HBIO 301 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE
6 levels of organization
chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism
Integumentary System
skin, hair, sweat glands, nails
Function - protect against environmental hazards, regulate body temp., and sensory information
Skeletal System
Major Organs - bones, cartilages, associated ligaments, bone marrow
Function - Provides support and protection for other tissues, stores calcium and other materials, form
blood cells
Muscular System
Major Organs - skeletal muscles and associate tendons
Functions - provide movement, protection, and generate heat to maintain body temp.
Nervous System
major organs - brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sense organs
Functions - immediate response to stimuli, coordinate activity, interpret sensory information
Endocrine System
,Major organs - pit. gland, pancreas, gonads, thyroid, adrenal, endocrine tissue
Function - long term changes in activity of other organs, adjust metabolic activity, structural functions
during development
Cardiovascular System
major organs .- heart, blood, blood vessels
Function - distribute blood cell, water, and dissolved materials, heat and control body temp.
Lymphatic System
major organs - spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and tonsils
Function - defends against infection and disease/ returns tissue to bloodstream
Respiratory System
Major organs - nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, bronchi, lungs, alveoli, trachea
Function - air to alveoli, O2 to bloodstream, remove CO2 from blood, sound
Digestive System
major organs - teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver,
gallbladder, pancreas
Function - processes and digests food, absorb and conserve water, absorb nutrients, store energy
reserves
Urinary System
Major organ - kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
Function - excrete waste, control water balance, store urine, regulate pH
Axial Region
, head, neck, and trunk
Appendicular Region
appendages ( arms, legs, and some other parts )
Superior
head end or upper part of a structure
inferior ( caudal )
away from the head and toward the lower part of the body
Medial
toward the midline of the body on the inner side
lateral
away from the midline on the outer side of the body
proximal
closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Distal
farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Ipsilateral
on the same side
contralateral
on opposite sides
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE
6 levels of organization
chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism
Integumentary System
skin, hair, sweat glands, nails
Function - protect against environmental hazards, regulate body temp., and sensory information
Skeletal System
Major Organs - bones, cartilages, associated ligaments, bone marrow
Function - Provides support and protection for other tissues, stores calcium and other materials, form
blood cells
Muscular System
Major Organs - skeletal muscles and associate tendons
Functions - provide movement, protection, and generate heat to maintain body temp.
Nervous System
major organs - brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sense organs
Functions - immediate response to stimuli, coordinate activity, interpret sensory information
Endocrine System
,Major organs - pit. gland, pancreas, gonads, thyroid, adrenal, endocrine tissue
Function - long term changes in activity of other organs, adjust metabolic activity, structural functions
during development
Cardiovascular System
major organs .- heart, blood, blood vessels
Function - distribute blood cell, water, and dissolved materials, heat and control body temp.
Lymphatic System
major organs - spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and tonsils
Function - defends against infection and disease/ returns tissue to bloodstream
Respiratory System
Major organs - nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, bronchi, lungs, alveoli, trachea
Function - air to alveoli, O2 to bloodstream, remove CO2 from blood, sound
Digestive System
major organs - teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver,
gallbladder, pancreas
Function - processes and digests food, absorb and conserve water, absorb nutrients, store energy
reserves
Urinary System
Major organ - kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
Function - excrete waste, control water balance, store urine, regulate pH
Axial Region
, head, neck, and trunk
Appendicular Region
appendages ( arms, legs, and some other parts )
Superior
head end or upper part of a structure
inferior ( caudal )
away from the head and toward the lower part of the body
Medial
toward the midline of the body on the inner side
lateral
away from the midline on the outer side of the body
proximal
closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Distal
farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Ipsilateral
on the same side
contralateral
on opposite sides
