
icallyLappropriateLservicesL(CLAS).
o LanguageLassistanceLandLinformationLtoLaLclientLinLtheirLpreferredLlanguageLthro
ughoutLtheLdeliveryLofLhealthLcare.
o CongruencyLbetweenLcultureLandLhealthLcareLisLessentialLtoLtheLwell-
beingLofLtheLclient;LitLisLimportantLtoLassessLculturalLbeliefsLandLpracticesLwhenLde
velopingLaLcareLplan.
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