CBSC Final Exam Questions with 100% correct answers (updated 2025)
In the brain, information is transmitted from cell to cell across _________.
- ANSWER-synapses
major parts of the neuron - ANSWER--input zone (dendrites and cell body)
= where the neuron collects and processes info
-integration zone
-conduction zone (axon)
-output zone (axon terminals) = where the neuron transfers info to other
cells
Neuron doctrine - ANSWER--The brain is composed of independent cells
-Information is transmitted from cell to cell across synapses
Presynaptic neuron - ANSWER-neuron that sends the signal, conducts
impulses toward the synapse
Postsynaptic neuron - ANSWER-the neuron on the receiving end of the
synapse, receives the signal
,Synaptic vesicles - ANSWER-Tiny pouches or sacs in the axon terminals
contain chemicals called neurotransmitters.
Synaptic cleft - ANSWER-a gap between adjacent neurons into which
neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminal
Neurotransmitter molecules - ANSWER-released from axon terminals and
transmit signals across a synapse to other neurons or effectors such as
muscles or glands
cells in the nervous system - ANSWER-neurons and glial cells
Neurons (nerve cells) - ANSWER--excitable cells that transmit electrical
signals
-the most important part of the nervous system
-types: multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar
multipolar neuron - ANSWER-A neuron with a single axon and multiple
dendrites; the most common type of neuron in the nervous system.
,bipolar neuron - ANSWER-a nerve cell that has a single dendrite at one
end and a single axon at the other end
unipolar neuron - ANSWER-a neuron with one axon attached to its soma,
found in sensory systems for quick reactions
glial cells - ANSWER--cells in the nervous system that support, nourish,
and protect neurons
-types: astrocytes, microglial, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells
astrocytes - ANSWER-many processes receive neuronal input and monitor
activity; the most studied, have a lot of processes (arms)
microglial - ANSWER-small cells remove debris from injured cells;
surround and breakdown debris
oligodendrocytes - ANSWER-form myelin sheath in brain and spinal cord
Schwann cells - ANSWER-form myelin sheath for cells outside the brain
and spinal cord
, motor neurons - ANSWER-stimulate muscles or glands
sensory neurons - ANSWER-respond to environmental stimuli, such as
light, odor, or touch
interneurons - ANSWER-most numerous, receive input from and send
input to other neurons
central nervous system (CNS) - ANSWER-consists of the brain and spinal
cord
peripheral nervous system (PNS) - ANSWER--the sensory and motor
neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
-composed of the somatic and autonomic nervous system
somatic nervous system - ANSWER--Cranial nerves - sensory and motor
nerves
-Spinal nerves - dorsal (sensory) and ventral (motor) roots
In the brain, information is transmitted from cell to cell across _________.
- ANSWER-synapses
major parts of the neuron - ANSWER--input zone (dendrites and cell body)
= where the neuron collects and processes info
-integration zone
-conduction zone (axon)
-output zone (axon terminals) = where the neuron transfers info to other
cells
Neuron doctrine - ANSWER--The brain is composed of independent cells
-Information is transmitted from cell to cell across synapses
Presynaptic neuron - ANSWER-neuron that sends the signal, conducts
impulses toward the synapse
Postsynaptic neuron - ANSWER-the neuron on the receiving end of the
synapse, receives the signal
,Synaptic vesicles - ANSWER-Tiny pouches or sacs in the axon terminals
contain chemicals called neurotransmitters.
Synaptic cleft - ANSWER-a gap between adjacent neurons into which
neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminal
Neurotransmitter molecules - ANSWER-released from axon terminals and
transmit signals across a synapse to other neurons or effectors such as
muscles or glands
cells in the nervous system - ANSWER-neurons and glial cells
Neurons (nerve cells) - ANSWER--excitable cells that transmit electrical
signals
-the most important part of the nervous system
-types: multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar
multipolar neuron - ANSWER-A neuron with a single axon and multiple
dendrites; the most common type of neuron in the nervous system.
,bipolar neuron - ANSWER-a nerve cell that has a single dendrite at one
end and a single axon at the other end
unipolar neuron - ANSWER-a neuron with one axon attached to its soma,
found in sensory systems for quick reactions
glial cells - ANSWER--cells in the nervous system that support, nourish,
and protect neurons
-types: astrocytes, microglial, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells
astrocytes - ANSWER-many processes receive neuronal input and monitor
activity; the most studied, have a lot of processes (arms)
microglial - ANSWER-small cells remove debris from injured cells;
surround and breakdown debris
oligodendrocytes - ANSWER-form myelin sheath in brain and spinal cord
Schwann cells - ANSWER-form myelin sheath for cells outside the brain
and spinal cord
, motor neurons - ANSWER-stimulate muscles or glands
sensory neurons - ANSWER-respond to environmental stimuli, such as
light, odor, or touch
interneurons - ANSWER-most numerous, receive input from and send
input to other neurons
central nervous system (CNS) - ANSWER-consists of the brain and spinal
cord
peripheral nervous system (PNS) - ANSWER--the sensory and motor
neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
-composed of the somatic and autonomic nervous system
somatic nervous system - ANSWER--Cranial nerves - sensory and motor
nerves
-Spinal nerves - dorsal (sensory) and ventral (motor) roots
