CDS exam
normal hemoglobin range - Answers -M: 13.5-17.5 g/dL
F: 12-15.5 g/dL
normal WBC range - Answers -4.5-11 K/uL
normal platelet range - Answers -150-450 K/uL
normal hematocrit range - Answers -M: 41-50%
F: 35-45%
erythrocyte indicies - Answers --MCV
-MCH
-MCHC
-RDW
peripheral blood smear - Answers -size, shape, numbers of blood cells
MCV - Answers --mean cell volume
-most clinically useful in differentiating types of anemias
80-100 um^3
MCH - Answers --mean cell hemoglobin
80-100um^3
MCHC - Answers -mean cell hemoglobin concentration
33-37gHb/dL
RDW - Answers -level of variation in size of RBCs
12-15%
serum iron - Answers -amount of iron in transit in the body
60-150 ug/dL
serum ferritin - Answers -iron stores in the body
15-200ng/dL
TIBC - Answers -body's ability to bind iron (inversely related to ferritin)*if iron stores are
low, transferrin value is high bc body is wanting to bind iron but doesn't have it to bind*
250-400ug/dL
, iron deficiency anemia - Answers --most common microcytic anemia
-high RDW (cells are very small)
-hypochromic cells
reticulocyte production index - Answers -0.5-2.5%
serum vitamin B12 - Answers -160-950pg/mL
serum folate - Answers -5-25 ng/mL
Why order a CBC? - Answers --to determine presence of anemia
-evidence for presence of infectious agents (viruses/bacteria affect wbc counts)
-identify WBC disorders (acute/chronic leukemia)
-assess platelets in bleeding disorders
relative vs absolute WBC counts - Answers --relative WBC count = % of each type
-absolute WBC count = actual # of each type (% x WBC count)
ANC - Answers --absolute neutrophil count
-determines risk for infection
-part of innate immune system where they travel around in blood
-calculated measurement
(WBC count on diff) x (% neutrophils) x 10
normal ANC range - Answers -1800-7800 cells/mm^3
when ANC range falls below what, you should be very concerned about risk of infection
- Answers -1000
what is leukocytosis - Answers -high WBC count
malignant proliferation of WBCs (either lymphoid or myeloid lineage) causes ____ due
to immature "blasts" preventing maturation to _____ - Answers -neutropenia,
neutrophils
leukemia - Answers -malignancy in the blood or bone marrow causing leukocytosis
lymphoma - Answers --lymphoid malignancy mostly in tissues (either B or T cell
predominates)
-total lymph node bx for dx
-dx cannot be made on blood results alone
acute vs chronic - Answers -acute = many blasts
chronic = few blasts, but other predominate cells (ex. having a ton of
eosinophils/basophils but very few blasts -- mutation allows them to mature but function
is impaired)
normal hemoglobin range - Answers -M: 13.5-17.5 g/dL
F: 12-15.5 g/dL
normal WBC range - Answers -4.5-11 K/uL
normal platelet range - Answers -150-450 K/uL
normal hematocrit range - Answers -M: 41-50%
F: 35-45%
erythrocyte indicies - Answers --MCV
-MCH
-MCHC
-RDW
peripheral blood smear - Answers -size, shape, numbers of blood cells
MCV - Answers --mean cell volume
-most clinically useful in differentiating types of anemias
80-100 um^3
MCH - Answers --mean cell hemoglobin
80-100um^3
MCHC - Answers -mean cell hemoglobin concentration
33-37gHb/dL
RDW - Answers -level of variation in size of RBCs
12-15%
serum iron - Answers -amount of iron in transit in the body
60-150 ug/dL
serum ferritin - Answers -iron stores in the body
15-200ng/dL
TIBC - Answers -body's ability to bind iron (inversely related to ferritin)*if iron stores are
low, transferrin value is high bc body is wanting to bind iron but doesn't have it to bind*
250-400ug/dL
, iron deficiency anemia - Answers --most common microcytic anemia
-high RDW (cells are very small)
-hypochromic cells
reticulocyte production index - Answers -0.5-2.5%
serum vitamin B12 - Answers -160-950pg/mL
serum folate - Answers -5-25 ng/mL
Why order a CBC? - Answers --to determine presence of anemia
-evidence for presence of infectious agents (viruses/bacteria affect wbc counts)
-identify WBC disorders (acute/chronic leukemia)
-assess platelets in bleeding disorders
relative vs absolute WBC counts - Answers --relative WBC count = % of each type
-absolute WBC count = actual # of each type (% x WBC count)
ANC - Answers --absolute neutrophil count
-determines risk for infection
-part of innate immune system where they travel around in blood
-calculated measurement
(WBC count on diff) x (% neutrophils) x 10
normal ANC range - Answers -1800-7800 cells/mm^3
when ANC range falls below what, you should be very concerned about risk of infection
- Answers -1000
what is leukocytosis - Answers -high WBC count
malignant proliferation of WBCs (either lymphoid or myeloid lineage) causes ____ due
to immature "blasts" preventing maturation to _____ - Answers -neutropenia,
neutrophils
leukemia - Answers -malignancy in the blood or bone marrow causing leukocytosis
lymphoma - Answers --lymphoid malignancy mostly in tissues (either B or T cell
predominates)
-total lymph node bx for dx
-dx cannot be made on blood results alone
acute vs chronic - Answers -acute = many blasts
chronic = few blasts, but other predominate cells (ex. having a ton of
eosinophils/basophils but very few blasts -- mutation allows them to mature but function
is impaired)
