,Multiple .Choice
Identify .the .choice .that .best .completes .the .statement .or .answers .the .question.
1. Which .metabolic .pathway .is .responsible .for .generating .90% .of .the .ATP .for .the .RBC?
a. Pentose .phosphate .shunt c. Glycolysis
b. Luebering-Rapoport .shunt d. . Methemoglobin .reductase
2. A .unit .of .blood .was .returned .to .the .blood .bank .before .it .was .spiked. .Apparently .the .patient’s .IV .failed.
.The .unit .of .blood .was .outside .the .blood .bank .for .35 .minutes. .Which .of .the .statements .below .is .most
.accurate?
a. The .unit .of .blood .should .be .discarded .immediately.
b. The .unit .of .blood .can .be .returned .to .inventory.
c. The .unit .of .blood .must .be .transfused .within .4 .hours .or .be .discarded .at .the .end .of .that .time.
d. The .unit .of .blood .must .be .transfused .with .24 .hours.
3. What .is .the .average .diameter .of .a .platelet?
a. 5 .to .10 .µm c. 1 .to .2 .µm
b. 2 .to .4 .µm d. . . 4 .to .6 .µm
4. In .the .normal .hemoglobin-oxygen .dissociation .curve, .what .percentage .of .oxygen .is .released .to .the
.tissues .when .PO2 . averages .40 .mm .Hg?
a. 75% c. 100%
b. 25% d. . 50%
5. What .factors .are .known .to .influence .platelet .metabolism .and .function?
a. Storage .temperature c. Platelet .count
b. Initial .pH d. . All .of .the .above
6. Which .of .the .following .red .blood .cell .morphologies .may .be .present .on .the .peripheral .blood .smear .as .a
.result .of .loss .of .RBC .membrane?
a. Spherocytes c. Burr .cells
b. Target .cells d. . Schistocytes
7. What .does .the .term .autologous .transfusion .refer .to?
a. A .parent .donating .blood .for .his .or .her .child
b. An .individual .donating .blood .for .a .friend
c. An .individual .donating .blood .for .a .relative
d. An .individual .donating .blood .for .his .or .her .own .transfusion
8. What .is .the .primary .function .of .hemoglobin?
a. Iron .metabolism c. Oxygen .transport
b. Porphyrin .synthesis d. . Signal .transduction
9. All .of .the .following .areas .of .red .blood .cell .biology .are .crucial .for .normal .erythrocyte .survival . except:
a. Cellular .metabolism. c. Site .of .the .ABO .antigen .attachment.
b. RBC .membrane. d. . Hemoglobin .structure.
,. 10. . What .is .the .correct .biochemical .composition .of .the .RBC .membrane?
a. 52% .protein, .40% .lipid, .8% .carbohydrate
b. 40% .protein, .8% .lipid, .52% .carbohydrate
c. 8% .protein, .52% .lipid, .40% .carbohydrate
d. 8% .lipid, .40% .carbohydrate, .52% .protein
. 11. . All .of .the .following .biochemical .changes .are .associated .with .loss .of .red .blood .cell .viability .upon .storage
except:
a. Decreased .pH. c. Increased .ATP .level.
b. Loss .of .red .blood .cell .function. d. . Decreased .glucose .consumption.
. 12. . Which .red .blood .cell .preservative .has .a .storage .time .of .35 .days?
a. ACD c. AS-1
b. CPDA-1 d. . . CPD
. 13. . The .RBC .membrane .is .relatively .permeable .to .all .of .the .following .except:
a. Chloride. c. Bicarbonate.
b. Sodium. d. . Water.
. 14. .What .percentage .of .platelets .is .sequestered .in .the .spleen .as .functional .reserve .after .being .released
.from .the .bone .marrow?
a. 30% c. 10%
b. 50% d. . . 25%
. 15. . What .is .the .major .biochemical .consideration .in .platelet .storage?
a. Glucose .metabolism c. Production .of .carbon .dioxide
b. Oxygen .supply d. . Regulation .of .pH
. 16. .What .would .the .hemoglobin-oxygen .dissociation .curve .depict .in .a .patient .exhibiting .clinical
.signs .of .alkalosis?
a. Normal c. Shift .to .the .right
b. Shift .to .the .left d. . None .of .the .above
. 17. . Name .the .main .lipid .components .of .a .red .blood .cell .membrane.
a. Phospholipid c. Glycolipid
b. Sphingomyelin d. . Glycophorin .A
. 18. . The .ABO .blood .groups .were .discovered .in .1901 .by .whom?
a. Charles .Drew c. Loutit .and .Mollison
b. Karl .Landsteiner d. . Edward .Lindeman
. 19. .A .standing .order .of .platelets .was .shipped .to .your .facility .by .your .supplier. .It .was .inadvertently .left .in
.the .corner .of .the .department .until .discovered .36 .hours .later. .What .would .the .appropriate .action .be .for
.the .blood .banker?
a. If .the .temperature .in .the .box .was .22 .+/- .2°C .and .the .platelet .swirl .seemed .OK, .it
.would .be .OK .to .accept .the .unit .into .inventory.
b. The .platelets .have .fallen .outside .the .supplier’s .quality .assurance. .The .unit .should .be
.discarded .because .the .pH .has .probably .dropped .too .low .and .platelet .activation .has
.been .compromised.
c. If .the .temperature .was .1°C .to .6°C .and .the .platelet .swirl .seemed .OK, .it .would .be .OK .to
, accept .the .unit .into .inventory.
d. If .the .platelets .appeared .OK .and .passed .the .platelet .swirl .test .after .being .placed .on
.the .agitator, .they .could .be .accepted .into .the .inventory.
. 20. . Which .metabolic .pathway .permits .the .accumulation .of .2,3 .diphosphoglycerate .(2,3-DPG)?
a. Glycolysis c. Pentose .phosphate .shunt
b. Luebering-Rapoport .shunt d. . Methemoglobin .reductase
. 21. . All .of .the .following .are .consistent .with .a ."shift .to .the .right" .of .the .hemoglobin-oxygen .dissociation .curve
except:
a. Increased .2,3-DPG.
b. 50% .O2 . saturation .to .tissues.
c. Decreased .2,3-DPG.
d. Decreased .hemoglobin .affinity .for .O2.
. 22. . What .is .the .normal .platelet .count .range .per .cubic .millimeter?
a. 100 .to .350 c. 50,000 .to .200,000
b. 150,000 .to .350,000 d. . 350,000 .to .500,000
. 23. . What .cryoprotective .agent .is .added .to .red .blood .cells .upon .freezing?
a. Dextrose c. Glycerol
b. Adsol d. . All .of .the .above
. 24. . If .platelets .are .to .be .stored .for .5 .days .on .a .rotator, .what .is .the .optimal .storage .temperature?
a. 1°C .to .6°C c. 35°C .to .37°C
b. 20°C .to .24°C d. . 1°C .to .10°C
. 25. . What .role .do .platelets .play .in .hemostasis?
a. Maintenance .of .vascular .integrity
b. Initial .arrest .of .bleeding .by .platelet .plug .formation
c. Stabilization .of .the .hemostatic .plug
d. All .of .the .above
. 26. . Which .of .the .following .best .describes ."integral" .membrane .proteins?
a. Reside .at .the .cytoplasmic .surface .of .membrane
b. Span .the .entire .membrane .surface
c. Form .the .red .blood .cell .cytoskeleton
d. None .of .the .above
. 27. . How .is .stroma-free .hemoglobin .solution .prepared?
a. Outdated .red .blood .cells .are .concentrated, .and .stroma .is .removed.
b. Outdated .red .blood .cells .are .diluted .with .saline, .and .stroma .is .removed.
c. Outdated .red .blood .cells .are .lysed, .and .stroma .is .removed.
d. None .of .the .above
. 28. . What .is .the .normal .life .span .of .an .RBC?
a. 100 .days c. 120 .hours
b. 120 .days d. . 2 .days
. 29. . Regarding .loss .of .RBC .membrane .deformability, .all .of .the .following .are .true .except:
a. Increase .in .ATP .level.
b. Decrease .in .ATP .level.
Identify .the .choice .that .best .completes .the .statement .or .answers .the .question.
1. Which .metabolic .pathway .is .responsible .for .generating .90% .of .the .ATP .for .the .RBC?
a. Pentose .phosphate .shunt c. Glycolysis
b. Luebering-Rapoport .shunt d. . Methemoglobin .reductase
2. A .unit .of .blood .was .returned .to .the .blood .bank .before .it .was .spiked. .Apparently .the .patient’s .IV .failed.
.The .unit .of .blood .was .outside .the .blood .bank .for .35 .minutes. .Which .of .the .statements .below .is .most
.accurate?
a. The .unit .of .blood .should .be .discarded .immediately.
b. The .unit .of .blood .can .be .returned .to .inventory.
c. The .unit .of .blood .must .be .transfused .within .4 .hours .or .be .discarded .at .the .end .of .that .time.
d. The .unit .of .blood .must .be .transfused .with .24 .hours.
3. What .is .the .average .diameter .of .a .platelet?
a. 5 .to .10 .µm c. 1 .to .2 .µm
b. 2 .to .4 .µm d. . . 4 .to .6 .µm
4. In .the .normal .hemoglobin-oxygen .dissociation .curve, .what .percentage .of .oxygen .is .released .to .the
.tissues .when .PO2 . averages .40 .mm .Hg?
a. 75% c. 100%
b. 25% d. . 50%
5. What .factors .are .known .to .influence .platelet .metabolism .and .function?
a. Storage .temperature c. Platelet .count
b. Initial .pH d. . All .of .the .above
6. Which .of .the .following .red .blood .cell .morphologies .may .be .present .on .the .peripheral .blood .smear .as .a
.result .of .loss .of .RBC .membrane?
a. Spherocytes c. Burr .cells
b. Target .cells d. . Schistocytes
7. What .does .the .term .autologous .transfusion .refer .to?
a. A .parent .donating .blood .for .his .or .her .child
b. An .individual .donating .blood .for .a .friend
c. An .individual .donating .blood .for .a .relative
d. An .individual .donating .blood .for .his .or .her .own .transfusion
8. What .is .the .primary .function .of .hemoglobin?
a. Iron .metabolism c. Oxygen .transport
b. Porphyrin .synthesis d. . Signal .transduction
9. All .of .the .following .areas .of .red .blood .cell .biology .are .crucial .for .normal .erythrocyte .survival . except:
a. Cellular .metabolism. c. Site .of .the .ABO .antigen .attachment.
b. RBC .membrane. d. . Hemoglobin .structure.
,. 10. . What .is .the .correct .biochemical .composition .of .the .RBC .membrane?
a. 52% .protein, .40% .lipid, .8% .carbohydrate
b. 40% .protein, .8% .lipid, .52% .carbohydrate
c. 8% .protein, .52% .lipid, .40% .carbohydrate
d. 8% .lipid, .40% .carbohydrate, .52% .protein
. 11. . All .of .the .following .biochemical .changes .are .associated .with .loss .of .red .blood .cell .viability .upon .storage
except:
a. Decreased .pH. c. Increased .ATP .level.
b. Loss .of .red .blood .cell .function. d. . Decreased .glucose .consumption.
. 12. . Which .red .blood .cell .preservative .has .a .storage .time .of .35 .days?
a. ACD c. AS-1
b. CPDA-1 d. . . CPD
. 13. . The .RBC .membrane .is .relatively .permeable .to .all .of .the .following .except:
a. Chloride. c. Bicarbonate.
b. Sodium. d. . Water.
. 14. .What .percentage .of .platelets .is .sequestered .in .the .spleen .as .functional .reserve .after .being .released
.from .the .bone .marrow?
a. 30% c. 10%
b. 50% d. . . 25%
. 15. . What .is .the .major .biochemical .consideration .in .platelet .storage?
a. Glucose .metabolism c. Production .of .carbon .dioxide
b. Oxygen .supply d. . Regulation .of .pH
. 16. .What .would .the .hemoglobin-oxygen .dissociation .curve .depict .in .a .patient .exhibiting .clinical
.signs .of .alkalosis?
a. Normal c. Shift .to .the .right
b. Shift .to .the .left d. . None .of .the .above
. 17. . Name .the .main .lipid .components .of .a .red .blood .cell .membrane.
a. Phospholipid c. Glycolipid
b. Sphingomyelin d. . Glycophorin .A
. 18. . The .ABO .blood .groups .were .discovered .in .1901 .by .whom?
a. Charles .Drew c. Loutit .and .Mollison
b. Karl .Landsteiner d. . Edward .Lindeman
. 19. .A .standing .order .of .platelets .was .shipped .to .your .facility .by .your .supplier. .It .was .inadvertently .left .in
.the .corner .of .the .department .until .discovered .36 .hours .later. .What .would .the .appropriate .action .be .for
.the .blood .banker?
a. If .the .temperature .in .the .box .was .22 .+/- .2°C .and .the .platelet .swirl .seemed .OK, .it
.would .be .OK .to .accept .the .unit .into .inventory.
b. The .platelets .have .fallen .outside .the .supplier’s .quality .assurance. .The .unit .should .be
.discarded .because .the .pH .has .probably .dropped .too .low .and .platelet .activation .has
.been .compromised.
c. If .the .temperature .was .1°C .to .6°C .and .the .platelet .swirl .seemed .OK, .it .would .be .OK .to
, accept .the .unit .into .inventory.
d. If .the .platelets .appeared .OK .and .passed .the .platelet .swirl .test .after .being .placed .on
.the .agitator, .they .could .be .accepted .into .the .inventory.
. 20. . Which .metabolic .pathway .permits .the .accumulation .of .2,3 .diphosphoglycerate .(2,3-DPG)?
a. Glycolysis c. Pentose .phosphate .shunt
b. Luebering-Rapoport .shunt d. . Methemoglobin .reductase
. 21. . All .of .the .following .are .consistent .with .a ."shift .to .the .right" .of .the .hemoglobin-oxygen .dissociation .curve
except:
a. Increased .2,3-DPG.
b. 50% .O2 . saturation .to .tissues.
c. Decreased .2,3-DPG.
d. Decreased .hemoglobin .affinity .for .O2.
. 22. . What .is .the .normal .platelet .count .range .per .cubic .millimeter?
a. 100 .to .350 c. 50,000 .to .200,000
b. 150,000 .to .350,000 d. . 350,000 .to .500,000
. 23. . What .cryoprotective .agent .is .added .to .red .blood .cells .upon .freezing?
a. Dextrose c. Glycerol
b. Adsol d. . All .of .the .above
. 24. . If .platelets .are .to .be .stored .for .5 .days .on .a .rotator, .what .is .the .optimal .storage .temperature?
a. 1°C .to .6°C c. 35°C .to .37°C
b. 20°C .to .24°C d. . 1°C .to .10°C
. 25. . What .role .do .platelets .play .in .hemostasis?
a. Maintenance .of .vascular .integrity
b. Initial .arrest .of .bleeding .by .platelet .plug .formation
c. Stabilization .of .the .hemostatic .plug
d. All .of .the .above
. 26. . Which .of .the .following .best .describes ."integral" .membrane .proteins?
a. Reside .at .the .cytoplasmic .surface .of .membrane
b. Span .the .entire .membrane .surface
c. Form .the .red .blood .cell .cytoskeleton
d. None .of .the .above
. 27. . How .is .stroma-free .hemoglobin .solution .prepared?
a. Outdated .red .blood .cells .are .concentrated, .and .stroma .is .removed.
b. Outdated .red .blood .cells .are .diluted .with .saline, .and .stroma .is .removed.
c. Outdated .red .blood .cells .are .lysed, .and .stroma .is .removed.
d. None .of .the .above
. 28. . What .is .the .normal .life .span .of .an .RBC?
a. 100 .days c. 120 .hours
b. 120 .days d. . 2 .days
. 29. . Regarding .loss .of .RBC .membrane .deformability, .all .of .the .following .are .true .except:
a. Increase .in .ATP .level.
b. Decrease .in .ATP .level.
